Estimate of the total volume of Svalbard glaciers, and their potential contribution to sea-level rise, using new regionally based scaling relationships

We present a set of new volume scaling relationships specific to Svalbard glaciers, derived from a sample of 60 volume–area pairs. Glacier volumes are computed from ground-penetrating radar (GPR)-retrieved ice thickness measurements, which have been compiled from different sources for this study. The most precise scaling models, in terms of lowest cross-validation errors, are obtained using a multivariate approach where, in addition to glacier area, glacier length and elevation range are also used as predictors. Using this multivariate scaling approach, together with the Randolph Glacier Inventory V3.2 for Svalbard and Jan Mayen, we obtain a regional volume estimate of 6700 ± 835 km3, or 17 ± 2 mm of sea-level equivalent (SLE). This result lies in the mid- to low range of recently published estimates, which show values as varied as 13 and 24 mm SLE. We assess the sensitivity of the scaling exponents to glacier characteristics such as size, aspect ratio and average slope, and find that the volume of steep-slope and cirque-type glaciers is not very sensitive to changes in glacier area.

Multicriteria decision analysis applied to cover crop species andcultivars selection

Cover crop selection should be oriented to the achievement of specific agrosystem benefits. The covercrop, catch crop, green manure and fodder uses were identified as possible targets for selection. Theobjective was to apply multi-criteria decision analysis to evaluate different species (Hordeum vulgareL., Secale cereale L., ×Triticosecale Whim, Sinapis alba L., Vicia sativa L.) and cultivars according to theirsuitability to be used as cover crops in each of the uses. A field trial with 20 cultivars of the five specieswas conducted in Central Spain during two seasons (October?April). Measurements of ground cover, cropbiomass, N uptake, N derived from the atmosphere, C/N, dietary fiber content and residue quality werecollected. Aggregation of these variables through utility functions allowed ranking species and cultivarsfor each usage. Grasses were the most suitable for the cover crop, catch crop and fodder uses, while thevetches were the best as green manures. The mustard attained high ranks as cover and catch crop the firstseason, but the second decayed due to low performance in cold winters. Mustard and vetches obtainedworse rankings than grasses as fodder. Hispanic was the most suitable barley cultivar as cover and catchcrop, and Albacete as fodder. The triticale Titania attained the highest rank as cover and catch crop andfodder. Vetches Aitana and BGE014897 showed good aptitudes as green manures and catch crops. Thisanalysis allowed comparison among species and cultivars and might provide relevant information forcover crops selection and management.

Is the performance of ImmunoCAP ISAC 112 sufficient to diagnose peach and apple allergies?

Food allergies constitute a public health issue, with a reported overall estimated prevalence of 6% in Europe1 and Rosacea as the main allergenic fruits among adults.2 The commercial microarray ImmunoCAP ISAC 112 (Thermofisher, Uppsala, Sweden) is a semiquantitative and reproducible in vitro diagnostic tool used for the determination of specific IgE (sIgE).3 However, its panel of allergens does not have the best accuracy when it comes to determining fruit allergies in the Mediterranean area: the inclusion of the thaumatinlike protein (TLP) Pru p 2 or the apple lipid transfer protein (LTP) Mal d 3 has been proposed to improve the diagnosis of peach4 and apple5 allergies, respectively, in the Mediterranean basin. We sought to determine the usefulness of a component-resolved microarray for the diagnosis of peach and apple allergies in the Mediterranean area.

A Recombinant Sal k 1 Isoform as an Alternative to the Polymorphic Allergen from Salsola kali Pollen for Allergy Diagnosis

The incidence of Amaranthaceae pollen allergy has increased due to the desertification occurring in many countries. In some regions of Spain, Salsola kali is the main cause of pollinosis, at almost the same level as olive and grass pollen. Sal k 1 - the sensitization marker of S. kali pollinosis - is used in clinical diagnosis, but is purified at a low yield from pollen. We aimed to produce a recombinant (r)Sal k 1 able to span the structural and immunological properties of the natural isoforms from pollen, and validate its potential use for diagnosis. METHODS: Specific cDNA was amplified by PCR, cloned into the pET41b vector and used to transform BL21 (DE3) Escherichia coli cells. Immunoblotting, ELISA, basophil activation and skin-prick tests were used to validate the recombinant protein against Sal k 1 isolated from pollen. Sera and blood cells from S. kali pollen-sensitized patients and specific monoclonal and polyclonal antisera were used. RESULTS: rSal k 1 was produced in bacteria with a yield of 7.5 mg/l of cell culture. The protein was purified to homogeneity and structural and immunologically validated against the natural form. rSal k 1 exhibited a higher IgE cross-reactivity with plant-derived food extracts such as peanut, almond or tomato than with pollen sources such as Platanus acerifolia and Oleaceae members. CONCLUSIONS: rSal k 1 expressed in bacteria retains intact structural and immunological properties in comparison to the pollen-derived allergen. It spans the immunological properties of most of the isoforms found in pollen, and it might substitute natural Sal k 1 in clinical diagnosis.

A gaze to rural education according to scientific discourses during the last decade

He largest proportion of illiteracy and lack of access to education in the world is concentrated in rural areas; therefore it is important to ensure there is access to quality education in these spots. This challenge is assumed by different branches of social research and it is reflected within the publication of articles in scientific journals. In the present document the scientific discourse surrounding the theme of rural education during the last decade was analyzed. To do this, the paper focuses on three aspects: the countries that set the agenda, the geographical areas that represent most of the attention and the prevalent themes within continents. It was observed that USA was the most productive country in terms of scientific writings with 30%; that Asia is really interested in health issues associated to rural education; that in Europe gender issues are on the table and that the African and Asian continents, as well as Latin America, are interested only on their own issues, as 100% of the times they only wrote about themselves.

Empowerment Evaluation in Spain: The Critical Friend Role in Working with Rural Communities

Rural communities in Cuenca (Spain) are characterized by a great social dislocation, mostly due to the low population density in these areas. In this way, the existence of groups of citizens able to be active agents of their development process is a critical aspect for any community-based development process in this Spanish region. The Institute of Community Development of Cuenca (IDC) has been working with this type of groups for the last 30 years focusing on the organizational empowerment of the rural communities. Main tools in this process have been the empowerment evaluation approach and the critical friend role when helping the groups to achieve their objectives and reinforcing them. This chapter analyses the empowerment process and how the critical friend role is nourished by the facilitator figure.

Imaginar : dibujar y escribir : recorridos pedagógicos alrededor del proyectar junto a Javier Seguí

En la enseñanza de la arquitectura, el dibujo es tradicionalmente una materia propedéutica que requiere años de entrenamiento hasta conseguir la destreza necesaria para convertirse en herramienta de configuración y en lenguaje de comunicación del proyecto. El requerimiento de un dominio del dibujo eminentemente instrumental es el que encuentra en el año 1957 Javier Seguí, cuando entra en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid, y también en 1974, al obtener la cátedra de la asignatura de Análisis de Formas Arquitectónicas tras intentar, sin éxito, la cátedra de la asignatura Proyectos Arquitectónicos. Desde entonces, y durante treinta y nueve años como catedrático, ejerce de profesor en el ahora denominado Departamento de Ideación Gráfica Arquitectónica -agrupamiento de asignaturas encuadradas en un área de conocimiento- trabajando junto a un grupo de compañeros y alumnos que intentan desarrollar un proceso de cambio fundamental en la docencia del dibujo para abandonar la pura representación y convertirla en el dibujar para proyectar. Javier Seguí se jubila en el año 2010. Separado de la docencia y la investigación oficial, continúa dibujando y escribiendo, con el objeto de sistematizar y fundamentar todas aquellas prácticas desarrolladas y reivindicar el funcionamiento de la imaginación. Esta actividad de investigación, desde un extrañamiento extremo, permite elaborar tanto un listado de técnicas operativo-imaginarias de arranque de los procesos de proyectar, como reflexionar y recuperar algunas prácticas desarrolladas desde el grado cero y la radicalidad. Esta investigación aborda la práctica docente de Javier Seguí, ligándola a su producción investigadora desde sus propios dibujos, escritos y conversaciones realizadas en un momento en el que la crisis de la asignatura de dibujo es evidente en un contexto universitario desorientado, que constata el fracaso del cambio que Seguí soñara hace medio siglo. ABSTRACT In the teaching of architecture, drawing has traditionally been a propaedeutic subject requiring years of training to achieve the necessary skill to become a language and communication tool for project configuration. The requirement of a drawing domain aseminently instrumental is what Javier Seguí found in 1957 when he entered the Superior Technical School of Architecture of Madrid (Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid), and also in 1974, when he was awarded the position of Chair of Analysis of Architectural Forms after trying, unsuccessfully, the Chair of Architectural Projects. Since then, and for thirty-nine years as a Professor, he has taught at what now is called the Department of Architectural Graphic Ideation – group of subjects framed as an knowledge area -, in collaboration with a group of colleagues and students who try to develop a process of fundamental change in the teaching of drawing, through the abandonment of pure representation to transform drawing into a project. Javier Seguí retired in 2010. Separated from official teaching and research, he maintains a consistent practice of drawing and writing, in order to systematize and substantiate all practices developed and claim the use of the imagination. This research activity, from a one end distance, allows both a list of imaginary operational techniques to the start-up project processes, as much as recovering some practices developed from scratch and of a radical technical degree. This research addresses the teaching practice of Javier Segui, linking its research output of their own drawings, writings and conversations in a moment in which the crisis of the drawing subject is evident in a disoriented university context, demonstrating the failure of the exchange that Seguí has dreamed of since half a century ago.

A “REVOLTA” DE JEÚ E A ESTELA DE DÃ: Um Estudo Em 2 Reis 10,28-36

A pesquisa tem por objetivo trabalhar o evento da Revolta de Jeú, em conjunto com a Estela de Dã, tendo como ponto de partida para tal, a exegese da perícope de 2 Reis 10-28,36. A história Deuteronomista apresenta o ato da Revolta de Jeú como sendo um feito demasiadamente importante, na restauração do culto a Javé em Israel, a partir de um contexto onde o culto a outras divindades, em Israel Norte, estava em pleno curso. No entanto, a partir da análise conjunta da Estela de Dã, que tem como provável autor o rei Hazael de Damasco, somos desafiados a ler esta história pelas entrelinhas não contempladas pelo texto, que apontam para uma participação ativa de Hazael, nos desfechos referentes a Revolta de Jeú, como sendo o responsável direto que proporcionou a subida de Jeú ao trono em Israel, clarificando desta forma este importante período na história Bíblica. Para tal análise, observar-se-á três distintos tópicos, ligados diretamente ao tema proposto: (1) A Revolta de Jeú e a Redação Deuteronomista, a partir do estudo exegético da perícope de 2 Reis 10,28-36, onde estão descritas informações pontuais sobre período em que Jeú reinou em Israel; (2) Jeú e a Estela de Dã, a partir da apresentação e análise do conteúdo da Estela de Dã, tratando diretamente dos desdobramentos da guerra em Ramote de Gileade, de onde se dá o ponto de partida à Revolta de Jeú; e por fim (3) O Império da Síria, onde a partir da continuidade da análise do conteúdo da Estela de Dã, demonstraremos a significância deste reino, além de apontamentos diretamente ligados ao reinado de Hazael, personagem mui relevante no evento da Revolta de Jeú.

A COMUNICAÇÃO E A MEMÓRIA DO PEQUENO LAVRADOR DO MUNICÍPIO DE RIBEIRÃO GRANDE NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO SÃO BERNARDO DO CAMPO 2016

Estudo do processo comunicacional e o registro de fragmentos de memória do pequeno agricultor na localidade de Ribeirão Grande, região do Vale do Paranapanema, Estado de São Paulo. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos mostrar a realidade do pequeno agricultor; investigar sobre os processos comunicacionais que influenciam na preservação dos valores ou na perda deles, conhecer a opinião dos pequenos agricultores e moradores do município de Ribeirão Grande no Estado de São Paulo, sobre sua realidade, sua comunicação, seu modelo de vida e de produção, entender como se produz a comunicação no dia a dia do pequeno agricultor, e se há uma relação de proximidade com o jornal regional, sobre a existência ou não de um meio de comunicação que trabalhe os sentimentos de pertencimento e os interesses da ―comunidade‖. A metodologia deste trabalho incorpora a pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e o estudo do caso de um jornal regional local, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os lavradores. Conclui-se que o pequeno lavrador e seu estilo de vida na região tratada não possui perscpectiva de futuro, imersos nas circunstancias que se encontram

Molecular evidence for multiple origins of woodiness and a New World biogeographic connection of the Macaronesian Island endemic Pericallis (Asteraceae: Senecioneae)

The prevalence of woody species in oceanic islands has attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists for more than a century. We used a phylogeny based on sequences of the internal-transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA to trace the evolution of woodiness in Pericallis (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), a genus endemic to the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, and Canaries. Our results show that woodiness in Pericallis originated independently at least twice in these islands, further weakening some previous hypotheses concerning the value of this character for tracing the continental ancestry of island endemics. The same data suggest that the origin of woodiness is correlated with ecological shifts from open to species-rich habitats and that the ancestor of Pericallis was an herbaceous species adapted to marginal habitats of the laurel forest. Our results also support Pericallis as closely related to New World genera of the tribe Senecioneae.

A (des)utopia da liberdade e igualdade : possibilidades de sentido para construção de jurisdições constitucionais democráticas / Valéria Ribas do Nascimento e Jose Luis Bolzan de Morais. --

Inclui notas explicativas, bibliográficas e bibliografia.

Revolta da dignidade e a revolução ética / Jose Severino da Silva Pitas. --

Jornal trabalhista : paginação decrescente.

Violencia escolar: incidencia del contexto familiar y desajuste psicológico asociado

El creciente interés por las relaciones entre iguales en el contexto educacional ha contribuido a la redefinición de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, como dinámicas esencialmente sociales y, por tanto, objeto de diversas disciplinas de las ciencias sociales, entre ellas la psicología social. En paralelo, está recibiendo especial atención el sub-tipo de violencia entre pares denominado bullying, considerado como un problema crítico a escala internacional (Nansel, Craig, Overpeck, Saluja, & Ruan, 2004), que amenaza con afectar la capacidad de desarrollo de los estudiantes en su dimensión psicológica, social y académica (Stevens, De Bourdeaudhuij, & Van Oost, 2002), amenazando los espacios de convivencia y generando un clima de miedo e inseguridad, tanto para las víctimas como para los agresores, así como para toda la comunidad educativa. Es así como la violencia entre iguales en sus diversas formas, incluyendo el bullying, comienzan a situarse como una temática central en la investigación de las ciencias sociales (Hong & Espelage, 2012; Jose, Kljakovic, Scheib, & Notter, 2012). El objetivo general de la Tesis es profundizar en el conocimiento sobre las diferentes dinámicas de violencia entre iguales y en diferentes contextos educacionales, mediante la elaboración de tres investigaciones basadas en el modelo social-ecológico, originalmente propuesto por Brofenbrenner (1977) y poner a prueba empíricamente las relaciones previamente planteadas entre diferentes variables individuales y contextuales, de diferentes contextos y niveles, con especial énfasis en el ámbito familiar, así como determinar las consecuencias de la victimización por acoso escolar sobre el ajuste emocional.

Los intelectuales y la política en España. Francisco Javier Conde (1908-1974). La legitimación de la dictadura

El principal objetivo de esta tesis es el análisis del estrecho vínculo que se establece entre los intelectuales y la política a lo largo de buena parte del siglo XX español a través de estudio de caso que supone la biografía intelectual de Javier Conde, uno de los más destacados ideólogos del franquismo. En el primer bloque, titulado Sobre el concepto de intelectual, hemos expuesto cómo la definición de intelectual ha supuesto un esfuerzo de elaboración e interpretación continuo en las ciencias sociales. Se verá que no hay uniformidad ni linealidad en dicha construcción teórica, puesto que la idea del intelectual se concibe desde un principio como compleja e irreducible a una visión univoca. Según los distintos autores que han intentado definirla, pasamos de una concepción del intelectual puro a otra más flexible, integradora de figuras como la del artista, el pensador, el sabio, el escritor o el filósofo. Las distintas disciplinas sociales se han interesado por el papel político del intelectual, su función cultural y su carácter catalizador en los cambios sociales, en los procesos de legitimación o deslegitimación de los regímenes políticos. Situado en estos términos, Laura Baca Olamendi realiza una tipología normativa del intelectual y destaca, además, la idea de que el intelectual ha de ser analizado como una figura marcadamente política en cuanto que es la expresión inevitable de un sistema de valores. Este principio de expresión en el intelectual queda recogido en los planteamientos de Norberto Bobbio que sintetiza la naturaleza del intelectual formulada en las primeras páginas de este estudio. Mediante el diálogo, la comunicación de su pensamiento, la trasmisión de sus ideas, el hombre de cultura muestra a otros intelectuales y a sus coetáneos la posición adoptada frente a los problemas de su tiempo. Y es a través de ese debate desde donde el intelectual traslada sus planteamientos a la sociedad para influirla. El intelectual debe entenderse como una materialización histórica que interviene en la ideología y en los procesos de legitimidad y deslegitimación de las sociedades contemporáneas...