Discarge compilation from The Global River Discharge (RivDIS) Project

The Global River Discharge (RivDIS) data set contains monthly discharge measurements for 1018 stations located throughout the world. The period of record varies widely from station to station, with a mean of 21.5 years. These data were digitized from published UNESCO archives by Charles Voromarty, Balaze Fekete, and B.A. Tucker of the Complex Systems Research Center (CSRC) at the University of New Hampshire. River discharge is typically measured through the use of a rating curve that relates local water level height to discharge. This rating curve is used to estimate discharge from the observed water level. The rating curves are periodically rechecked and recalibrated through on-site measurement of discharge and river stage.

Establishing global value chains through the liberalization of trade in services

This paper addresses the importance of establishing global value chains through the liberalization of trade in services. A database has revealed rather disconnected policy arrangements across APEC members in terms of service trade liberalization. While the economic benefits arising from harmonized and liberalized policy across APEC members are widely recognized in the business sector, relevant policy coordination seems to be missing. With this in mind, APEC could work on establishing its own harmonized "service trade commitment table" that would be centered on simple foreign capital participation criteria. This would surely contribute to forming an APEC-wide global value chain.

Influence of coiling on the stress relaxation of prestressing steel wires

The possible deleterious effects of coiling and long time storage of coiled wires on the stress relaxation behaviour of prestressing steel wires has been checked by means of experimental work and a simple analytical model. The results show that if the requirements of Standards are fulfilled (minimum coiling diameters) these effects can be neglected. However, some other factors like previous residual stresses, long time storage or storage at high temperatures, can trigger or emphasize this damage on the material. In the authors? opinion it is recommended to control the final curvature of the wires after uncoiling prior to prestressin, as required in some Standards.

Influence of coiling on the stress relaxation of prestressing steel wires

The possible deleterious effects of coiling and long-term storage of coiled wires on the stress relaxation behaviour of prestressing steel wires has been checked by means of experimental work and a simple analytical model. The results show that if the requirements of standards are fulfilled (minimum coiling diameters), these effects can be neglected. However, some other factors, such as previous residual stresses, long-term storage or storage at high temperatures, can trigger or emphasize this damage to the material. In the authors' opinion, checking the final curvature of the wires after uncoiling prior to prestressing, as required in some standards, is to be recommended.

Integrated planning for ecological urban regeneration

Considering that the vast majority of housing stock existing in 2011 will be used to satisfy residential needs in the year 2020 and beyond, ecological urban regeneration appears clearly as the key issue in relation to global urban sustainability for the most part of this century. Thus, if the 1992 Rio Summit identified the urban environment as the main arena where the global environmental crisis should be fought, 20 years later we must emphasize that it is mainly to the real cities and territories around us now where we should address our attention

Opera D. Gregorii Papæ, huius nominis primi, cognomento Magni, omnia quæ extant / accuratissima diligentia à mendis multis ... maximè in libris Epistolarum, repurgata ... ; cum indice duplici ...

Marca tip. en port. y en 2P8v

Opera / D. Gregorii Papæ, huius nominis primi, cognomento Magni, omnia quæ extant accuratissima diligentia à mendis multis ... maximè in libris Epistolarum, repurgata ... ; cum indice duplici ...

Marca tip. en port. y en 2P8v

Physical characterization of laser interaction and shock generation in laser shock processing: coupled theoretical-experimental analysis

Laser Shock Processing is developing as a key technology for the improvement of surface mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of metals due to its ability to introduce intense compressive residual stresses fields into high elastic limit materials by means of an intense laser driven shock wave generated by laser with intensities exceeding the 109 W/cm2 threshold, pulse energies in the range of 1 Joule and interaction times in the range of several ns. However, because of the relatively difficult-to-describe physics of shock wave formation in plasma following laser-matter interaction in solid state, only limited knowledge is available in the way of full comprehension and predictive assessment of the characteristic physical processes and material transformations with a specific consideration of real material properties. In the present paper, an account of the physical issues dominating the development of LSP processes from a moderately high intensity laser-matter interaction point of view is presented along with the theoretical and computational methods developed by the authors for their predictive assessment and new experimental contrast results obtained at laboratory scale.

Por los curadores de Don Francisco de Vilarasa con Don Ioan Vives de Cañamas y la egregia Doña Tomasa Vives y de Vilarasa ... sobre la svccession en los bienes de la herencia y vinculo de Don Ioan Lorenço de Vilarasa..

Sign.: [ ]2, B-Z2, 2A-2D2

Modelling uncertainty of flood quantile estimation at ungauged sites by Bayesian networks

Prediction at ungauged sites is essential for water resources planning and management. Ungauged sites have no observations about the magnitude of floods, but some site and basin characteristics are known. Regression models relate physiographic and climatic basin characteristics to flood quantiles, which can be estimated from observed data at gauged sites. However, these models assume linear relationships between variables Prediction intervals are estimated by the variance of the residuals in the estimated model. Furthermore, the effect of the uncertainties in the explanatory variables on the dependent variable cannot be assessed. This paper presents a methodology to propagate the uncertainties that arise in the process of predicting flood quantiles at ungauged basins by a regression model. In addition, Bayesian networks were explored as a feasible tool for predicting flood quantiles at ungauged sites. Bayesian networks benefit from taking into account uncertainties thanks to their probabilistic nature. They are able to capture non-linear relationships between variables and they give a probability distribution of discharges as result. The methodology was applied to a case study in the Tagus basin in Spain.

Functional genomics tools to decipher the pathogenicity mechanisms of the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina in Arabidopsis thaliana

The analysis of the interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana and adapted (PcBMM) and nonadapted (Pc2127) isolates of the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina has contributed to the identification of molecular mechanisms controlling plant resistance to necrotrophs.To characterize the pathogenicity bases of the virulence of necrotrophic fungi in Arabidopsis, we developed P. cucumerina functional genomics tools using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation.We generated PcBMM-GFP and Pc2127-GFP transformants constitutively expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP), and a collection of random T-DNA insertional PcBMM transformants. Confocal microscopy analyses of the initial stages of PcBMM-GFP infection revealed that this pathogen, like other necrotrophic fungi, does not form an appressorium or penetrate into plant cells, but causes successive degradation of leaf cell layers

ORDENAÇÃO AO MINISTÉRIO FEMININO: ESTUDO DE CASO NA CONVENÇÃO BATISTA PARANAENSE NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEOLOGIA PRÁTICA

A dissertação é um estudo sobre a ordenação ao ministério feminino na Igreja Batista do Paraná. A missão da mulher é observada através das perspectivas bíblicas, bem como o seu desenvolvimento na história da Igreja. No Velho Testamento, a mulher, em alguns momentos, é discriminada pelo homem. O mundo patriarcal desvalorizou e até desprezou a mulher em alguns segmentos sociais e religiosos. No entanto, mesmo tendo estas barreiras, ela conseguiu vencer e realizar sua missão. A partir de Jesus a mulher começa a ser acolhida e valorizada. Sua missão foi resgatar o mundo marginalizado e discriminado. Na igreja primitiva, a mulher desenvolveu alguns ministérios, iniciando uma nova etapa para o universo feminino. Durante os períodos históricos da Igreja, a participação da mulher foi restrita. O seu espaço foi limitado pelo homem, tendo dificuldades para exercer a ação pastoral. Em razão da sua luta ela conseguiu, através da história, o reconhecimento e assim conquistou a ordenação ao ministério pastoral. Através de uma pesquisa, observa-se a abertura da ordenação ao ministério feminino nas igrejas batistas no Paraná. Existem restrições por parte de alguns líderes, contribuindo para uma discriminação do ministério feminino. A dissertação também apresenta considerações sobre o pastorado feminino, numa perspectiva do comprometimento das igrejas batistas com a práxis teológica, na implantação do reino de Deus.(AU)