860 resultados para Indústria de construção civil - Controle de qualidade - Brasil
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A utilização de novas técnicas de aproveitamento de resíduos tem-se tornado cada vez mais importante na construção civil, principalmente quando se trata da utilização de resíduos de outros segmentos industriais e da redução de consumo de matérias-primas naturais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a utilização da lama vermelha, resíduo proveniente da produção de alumina metalúrgica, na produção de blocos cerâmicos vazados estruturais. A produção dos blocos foi realizada em uma indústria cerâmica, a partir de uma mistura de 60% de lama vermelha (LV) e de 40% de argila. Após a produção dos blocos, realizaram-se ensaios de acordo com as normas técnicas, tais como absorção de água e compressão axial simples. A partir da análise dos resultados, observou-se que os blocos estruturais produzidos a partir da mistura de LV e argila atenderam aos parâmetros normativos quanto ao índice de absorção de água e de resistência à compressão, e que as resistências médias e características desses blocos foram superiores às dos blocos cerâmicos de referência.
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O trabalho analisa fundamentos sociológicos e filosóficos da responsabilidade civil objetiva, especificamente da responsabilidade “pelo risco”. Parte do pressuposto de que o modo que a maior parte da doutrina civilista que analisa o instituto mitiga as potencialidades do mesmo ser compreendido como um elemento de organização das sociedades funcionalmente diferenciadas, caracterizadas pelo excesso de complexidade e pela radical contingência que permeiam a comunicação realizada entre os sistemas sociais, entre os seres humanos e das relações entre estes e aqueles. Conclui que o risco é uma característica insuperável de tais sociedades, e, analisando as consequências do mesmo para a formação do sujeito capaz de comprometer-se com uma vida política, propõe, baseado principalmente nos estudos filosóficos de Paul Ricoeur e na dogmática constitucional de Robert Alexy, que a responsabilidade civil objetiva seja elevada ao nível jurídico e moral de dever fundamental do sujeito de direito, precipuamente no bojo das relações travadas entre os particulares.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Processo de modificação térmica, por irradiação de calor, para a melhora da estabilidade dimensional e da durabilidade biológica de madeira sólida cuja potencial aplicação industrial ocorre na indústria de transformação e processamento de produtos de madeira. Dentre elas, destacam-se: as indústrias moveleira, a de produtos usados em acabamentos na construção civil e a de instrumentos musicais devido à melhora na estabilidade dimensional da madeira quando termorretificada, e a indústria de utensílios domésticos devido à inibição ao ataque de fungos em madeiras termorretificadas. O processo compreende uma série de etapas, sendo que na primeira etapa todas as peças de madeira a serem tratadas devem ser empilhadas de modo gradeado, sendo que entre as camadas compostas por tábuas devem ser colocados separadores...
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During the sugarcane mechanized harvester process, the wear of base cutting knives is directly correlated to the quality of the cut made by the machines, and the use of quality control tools important in monitoring this process. Thus, the present study in Ribeirão Preto region aimed to assess the knives cut baseline and damage caused to wear brass knuckles in mechanized harvesting of cane raw sugar, from the viewpoint of statistical quality control (SQC). The wear of the knives was quantified by mass loss and its dimensions, while cutting quality was assessed by cutting height and damage to stumps visually classified according to the level of damage caused. The results showed that the wear of the knives was more pronounced in certain periods of use, but still within control standards. The cutting height was not affected by the wear of the knives, keeping within the limits of desirable quality for operation. Eventually damage the stumps ranged among themselves depending on each face of the cutting knives evaluated, and the predominance of certain classes of damage in each cutting face, but always remained in statistical control.
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The species of Tabebuia are propagated sexually, and the use of high-quality seeds is crucial to achieving success in restoration of degraded areas, timber and medicinal production. Thus, the use of rapid tests in programs to control seed quality is an essential tool for the assessment of their physiological quality. The objectives of the present study were to establish the methodology for conducting the tetrazolium test in seeds of T. roseoalba and verify seed viability as a function of storage time, evaluating germination parameters and comparing them with the results of the tetrazolium test. The fruits were manually harvested at the opening, and fresh seeds and seeds stored up to 24 months were evaluated by tetrazolium test, germination, emergence, length and dry weight of seedlings. The tetrazolium at a concentration of 0.05% at 36 ° C for 24 hours is indicated to assess the viability of T. roseoalba, and during storage germination, length and dry weight of the seedlings are reduced and the germination in nursery is sharply reduced with seed storage in 24 months.
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AIM: In this paper we estimate the sediment yield and other related information for a small urbanized watershed, located in Sorocaba, São Paulo State. The driving forces that produce the observed scenario are presented and discussed; METHODS: Over a year, water samples and hydrologic information concerning the river channel were collected monthly at one sampling site. In the laboratory, water samples were oven dried (80 ºC) and the total suspended solid weighed for each sample. To estimate sediment yield we used Colby's simplified method. The sediment delivery ratio (SDR) was estimated using two methods: the relief - length ratio and the bifurcation ratio; RESULTS: The annual sediment yield estimated for the period was 1,636.1 t. The total specific sediment yield was 541.7 t.km -2.y-1. Bedload was the predominant fraction. The SDR changed between 60 and 66% according to the method employed. CONCLUSIONS: The main driving forces of hydrosedimentological disequilibrium are the lack of riparian vegetation, the dumping of construction wastes at inadequate sites, and the launching of untreated sewage. Hence, if these three factors were controlled, a significant improvement in the environmental quality, particularly water quality, might be achieved.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB
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Products derived from wood or engineered products are becoming interesting alternatives to the replacement of solid wood in various applications, from structural components to the furniture industry and packaging. Among these products, there are panels built by strands, particles and fibers, each one having their particular characteristics and potential of use. Since the different types of panels are produced, waste generation is part of the process, and that more technological it is, it still generates losses of raw materials. Based on the need for rational use of raw materials and using almost full of industrially processed wood, It arises the proposal of this work, which seeks to use waste from the lamination, like pieces of strands, broken strands, strands rough, cracked strands to produce panels with structural characteristics of the OSL panel (Oriented Strand Lumber), LSL (Laminated Strand Lumber) and OSB (Oriented Strand Lumber). Besides the use of waste, this paper seeks an alternative to the use of the adhesive, because the industry uses formaldehyde-based adhesives, which over the press, they emit large amounts of formaldehyde, which is very aggressive to humans and environment. The panels made with polyurethane resin based on castor oil and hot-pressed were characterized by physical and mechanical tests according to specifications of European Standard (EN). High values of tensile strength, elastic modulus and density were found in the results of tests. Adding to stable values of swelling and moisture content, the panel studied adds attractive features to the panel market, especially in the civil construction
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Currently, with the competitiveness that is seen in the market, it is crucial to the success of the business, develop new strategies to keep and win new customer preference. To ensure the success of a particular service or product, the secret is to continually meet the wishes and demands of the customers, which are the key parts of the business, through innovation, variety and quality assurance. To achieve this goal managers should be aware of all types of process that exist in the company, as they are primarily responsible and interested by quality service, customer satisfaction and consequently, generating favorable financial results. A tool used to ensure good results to business is the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) that seeks to hear and interpret customers requirements and turn them into essential features for a project