Boas práticas de regulação dos prestadores públicos de serviços de água e esgoto

Incluye bibliografía.

Análise comparativa de variáveis biomecânicas entre as mulheres idosas caidoras e não caidoras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Investigação da presença do vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas em leucemia linfóide aguda na infância

Os vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas do tipo I e II (HLTV-I/II) apresentam genoma de ácido ribonucléico (RNA) e infectam geralmente células CD4+, com relação endêmica em determinadas áreas como Japão e Caribe com predomínio maior ou menor em outras regiões; na Amazônia brasileira as pesquisas estão correlacionadas principalmente à população indígena. Estes vírus estão associados a doenças malígnas, desordens neurológicas e imunodeficiências, ocasionando viremia por longo período, sem manifestações clínicas. O HTLV é considerado agente etiógico da Leucemia/ linfoma de célula T do adulto (L/LTA) e Parapasemia espática tropical/Mielopatia associada ao HTLV-I (PET/HAM) dentre outras. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a presença de HTLV e determinar o tipo mais freqüente (HTLV-I ou HTLV-II) em crianças com Leucemia Linfóide Aguda, matriculadas no serviço de referência para Câncer em Belém, observando a via de transmissão pelo aleitamento materno, os sintomas neurológcas relacionados com a infecção a revisão bibliográfica pertinente. A pesquisa dos vírus foi realizada pela técnica de PCR (Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase), que permite a distinção entre HTLV-I e HTLV-II. Foram observados os parâmetros de idade, sexo, lesões cutâneas, marcha e transfusão sanguínea através de porcentagens. O HTLV-I foi positivo em uma criança do sexo feminino, sem relação com transmissão por aleitamento materno, e não houve o envolvimento do HTLV como agente etiológico de neoplasia de células linfóide na faixa etária pediátrica.

Caracterização do grupo Edessa rufomarginata e descrição de sete novas espécies (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Edessinae)

Neste trabalho é proposto o grupo Edessa rufomarginata, que inclui E. rufomarginata (De Geer, 1773), E. marginalis (Dallas, 1851), E. albomarginata (Stål, 1855), E. abdominalis Erichson, 1848, E. corallipes Erichson, 1848, E. aulacosterna Stål, 1872, E. ovalis Stål, 1872 e E. nigropunctata Berg, 1884. São descritas sete novas espécies pertencentes ao grupo, seis do Brasil e uma da Argentina: E. brasiliensis sp. nov., E. castaneolineata sp. nov., E. cerradensis sp. nov., E. chapadensis sp. nov., E. luteovenulata sp. nov., E. rufodorsata sp. nov. (Argentina) e E. virididorsata sp. nov. As espécies deste grupo ocorrem na Venezuela, Suriname, Guiana, Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina.

A construção simbólica do espaço através da representação geográfica nos símbolos nacionais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relação entre depressão e desequilíbrio postural em idosos que sofreram acidente vascular encefálico

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of stroke it increases with the aging and each successive decade above 55 years leads to a doubling of stroke incidence. Among the current complications of stroke are the unbalance postural and depression. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and correlate the postural balance and depression in elderly with and without stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 38 subjects (19 with stroke and 19 without). The balance was evaluated by Berg Balance Scale and the depression by Yesavage Depression Scale. RESULTS: Elderly with stroke presented depression when compared with elderly without the disease (p < 0.0001). The risk of falling in elderly with stroke was 102 times higher than in elderly without stroke. There was a correlation between depression and balance (r = -0.55; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with sequels of stroke have unbalance and greater depression, when compared with elderly of same age without the disease.

Influência do fortalecimento muscular no equilíbrio e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of muscle strengthening in the balance, mobility and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to check the correlation between muscle strengthening and QoL. Nine subjects belonging to both sexes, diagnosed with PD, participated in this study. Initially, they went through an evaluation of their balance and functional mobility through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the ­Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and a QoL test through the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). The subjects also performed a test for determining the maximum load (one-repetition maximum) for the muscle groups trained. After the normality and homogeneity of the data were verified, the Student's t-test and Spearman correlation test were carried out. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered. We verified an improvement in balance (p=0.008) and QoL (p=0.013), and a negative correlation between balance and QoL (evaluation: r=-0.65 and p=0.05, revaluation: r=-0.82 and p=0.005). It was concluded that muscle strengthening was efficient in the improvement of balance and QoL in individuals with PD.

Influência de protocolos de treino de equilíbrio no desempenho funcional de idosas com osteoporose

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Variabilidade fenótipica e interação com polinizadores ao longo de um gradiente latitudinal em Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Benefits of Multimodal Exercise Intervention for Postural Control and Frontal Cognitive Functions in Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease: A Controlled Trial

Objective To verify the effects of a systematized multimodal exercise intervention program on frontal cognitive function, postural control, and functional capacity components of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD).DesignNonrandomized controlled trial with pre- and posttraining tests in a training group and a control group.SettingKinesiotherapy program for seniors with AD, SAo Paulo State University.ParticipantsConvenience sample of older adults with AD (n=30) were assigned to a training (n=14; aged 78.67.1) and a control (n=16; aged 77.06.3) group.InterventionThe intervention program was structured with the aim of simultaneously promoting better balance and frontal cognitive capacity. The participants attended a 1-hour session three times a week for 16weeks, whereas the control group did not participate in any activity during the same period.MeasurementsFrontal cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Clock Drawing Test, the Frontal Assessment Battery, and the Symbol Search Subtest. Postural control (center of pressure area) was analyzed under four dual-task conditions. Functional capacity components were analyzed using the Timed Up and Go Test, the 30-second sit-to-stand test, the sit-and-reach test, and the Berg Functional Balance Scale.ResultsIntervention group participants showed a significant increase in frontal cognitive function (P<.001, partial (2)=0.838), with less body sway (P=.04, partial (2)=0.04) during the dual tasks, and greater functional capacity (P=.001, partial (2)=0.676) after the 16-week period.ConclusionIntervention participants performed better on dual-task activities and had better postural balance and greater functional capacity than controls.

Determinação das alterações biomecânicas de idosos caidores e não caidores submetidos a protocolo incremental de fadiga

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

Relação entre projeção do centro de gravidade e equilíbrio em idosos

During the aging process, increase the postural asymmetries that can affect the control mechanism of balance leading to falls. To evaluate the static posture of elderly; measure the balance and correlate the results of the posture with balance. The study involved 28 elderly patients, 13 males and 15 females (71.8 ± 5.7 years). The volunteers were photographed, the images transferred to a computer for evaluation of static posture and calculating the projection of the center of gravity in the frontal and sagittal planes using the Postural Assessment Software. The balance was assessed by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Correlations were performed by Spearman test (p ≤ 0.05). Data were presented as mean ± standart deviation (SD). BBS scores = 50.5 ± 3.3; the sagittal plane (anterior asymmetry) = 45.5 ± 11.1%; frontal plane (right or left asymmetry) = 9.8 ± 7.9. We found a correlation between BBS and asymmetry of the sagittal plane (r = -0.46, p = 0.01) and between BBS and asymmetry of the frontal plane (r = -0.41, p = 0.03). The data suggest that the higher the previous projection (asymmetry of the sagittal plane) and lateral projection (asymmetry of the frontal plane), scores of the BBs will be lower, indicating an increase of unbalance in elderly.

Equilíbrio funcional em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson e sua relação com a qualidade de vida

Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by a set of four motor symptoms: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. These defi cits may predispose individuals to limitations resulting from falls and their secondary consequences. Objective: To evaluate the functional balance and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with PD and determine whether there is correlation between performance on tests of balance with the QoL. Method: The project was referred to the Ethics Committee in Research of Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” Campus de Marília and was approved under protocol number 1806/09. Participated in this study with individuals diagnosed with PD between levels one and four in the Hoen and Yahr scale. The subjects were evaluated according to functional balance and QoL, respectively by the instruments: Functional Balance Scale Berg (EEFB), Time Up and Go test (TUG), and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39). To perform the statistical analysis used the GraphPad Prism 5. To perform the correlation analysis for the variables passed normality by the Shapiro-Wilk. Since the variables were non-parametric test was used Spearman. During the analysis the statistical signifi cance level was considered p ≤ 0, 05. Results: We studied 25 individuals aged between 54 and 85 years (71.20 ± 8.50), time of diagnosis between one and 39 years (6.54 ± 7.71) disease. Moderate correlation was found between the EEFB with QoL (r =- 0.6), and TUG with QoL (r = 0.6836). Among the aspects of QoL balance showed a higher correlation with the domains “mobility” (TUG r = 0, 6768; EEFB r = -0.6155) and “Activities of daily living” (TUG r = 0, 7357, and EEFB r = -0.6521). Conclusion: Patients with Parkinson’s disease show defi cits in balance and QoL. The balance disorders have a high correlation among themselves and show how aspects of QoL.

Correlação entre equilíbrio, assimetria de passos e descarga de peso em indivíduos hemiparéticos

Introduction: Hemiparesis is the most common sequels after Stroke. One of the side effects of the motor skills evident in hemiparesis is the tendency to remain in asymmetric posture, with lower distribution of weight on the side hemiparetic, which ends up leading to a deficit in balance. This set of changes can cause an asymmetrical type of gait, marked by difference between the lengths of the steps these individuals. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the balance, the discharge of weight in the lower limbs and asymmetry of steps in hemiparetic individuals and sees if there is correlation between those variables. Method: A group of 12 hemiparetic individuals (55,33 ± 8,92 years), both sex, who suffered from strokes participated. All subjects performed the assessment of bilateral discharge of weight, the length of the steps and balance (Berg Balance Scale). The results for the difference in the discharge of weight of the lower limbs, asymmetry of the step and the performance on the test of balance were analyzed using the Sperman Correlation Coefficient with a significance level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Results: We found a significant correlation between balance and asymmetry of the steps (R = -0.72 and p = 0007), however, found no significant correlation between discharge of weight on each leg and the symmetry of the steps (R =- 0.07 and p = 0, 81) and between discharge of weight and balance (R =- 0.08 and p = 0.79) in these hemiparetic individuals. Conclusion: Can be conclude that hemiparetic individuals of these study show deficits in balance, difference in weight between the discharge of the lower limbs and asymmetry of step and correlation between the asymmetry of the step and balance.

Comparação do equilíbrio e qualidade de vida entre idosos institucionalizados e não-institucionalizados

Introduction: the improvements on the health area increased the brazilians life expectative. Because of it, more people becomes elder, passing through various common processes of aging, as the balance decrease. Resulting form this the risk of fall increase, and this has a negative impact on the quality of life. As more people become elder the institutionalization tax increase. Objectives: compare the balance and quality of life between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders; correlate the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) with the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and with the questionnaire “The Medical Outcome Study 36 – Item Short-Form Health Survey” (SF-36). Methods: were evaluated 20 elders, ten institutionalized (GI) and ten non-institutionalized (GNI). To the balance assessment were used the BBS and the TUG, the quality of life was evaluated using the SF-36. The signifi cance level was set to 5% (p<0,05). The GraphPad Prism 5# was used to analyze the data. To identify the distribution of the data was applied the Shapiro-Wilk test. In the comparison between groups, the normal distributed data were analyzed with the Unpaired Student t test. The non-normal distributed data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test. The correlations were analyzed with the Pearson (normal data) and Spearman’s (non-normal data) tests. Results: the age average for each group was 72,8±8,36 years (GI) e 67,4±3,53 years (GNI). The GNI had a better performance than the GI in the BBS (*p=0,0017) as in the TUG (*p<0,0002). There wasn’t difference between the quality of life. There was correlation between EEB and TUG (-0,8907 for the GI and -0,7180 for the GNI) and between EEB and the functional capacity domain from the SF-36 (0,7657). Conclusion: the non-institutionalized elders presented best balance. It was found good correlation between TUG and BBS. In the studied sample, to be institutionalized didn’t infl uenced the quality of life.