O processo de organização social do Grupo Herança Viva de Chapecó-SC e suas estratégias de ação conjunta

The consequences resulting from economic modernization model generated social and environmental imbalances, resulting in the exclusion and social isolation, perceived consequences in the agricultural sector. When studying social organizations, tends to see how they keep their forward cooperation processes all a company incorporated by the appreciation of individualism and competition. The overall objective for this research was to analyze the organizational dynamics of Agroecology Group Heritage Viva Chapecó, Santa Catarina, in order to identify the strengths and threats and collaborate in this way for preparation of action strategies for sustainability. The selected group is based on the principles of agroecology for the conduct of their agricultural production systems, avoiding the use of agrochemicals, proven through the use of participatory certification seal Ecovida Network, and the products sold mainly in street fairs in the city of chapecó. To fulfill such a proposal were consulted the minutes of meetings and questionnaires with farmers to assess the dynamics of cooperation among its members, through the understanding of their social capital and social network analysis (SNA). To extend the study of the group and its members was adopted methodological approach of action research where activities were developed to identify strengths and weaknesses and contribute to its organizational restructuring, resulting in the construction, carried out by farmers, the guiding principles of the Living Heritage Group will contribute to the decision-making and strengthen their identity. The survey also brought the group is inserted in the Social Transition Agroecology therefore change the current paradigm is not inserted only in the alternative model of production, but in the form of organization of social actors and their role in the marketing process of their products, in discussing the scenario of food supply chains.

Estudo empírico de antecedentes do sucesso de sistemas de informação: análise de um sistema de apoio à decisão em uma universidade pública

Universities are institutions that generate and manipulate large amounts of data as a result of the multiple functions they perform, of the amount of involved professionals and students they attend. Information gathered from these data is used, for example, for operational activities and to support decision-making by managers. To assist managers in accomplishing their tasks, the Information Systems (IS) are presented as tools that offer features aiming to improve the performance of its users, assist with routine tasks and provide support to decision-making. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the influence of the users features and of the task in the success of IS. The study is of a descriptive-exploratory nature, therefore, the constructs used to define the conceptual model of the research are known and previously validated. However, individual features of users and of the task are IS success antecedents. In order to test the influence of these antecedents, it was developed a decision support IS that uses the Multicriteria Decision Aid Constructivist (MCDA-C) methodology with the participation and involvement of users. The sample consisted of managers and former managers of UTFPR Campus Pato Branco who work or have worked in teaching activities, research, extension and management. For data collection an experiment was conducted in the computer lab of the Campus Pato Branco in order to verify the hypotheses of the research. The experiment consisted of performing a distribution task of teaching positions between the academic departments using the IS developed. The task involved decision-making related to management activities. The data that fed the system used were real, from the Campus itself. A questionnaire was answered by the participants of the experiment in order to obtain data to verify the research hypotheses. The results obtained from the data analysis partially confirmed the influence of the individual features in IS success and fully confirmed the influence of task features. The data collected failed to support significant ratio between the individual features and the individual impact. For many of the participants the first contact with the IS was during the experiment, which indicates the lack of experience with the system. Regarding the success of IS, the data revealed that there is no significance in the relationship between Information Quality (IQ) and Individual Impact (II). It is noteworthy that the IS used in the experiment is to support decision-making and the information provided by this system are strictly quantitative, which may have caused some conflict in the analysis of the criteria involved in the decision-making process. This is because the criteria of teaching, research, extension and management are interconnected such that one reflects on another. Thus, the opinion of the managers does not depend exclusively on quantitative data, but also of knowledge and value judgment that each manager has about the problem to be solved.

A formação de educadores para a pedagogia da alternância no Brasil nos movimentos italiano e francês: limitações e possibilidades

The Pedagogy of Alternation (PA), it is a type of education designed to rural people, whose perspective on the idea of combining theory and practice, alternating different times and spaces. On the Brazil, this education modality act from the perspective of two movements: Italian and French. Because it is a distinct mode of traditional, recommends that educators who work in this context also have a different outline. In this sense, it is relevant that there is a training for the educators that meets their needs. It is in these by understand how is the training of these professionals that the study proposes to analyze the educators training processes of PA on Brazil in movements Italian and French, presenting differences and similarities between them. For this, part it of a bibliographic and documental research, which were make initially theoretical surveys about expansion context of method, as well as theirtheoreticalandmethodologicalfoundationsandthePublicPolicybyeducators training. Then, were analyzed educational documents of both movements, laws, ordinances, statutes and field diaries, in order to verify how occurs the educators training process, and from that were stablished differences and similarities between both. The results point that in both movements there were advances in training processes, and despite of there were many similarities in trajectory of the movement, a multitude of issues boosted significant differences. On the Italian movement notes a greater harmony with the original principles of the PA, more engagement and organization by the movement. Because keeps collaborate ships with public authorities and institutions, without, however, losing its autonomy in decision-making and referrals to preserve the principles and foundations of this educational modality. This has encouraged and strengthened the educator’s formation and consequently the quality of education. On the other hand, the French movement it is shown weakened, especially in the state of Paraná, in which the movement is weakened. The small number of students, among other factors, pushed the closure of classes and consequently schools, this has interfered with the continuity of the movement. Many are the limitations by which the French movement has passed, especially with regard to training of their teachers, however, the search for new partner ships, as well as the community and the redemption of the original principles and foundations can be a way to paralyze this retraction and strengthens it.

Dinâmicas sócioeconômicas na prática dos feirantes agricultores familiares de Chapecó-SC

This thesis deals with the insertion of family farmers market that act as market traders in the city of Chapecó, state of Santa Catarina. In order to trust, reciprocity and relations of time and space dynamics present in the practice of open-air market is analyzed. From understanding the outdoor market as an extension of the activities of farms, a form of local construction market, we need new ways to evaluate the inclusion of family farming in trade. In this regard, the importance of local markets characterized by autonomy in the food hegemonic system. To this end, it uses what the peculiarities present in the practice of street fairs, its historical development, the number of farmers who act as market participants, the number of traders in the city and its surroundings, the diversity of products offered, the marketing channel access by traders and market relations farmers who act as market participants. Finally, based on the responses of suppliers and content analysis, it was possible to show how present in the social dynamics of free trade: the trusted face to face representations, reciprocity and relations of time and space between the co-present agents in the market dynamics of family farmers fair. For the study context, these representations show how important non-economic values that help build identities that relate to the strategies of social reproduction and overcoming dominant market model.

Influência do uso e ocupação do solo na qualidade da água e no processo erosivo da bacia de captação do Rio Barro Preto, Coronel Vivida-PR

This study was developed in objecting to investigate the use and occupation of land in 1999, 2005, 2011 e 2015 and estimate soil degradation by laminar erosion and the relation with water quality in 2015 in the catchment basin of the Barro Preto river, Coronel Vivida – PR. For multitemporal analysis of use and occupation of land in the basin used in the Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images and Geographic Information System. The laminar erosion was estimated by the Universal Soil Loss Equation through the systematization of calculations of the factors that compose the equation in SPRING/INPE. The water quality of the studied river section was evaluated according to the Water Quality Idex and the Resolution CONAMA n. 357/2005. The multitemporal analysis of the use and occupation of land has demonstrated that basin is predominantly agricultural in all years studied, as well as the permanent preservation area presents it not regularized during the period in accordance with the Brazilian Forest Code in force. In relation the quantification of laminar soil erosion in the study period, the rainfall and runoff factor was estimated considering the rainfall data from 1986 to 2014 and resulted in a value of 11.573,47 MJ/ha.mm/a. The Dystrophic Red Latosol, Dystrophic Red Nitisol, Fluvisol and Leptosol soil erodibility factor were 0,0138, 0,0137, 0,0207, 0,0196 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm/a, respectively. The topographical factor has demonstrated that the catchment basin has the rough terrain because the moderate and moderate strong classes are dominant in the study area. The cover and management and support practice factors were estimated according to the multitemporal analysis of the use and occupation of land in the basin and the values ranged from 0,0006 to 0,0688. The soil losses by laminar erosion were simulated with agriculture areas with corn and soybeans in no-till. The soil losses with maize crop in no-till in 1999, 2005, 2011 and 2015 were 9.782,75, 10.592,71, 9.636,61 e 11.058,26 t/year, respectively, and soybeans crops in no-till were 15.140,01, 16.645,20, 14.662,14 e 17.049,85 t/year, respectively. In relation with water quality of the section studied river, the average of Water Quality Index during the season were 55,47, 53,09 and 49,72, for the first, second and third sample point, respectively. Indication a decrease in water quality since the source to the last sample point. It is concluded that the use and occupation of land in the catchment basin interferes in the water quality, as well as in soil degradation.

Defining a management strategy for the azorean natural thermal resources : valuing criteria identification

Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão de Empresas (MBA), 23 de Maio de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.

Sistematic, population genetics, propagation and conservation of Prunus azorica (Rosaceae)

Tese de Doutoramento, Biologia (Ecologia Vegetal), 25 de Junho de 2013, Universidade dos Açores.

Diagnóstico de qualidade ambiental em unidades de conservação: o caso do Parque Estadual Vitório Piassa

Over time, humanity began to realize the negative impact that the modern world has caused to the environment. The Atlantic Forest is one of the richest biomes in biodiversity, covering more than 60% of all species on the planet. This biome covered about 15% of the Brazilian territory, leaving currently only 7% of its fully fragmented forest remnants. This was the biome that suffered most from modernization and strong anthropogenic pressures in Brazil. For the account of environmental degradation, in the second half of the nineteenth century there was a shift in thinking, giving greater emphasis on conservation of some natural landscapes, with the intention of removing the man still preserved nature. Based on American models of conservation there were created the Nature Conservation Units. This study aimed to analyze the environmental quality of the State Park Vitório Piassa, a Conservation Unit located in the city of Pato Branco - PR. The environmental quality was measured by use of bio-indicators and some environmental pressures that the Park has suffered over the years also were identified. Beetles of the familiy Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were used as the bioindicators. To compare the most conserved areas and the most degraded areas of the Park, three specific sites were defined within the Atlantic Forest fragment, these insects were captured with pitfall traps and identified as to their species and genera. There were two collections in February and March 2015, which resulted in 945 individuals in 22 species and nine different genus. Then the population of beetles in each area were classified based on ecological measures such as species richness, abundance of individuals of each species through diversity index (Shannon and Simpson) to identify the differences between the sampled groups and equitability (Pielou) to measure the distribution of the total abundance of the species in each area. To meet the objective of identifying the environmental pressures that occur in PEVP, evidence were collected through photographs, watching the field, aerial images and conversations with the resident population in the park. Similarly, if made relevant to build on the project running by the municipality for the construction of infrastructure for public viewing. These data served as subsidies to confront the current situation of the park and the current Brazilian legislation for UC's of full protection, highlighting the existing socio-environmental conflicts in the park, involving political issues and the proximity of the Conservation Unit with the urban area of the city.

Sistematics, population genetics, propagation and conservation of Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl. (Oleaceae)

Tese de Doutoramento, Biologia (Ecologia Vegetal), 24 de Junho de 2013, Universidade dos Açores.

Bases para la gobernanza del distrito de ciencia, tecnología e innovación en Medellín, Colombia

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las bases de gobernanza del Distrito de ciencia, tecnología e innovación de Medellín en Colombia, mediante una revisión de literatura e integración de trabajos inéditos de los autores para ilustrar aspectos claves de la administración de este nuevo arreglo institucional. Los resultados muestran que la gobernanza del Distrito se basa en la lectura de las dinámicas y tendencias territoriales, la integración de intereses entre los agentes y la gestión de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. 

Língua eletrónica: uma ferramenta prática na análise sensorial de azeitonas de mesa

As azeitonas de mesa são consumidas e apreciadas em todo o mundo e, embora a sua classificação comercial não seja legalmente exigida, o Conselho Oleícola Internacional sugere que seja regulamentada com base na avaliação sensorial por um painel de provadores. A implementação de tal requer o cumprimento de diretrizes estabelecidas pelo Conselho Oleícola Internacional, resultando numa tarefa complexa, demorada e cujas avaliações não estão isentas de subjetividade. Neste trabalho, pela primeira vez, uma língua eletrónica foi utilizada com o intuito de classificar azeitonas de mesa em categorias comerciais, estipuladas com base na presença e na mediana das intensidades do defeito organolético predominante percebido pelo painel de provadores. Modelos de discriminação lineares foram estabelecidos com base em subconjuntos de sinais potenciométricos de sensores da língua eletrónica, selecionados recorrendo ao algoritmo de arrefecimento simulado. Os desempenhos qualitativo de previsão dos modelos de classificação estabelecidos foram avaliados recorrendo à técnica de validação cruzada leave-one-out e à técnica de validação cruzada K-folds com repetição, que permite minimizar o risco de sobreajustamento, permitindo obter resultados mais realistas. O potencial desta abordagem qualitativa, baseada nos perfis eletroquímicos gerados pela língua eletrónica, foi satisfatoriamente demonstrado: (i) na classificação correta (sensibilidades ≥ 93%) de soluções padrão (ácido n-butírico, 2-mercaptoetanol e ácido ciclohexanocarboxílico) de acordo com o defeito sensorial que mimetizam (butírico, pútrido ou sapateira); (ii) na classificação correta (sensibilidades ≥ 93%) de amostras de referência de azeitonas e salmouras (presença de um defeito único intenso) de acordo com o tipo de defeito percebido (avinhado-avinagrado, butírico, mofo, pútrido ou sapateira), e selecionadas pelo painel de provadores; e, (iii) na classificação correta (sensibilidade ≥ 86%) de amostras de azeitonas de mesa com grande heterogeneidade, contendo um ou mais defeitos organoléticos percebidos pelo painel de provadores nas azeitona e/ou salmouras, de acordo com a sua categoria comercial (azeitona extra sem defeito, extra, 1ª escolha, 2ª escolha e azeitonas que não podem ser comercializadas como azeitonas de mesa). Por fim, a capacidade língua eletrónica em quantificar as medianas das intensidades dos atributos negativos detetados pelo painel nas azeitonas de mesa foi demonstrada recorrendo a modelos de regressão linear múltipla-algoritmo de arrefecimento simulado, com base em subconjuntos selecionados de sinais gerados pela língua eletrónica durante a análise potenciométrica das azeitonas e salmouras. O xii desempenho de previsão dos modelos quantitativos foi validado recorrendo às mesmas duas técnicas de validação cruzada. Os modelos estabelcidos para cada um dos 5 defeitos sensoriais presentes nas amostras de azeitona de mesa, permitiram quantificar satisfatoriamente as medianas das intensidades dos defeitos (R² ≥ 0,97). Assim, a qualidade satisfatória dos resultados qualitativos e quantitativos alcançados permite antever, pela primeira vez, uma possível aplicação prática das línguas eletrónicas como uma ferramenta de análise sensorial de defeitos em azeitonas de mesa, podendo ser usada como uma técnica rápida, económica e útil na avaliação organolética de atributos negativos, complementar à tradicional análise sensorial por um painel de provadores.

Eliminação/valorização de resíduos de frutas (kiwi) por digestão anaeróbia

Este estudo tem como objetivo a valorização económica de resíduos agroindustriais, nomeadamente resíduos de kiwi, por digestão anaeróbia de forma a otimizar a produção de biogás e a sua qualidade (% CH4). Trata-se de uma pesquisa experimental que consistiu na avaliação da produção de biogás usando diferentes proporções de substrato e inóculo, quatro valores distintos para a razão C:N, inóculo de diferentes digestores e colheita do inóculo em épocas distintas do ano. Os ensaios foram desenvolvidos num reator batch em condições mesofílicas, sendo o processo acompanhado por monitorização dos parâmetros: pH, Alcalinidade, Ácidos Gordos Voláteis (AGV), Sólidos Totais (ST), Sólidos Voláteis (SV), Carência Química de Oxigénio (CQO) e Carbono. Para a totalidade dos ensaios, o valor de pH no reator praticamente não apresentou variação, mantendo-se em torno de 7,0; a alcalinidade do meio, 1500 mg CaCO3/L, revelou-se adequada uma vez que no final do processo de DA a concentração de AGV (400-600 mg/L), nunca excede os valores considerados críticos. Os resultados obtidos apresentam valores interessantes para um número considerável de ensaios. Das 10 experiências realizadas, em duas foram obtidos resultados muito significativos em relação à literatura; o ensaio com 1% de substrato (experiência 2) registou uma produção de biogás de 1628 L/kg SV com uma %CH4 de 57% e o biogás de maior qualidade, 85% de metano, foi obtido no ensaio com 5% de resíduo de kiwi (experiência 10). As experiências em que se avaliou o efeito da razão C:N foram as menos produtivas, possivelmente devido à inibição da atividade da população microbiana pelo KNO3. A qualidade do inóculo revelou-se determinante num conjunto de ensaios, nomeadamente quando a sua colheita foi realizada no inverno, com o digestor a apresentar temperaturas bastante baixas. De acordo com os valores mais favoráveis para a produção de biogás, por tonelada de resíduo de kiwi poderá ser obtido um valor monetário bruto de 102 €, resolvendo-se um problema de eliminação deste resíduo, com valorização energética simultaneamente.

Amphiphilic catalysts for the treatment of oily wastewaters

The main objective of this study was to obtain an effective catalyst for removal of diazo dye - Sudan IV by Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation (CWPO). For this purpose liquid phase treatment was used to increase the basicity of activated carbon surface favoring the adsorption of organic pollutants. Modified activated carbon catalysts were used in different types of experiments: 1) decomposition of H2O2 in aquatic media, 2) decomposition of H2O2 in organic media, 3) adsorption of Sudan IV, 4) Sudan IV removal by CWPO. As the result of all of these experiments the most effective catalyst was obtained and discussed. It was not observed removal of Sudan IV from biphasic system by CWPO. The obtained results in some cases show a slight increase in concentration of Sudan IV, which may be ascribed to experimental errors. Different factors could be the reason of those errors. For example, the high volatility properties of organic media used in experiments should be taken into account during experiments. Under settled reaction temperature the decrease of cyclohexane volume during experiment could give rise in Sudan IV concentration. The initial concentration of model diazo dye also should be reviewed more detailed for CWPO experiments. Despite of these experimental errors the behavior of our catalysts in different media was observed.

Avaliação e reestruturação do programa reflorestar a partir da educação ambiental crítica

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural, 2016.