Rede de Calor – Uma Solução a Biomassa para um Complexo de Hóteis

O recurso às energias renováveis é na actualidade um tema que atinge um grau de importância primordial face á crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente e o impacto negativo, que a produção de energia com base em combustíveis fósseis tem. Esta importância aliada a uma tendência cada vez maior para a criação de soluções de produção sustentável de energia, tem obrigado ao desenvolvimento desta vertente do sector energético e ao estudo e consequentemente implementação de soluções integradas que permitam uma economia competitiva. Os hotéis, sendo estabelecimentos comerciais que desenvolvem uma actividade que envolve, na generalidade, um nível de consumo energético considerável para garantir os seus serviços básicos de acomodação e lazer, tornam-se por excelência alvos primordiais no que concerne ao seu elevado potencial de poupança de energia. O ramo da hotelaria, dada a sua especificidade e a natureza dos edifícios que comporta, torna-os em excelentes candidatos para análise e optimização energética, e como tal um alvo de negócio para as empresas de comercialização de poupanças energéticas. As empresas dedicadas aos serviços de energia são conhecidas por ESCO (Energy Service Company ou Energy Savings Company). A sua actividade tem por base apresentar soluções de energia, nomeadamente a implementação de projectos de poupança energética que podem englobar produção, conservação e fornecimento de energia, bem como gestão de risco associada. O objectivo principal é apresentar soluções de optimização e eficiência energética levando á sua implementação em casos reais de exploração em edifícios ou sectores específicos, rentabilizando o investimento e partilhando o lucro dessa rentabilização com os clientes. No caso específico dos hotéis, mais concretamente um complexo de hotéis, como o estudado neste trabalho, esta análise pretende elaborar uma caracterização das necessidades energéticas do sector e apresentar um conjunto de soluções energéticas adequadas à realidade hoteleira. É também objecto de análise, toda a aproximação de um modelo de negócio energético a explorar por uma ESCO. O presente trabalho, realizado no âmbito da parceria entre a Gebio e a Confraria do Bom Jesus, tem por objectivo demonstrar as bases do contracto de performance entre uma empresa ESCO (Gebio – empresa concessionária do projecto) e um complexo de hotéis (constituído pelo Hotel do Lago, Hotel do Parque e Hotel do Templo), com vista a optimizar os consumos energéticos para a produção de energia térmica capaz de corresponder às necessidades do complexo. Foi desenvolvido um estudo completo das necessidades térmicas do complexo, com vista a projectar uma solução integrada de produção de energia térmica, com recurso a uma caldeira de biomassa, para os hotéis. Foi realizado um levantamento extensivo dos consumos e custos energético do complexo, nomeadamente para as águas quentes sanitárias. Desta análise obtiveram-se os custos reais do sistema e com os mesmos foi possível, numa primeira fase, elaborar os diversos projectos, hidráulico, eléctricos e civil, de forma a se definir a solução base e quais os orçamentos previstos para a instalação de um sistema de produção a biomassa, e numa segunda fase foi estudada a viabilidade da assinatura de um contracto de performance entre a ESCO e o complexo de hotéis.

Architecture to Support Quality of Service in Arrowhead Systems

Presented at INForum - Simpósio de Informática (INFORUM 2015). 7 to 8, Sep, 2015. Covilhã, Portugal.

Acute Bivalvular Left-Sided Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis with Cardiac, Cerebral, Renal and Septic Complications

Infective endocarditis (IE) is now rare in developed countries, but its prevalence is higher in elderly patients with prosthetic valves, diabetes, renal impairment, or heart failure. An increase in health-care associated IE (HCAIE) has been observed due to invasive maneuvers (30% of cases). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus are the most common agents in HCAIE, causing high mortality and morbidity. We review complications of IE and its therapy, based on a patient with acute bivalvular left-sided MRSA IE and a prosthetic aortic valve, aggravated by congestive heart failure, stroke, acute immune complex glomerulonephritis, Candida parapsilosis fungémia and death probably due to Serratia marcescens sepsis. The HCAIE was assumed to be related to three temporally associated in-hospital interventions considered as possible initial etiological mechanisms: overcrowding in the hospital environment,iv quinolone therapy and red blood cell transfusion. Later in the clinical course,C. parapsilosis and S. marcescens septicemia were considered to be possible secondary etiological mechanisms of HCAIE.

Soft tissue abscess and lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium avium Complex as an expression of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after a second scheme of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an atypical and unexpected reaction related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. IRIS includes an atypical response to an opportunistic pathogen (generally Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, cytomegalovirus and herpes varicella-zoster), in patients responding to HAART with a reduction of plasma viral load and evidence of immune restoration based on increase of CD4+ T-cell count. We reported a case of a patient with AIDS which, after a first failure of HAART, developed a subcutaneous abscess and supraclavicular lymphadenitis as an expression of IRIS due to Mycobacterium avium complex after starting a second scheme of HAART.

Run-time Monitoring Architecture for RealTime Systems

Presented at INForum - Simpósio de Informática (INFORUM 2015). 7 to 8, Sep, 2015. Portugal.

Multi-agent simulation of competitive electricity markets: Autonomous systems cooperation for European market modeling

The electricity market restructuring, and its worldwide evolution into regional and even continental scales, along with the increasing necessity for an adequate integration of renewable energy sources, is resulting in a rising complexity in power systems operation. Several power system simulators have been developed in recent years with the purpose of helping operators, regulators, and involved players to understand and deal with this complex and constantly changing environment. The main contribution of this paper is given by the integration of several electricity market and power system models, respecting to the reality of different countries. This integration is done through the development of an upper ontology which integrates the essential concepts necessary to interpret all the available information. The continuous development of Multi-Agent System for Competitive Electricity Markets platform provides the means for the exemplification of the usefulness of this ontology. A case study using the proposed multi-agent platform is presented, considering a scenario based on real data that simulates the European Electricity Market environment, and comparing its performance using different market mechanisms. The main goal is to demonstrate the advantages that the integration of various market models and simulation platforms have for the study of the electricity markets’ evolution.

Strange Dynamics in a Fractional Derivative of Complex-Order Network of Chaotic Oscillators

We study the peculiar dynamical features of a fractional derivative of complex-order network. The network is composed of two unidirectional rings of cells, coupled through a "buffer" cell. The network has a Z3 × Z5 cyclic symmetry group. The complex derivative Dα±jβ, with α, β ∈ R+ is a generalization of the concept of integer order derivative, where α = 1, β = 0. Each cell is modeled by the Chen oscillator. Numerical simulations of the coupled cell system associated with the network expose patterns such as equilibria, periodic orbits, relaxation oscillations, quasiperiodic motion, and chaos, in one or in two rings of cells. In addition, fixing β = 0.8, we perceive differences in the qualitative behavior of the system, as the parameter c ∈ [13, 24] of the Chen oscillator and/or the real part of the fractional derivative, α ∈ {0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0}, are varied. Some patterns produced by the coupled system are constrained by the network architecture, but other features are only understood in the light of the internal dynamics of each cell, in this case, the Chen oscillator. What is more important, architecture and/or internal dynamics?

Fate Hazardous elements in soils surrounding a coal-fired power plant complex

Proceedings of the 13th International UFZ-Deltares Conference on Sustainable Use and Management of Soil, Sediment and Water Resources - 9–12 June 2015 • Copenhagen, Denmark

Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Newborns: Influences of Prenatal Testosterone and Maternal Environment

Introduction: The 2D:4D digit ratio is sexually-dimorphic, probably due to testosterone action through the perinatal period. We characterize the 2D:4D ratio in newborn (NB) infants, in between the pre- and postnatal surges of testosterone, and relate it to the mother's 2D:4D and to testosterone levels in the amniotic fluid (AF). Subjects and methods: Testosterone was assayed in samples of maternal plasma and AF collected at amniocentesis. Shortly after birth, 106 NBs and their mothers were measured for 2D:4D ratio. Results: NB males had lower mean 2D:4D ratios than females but this dimorphism was significant only for the left hand (males: 0.927; females: 0.950; p=0.004). Mothers who had sons had lower 2D:4D ratios than those who had daughters and the mother's 2D:4D were higher than those of NBs regardless of sex. Both hands of NB females were negatively correlated with AF testosterone and positively correlated with the mother's 2D:4D, but males showed no significant associations. Maternal plasma testosterone also showed a negative weak correlation with NB's digit ratio in both sexes. Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism at birth was only significant for the left hand, in contrast with reports of greater right hand dimorphism, suggesting that postnatal testosterone is determinant for 2D:4D stabilization. The lower 2D:4D ratios in mothers who had sons support claims that hormone levels in parents are influential for determining their children's sex. NB female's digit ratio, but not males', was associated to the level of AF testosterone. The mother's 2D:4D ratios were positively correlated with their daughters' 2D:4D, but the same was not observed for male NBs, suggesting that prenatal testosterone levels in male fetus lead their 2D:4D ratios to stray from their mothers' with high individual variability.

On the analysis of data emerging in non-linear and complex systemscomparison of two X-Ray prony spectra

New arguments proving that successive (repeated) measurements have a memory and actually remember each other are presented. The recognition of this peculiarity can change essentially the existing paradigm associated with conventional observation in behavior of different complex systems and lead towards the application of an intermediate model (IM). This IM can provide a very accurate fit of the measured data in terms of the Prony's decomposition. This decomposition, in turn, contains a small set of the fitting parameters relatively to the number of initial data points and allows comparing the measured data in cases where the “best fit” model based on some specific physical principles is absent. As an example, we consider two X-ray diffractometers (defined in paper as A- (“cheap”) and B- (“expensive”) that are used after their proper calibration for the measuring of the same substance (corundum a-Al2O3). The amplitude-frequency response (AFR) obtained in the frame of the Prony's decomposition can be used for comparison of the spectra recorded from (A) and (B) - X-ray diffractometers (XRDs) for calibration and other practical purposes. We prove also that the Fourier decomposition can be adapted to “ideal” experiment without memory while the Prony's decomposition corresponds to real measurement and can be fitted in the frame of the IM in this case. New statistical parameters describing the properties of experimental equipment (irrespective to their internal “filling”) are found. The suggested approach is rather general and can be used for calibration and comparison of different complex dynamical systems in practical purposes.

Influence of Hydroxypropyl- β -Cyclodextrin on the Photostability of Fungicide Pyrimethanil

Pesticides continue to play an important role in pest management. However, the intensive pesticide application has triggered several environment negative effects that cannot be disregarded. In this study, the inclusion complex of pyrimethanil with HP- β -CD has been prepared and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The formation of the pyrimethanil/HP- β -CD inclusion complex increased the aqueous solubility of this fungicide around five times. To assess the influence of microencapsulation on the environmental photostability of the fungicide, the photochemical degradation of pyrimethanil and pyrimethanil/HP- β -CD inclusion complex has been investigated in different aqueous media such as ultrapure and river water under simulated solar irradiation. The studies allow concluding that pyrimethanil/HP- β -CD inclusion complex increases significantly the photostability of the fungicide in aqueous solutions, especially in natural water. Actually, the half-life of pyrimethanil/HP- β -CD inclusion complex was increased approximately by a factor of four when compared to the free fungicide. The overall results point out that pyrimethanil can be successfully encapsulated by HP- β -CD, a process that can improve its solubility and photostability properties.

Experimental characterization of the out-of-plane performance of regular stone masonry walls, including test setups and axial load influence

Stone masonry is one of the oldest and most worldwide used building techniques. Nevertheless, the structural response of masonry structures is complex and the effective knowledge about their mechanical behaviour is still limited. This fact is particularly notorious when dealing with the description of their out-of-plane behaviour under horizontal loadings, as is the case of the earthquake action. In this context, this paper describes an experimental program, conducted in laboratory environment, aiming at characterizing the out-of-plane behaviour of traditional unreinforced stone masonry walls. In the scope of this campaign, six full-scale sacco stone masonry specimens were fully characterised regarding their most important mechanic, geometric and dynamic features and were tested resorting to two different loading techniques under three distinct vertical pre-compression states; three of the specimens were subjected to an out-of-plane surface load by means of a system of airbags and the remaining were subjected to an out-of-plane horizontal line-load at the top. From the experiments it was possible to observe that both test setups were able to globally mobilize the out-of-plane response of the walls, which presented substantial displacement capacity, with ratios of ultimate displacement to the wall thickness ranging between 26 and 45 %, as well as good energy dissipation capacity. Finally, very interesting results were also obtained from a simple analytical model used herein to compute a set of experimental-based ratios, namely between the maximum stability displacement and the wall thickness for which a mean value of about 60 % was found.

Sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Parque do Sabiá complex, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Between April 2003 and May 2009 phlebotomine sandflies were collected in Parque do Sabiá complex, Uberlândia municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using CDC and Shannon traps. The objective was to associate the sandfly species captured to the risk of the transmission of leishmaniasis in the municipality. The 126 captured specimens belonging to six species of phlebotomine, among which Lutzomyia (Psychodopygus) davisi (Root, 1934) predominated with 113 specimens (89.7%). The remaining captured species were Lutzomyia (Pintomyia) mamedei Oliveira, Afonso, Dias & Brazil, 1994 - five specimens (3.9%); Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) flaviscutellata (Mangabeira, 1942) - four specimens (3.2%); Lutzomyia lenti (Mangabeira, 1938) - two specimens (1.6%); Brumptomyia avellari (Costa Lima, 1932) - one specimen (0.8%); and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) - one specimen (0.8%). The collection of species that may be involved in the transmission of Leishmania reveals the need for continuous entomological surveillance.

Parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: an approach in public health

This research aimed to describe the frequency of parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. One hundred and five stool samples were collected and processed by the coproparasitological techniques ethyl acetate sedimentation and centrifuge-flotation using saturated sugar solution. Parasites were detected in 81.9% of the samples, hookworm being the most prevalent, followed by Trichuris vulpis. Ascaris sp. eggs were also found. A high level of evolutive forms of parasites with public health risk was found in stool samples of the environment studied. We propose that health education programs, allied to an improvement of human and animal health care, must be employed to reduce the environmental contamination.

Desenvolvimento e Controlo de um Veículo Autónomo Aéreo Quadrotor

A crescente necessidade de meios de inspecção e recolha de informação de infraestruturas e do meio ambiente natural, origina o recurso a meios tecnológicos cada vez mais evoluídos. Neste contexto, os robôs móveis autónomos aéreos surgem como uma ferramenta importante. Em particular, os veículos aéreos de asa móvel, pela sua manobrabilidade e controlo podem-se utilizar eficazmente em meios complexos como cenários interiores onde o ambiente é parcialmente controlado. A sua utilização em coordenação com outros veículos robóticos móveis e em particular com a crescente autonomia de decisão, permitem uma eficiência elevada, por exemplo, em tarefas de recolha automática de informação, vigilância, apoio a comunicações, etc. A inexistência de um veículo autónomo de asa móvel no cenário multi-robótico desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Sistemas Autónomos do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, aliada às suas aplicações referidas, criou a necessidade do desenvolvimento de um veículo desta gama. Identificou-se, pois, o desenvolvimento de um veículo autónomo aéreo do tipo quadrotor com capacidade de vôo base estabilizado como o problema a resolver. Foi efectuado um levantamento de requisitos do sistema, a caracterização de um veículo autónomo aéreo Vertical Take-off and Landing - VTOL, e efectuado um trabalho de pesquisa a fim de possibilitar o conhecimento das técnicas e tecnologias envolvidas. Tendo em vista o objectivo de controlo e estabilização do veículo, foi efectuada a modelização do sistema que serviu não só para a melhor compreensão da sua dinâmica mas também para o desenvolvimento de um simulador que possibilitou a validação de estratégias de controlo e avaliação de comportamentos do veículo para diferentes cenários. A inexistência de controladores de motores brushless adequada (frequência de controlo), originou o desenvolvimento de um controlador dedicado para motores brushless, motores esses utilizados para a propulsão do veículo. Este controlador permite uma taxa de controlo a uma frequência de 20KHz, possui múltiplas interfaces de comunicação (CAN, RS232, Ethernet, SPI e JTAG), é de reduzido peso e dimensões e modular, visto ter sido implementado em dois módulos, i.e., permite a sua utilização com diferentes interfaces de potência. Projectou-se um veículo autónomo aéreo em termos físicos com a definição da sua arquitectura de hardware e software bem como o sistema de controlo de vôo. O sistema de estabilização de vôo compreende o processamento de informação fornecida por um sistema de navegação inercial, um sonar e o envio de referências de velocidade para cada um dos nós de controlo ligados a um barramento CAN instalado no veículo. A implementação do veículo foi alcançada nas suas vertentes mecânica, de hardware e software. O UAV foi equipado com um sistema computacional dotando-o de capacidades para o desempenho de tarefas previamente analisadas. No presente trabalho, são também tiradas algumas conclusões sobre o desenvolvimento do sistema e sua implementação bem como perspectivada a sua evolução futura no contexto de missões coordenadas de múltiplos veículos robóticos.