Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 022]

A Comissão de Sistematização da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC), responsável por redigir o texto da Carta Constitucional, realizou a Primeira Reunião Ordinária com o objetivo de definir o programa de trabalho. A Comissão tem como presidente o Senador Afonso Arinos (PFL-RJ), como relator o Deputado Bernardo Cabral (PMDB-AM) e outros 47 constituintes titulares. As oito comissões devem entregar, até o dia 15 de julho de 1988, o texto com a conclusão dos seus trabalhos à Comissão de Sistematização para que seja elaborado o texto definitivo. O Deputado Milton Reis (PMDB-MG) observa a importância do consenso, entre temas divergentes, no texto final da Constituição. Na Subcomissão de Tributos, Participação e Distribuição das Receitas, Geraldo Ataliba, professor de direito tributário da USP, explica a importância de uma revisão em todos os impostos e taxas. O Deputado Fernando Bezerra (PMDB-PE) defende a redistribuição do sistema tributário brasileiro. Na Subcomissão dos Direitos e Garantias Individuais, José Calixto Ramos, presidente da CTI, defende a autonomia sindical. A Subcomissão dos Direitos e Garantias Individuais, o professor Cândido Mendes pede aos constituintes a criação de mecanismos de autodefesa da sociedade: a ação popular e a defensoria pública.

室温铁磁性半导体Mn_xGa_(1-x)Sb

采用离子注入、离子沉积及后期退火方法制备了稀磁半导体单晶Mn_xGa_(1-x)Sb，在室温下（300 K）获得了单晶的磁滞回线。用X射线衍射方法分析了铁磁性半导体单晶Mn_xGa_(1-x)Sb的结构，用电化学C-V法分析了单晶的载流子浓度分布。由X射线衍射得知，Mn_xGa_(1-x)Sb中Mn含量逐渐由近表面处的x = 0.09下降到晶片内部的x = 0。电化学C-V测得单晶的空穴浓度高达1 * 10~(21)cm~(-3)，表明Mn_xGa_(1-x)Sb单晶中大部分Mn原子占据Ga位，起受主作用。

Manifesto do Reyno de Portugal : no qual se declara o direito a causas, & o modo, que teve para eximirse da obediencia del Rey de Castella, & tomar a voz do Serenissimo Dom Ioam IV, do nome, & XVIII, entre os Reys verdadeiros deste Reyno

O século XVII foi, para Portugal, um tempo de lutas. Tanto na Europa como no Brasil e na África. Foi, ainda, um período de reorganização jurídica e econômica da sociedade. Para Portugal, o principal acontecimento do século foi a restauração da sua monarquia por Dom João IV, através de uma guerra com a Espanha, em 1640. A guerra com a Espanha foi objeto de relações e notícias, que são as primeiras manifestações do jornalismo em língua portuguesa. O primeiro documento oficial da Restauração foi o “Manifesto do Reyno de Portugal”, que apresenta a argumentação jurídica em favor do que foi , na realidade, um golpe de estado contra a coroa espanhola.

System requirement report for ‘Level 2’: national management institutions, Fisheries Department in Cambodia

(51 p.)

Ground-water resources of Collier County, Florida

The Biscayne Aquifer is the principal source of water for the heavily populated area in the vicinity of West Palm Beach and Miami. The publication of this data is timely and will assist in the intelligent development of the water resources of the area.The report recognizes two major aquifers as the source of ground water in Collier County. The lower aquifer is highly mineralized, but contains usable water, and the more shallow aquifer is the source of large supplies, which are utilized by municipalities and domestic users. Adequate supplies of fresh water are present in the Naples area and by proper planning, these can be developed in an orderly manner and salt water encroachment can be prevented. (PDF has 99 pages)

Legislação brazileira, ou, Collecção chronologica das leis, decretos, resoluções de consulta, provisões, etc., etc., do Império do Brazil, desde o anno de 1808 até 1831 inclusive, contendo : além do que se acha publicado nas melhores collecções, para mais de duas mil peças ineditas colligidas pelo Conselheiro Jose Paulo de Figueirôa Nabuco Araujo

v. 1. ano de 1808 a 1811. 1836 -- v. 2. ano de 1812 a 1818 -- v. 3. ano de 1819 a 1822. 1837 -- v. 4 ano de 1823 a 1824. 1838 -- v. 5. ano a 1826. 1838 -- v. 6. ano de 1827 a 1828. 1841 -- v. 7. ano de 1829 a 1831 e índice. 1844.

Collecção das Leis do Imperio do Brasil de 1840

Parte 1 - Leis

De Rebus, Emmanuelis regis Lusitaniae invictissimi virtute et auspicio gesti libri duodecim

História do reinado de D. Manuel I escrita pelo bispo de Silves, Jerônimo Osório, foi publicada pela primeira vez em 1571, em Lisboa. Esta edição de Colônia é a terceira, de 1581, em excelente estado. A obra tornou-se clássica e teve edições em francês e inglês. Somente saindo em português em 1804.

Collecção das Leis da Republica dos Estados Unidos do Brasil de 1924

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

Image-based delineation and classification of built heritage masonry

[EN]Fundación Zain is developing new built heritage assessment protocols. The goal is to objectivize and standardize the analysis and decision process that leads to determining the degree of protection of built heritage in the Basque Country. The ultimate step in this objectivization and standardization effort will be the development of an information and communication technology (ICT) tool for the assessment of built heritage. This paper presents the ground work carried out to make this tool possible: the automatic, image-based delineation of stone masonry. This is a necessary first step in the development of the tool, as the built heritage that will be assessed consists of stone masonry construction, and many of the features analyzed can be characterized according to the geometry and arrangement of the stones. Much of the assessment is carried out through visual inspection. Thus, this process will be automated by applying image processing on digital images of the elements under inspection. The principal contribution of this paper is the automatic delineation the framework proposed. The other contribution is the performance evaluation of this delineation as the input to a classifier for a geometrically characterized feature of a built heritage object. The element chosen to perform this evaluation is the stone arrangement of masonry walls. The validity of the proposed framework is assessed on real images of masonry walls.

Narrativa de serviços no libertar-se o Brazil da dominação portugueza

Tradução do segundo volume de Narrative of services in the liberation of Chili, Peru and Brazil, from Spanish and Portuguese domination, feita por A.R. Saraiva.

Collecção da legislação portugueza : desde a ultima compilação das ordenações

"Com licença da meza do desembargo do Paço'

Detailed properties of high redshift galaxies

Galaxies evolve throughout the history of the universe from the first star-forming sources, through gas-rich asymmetric structures with rapid star formation rates, to the massive symmetrical stellar systems observed at the present day. Determining the physical processes which drive galaxy formation and evolution is one of the most important questions in observational astrophysics. This thesis presents four projects aimed at improving our understanding of galaxy evolution from detailed measurements of star forming galaxies at high redshift.

We use resolved spectroscopy of gravitationally lensed z ≃ 2 - 3 star forming galaxies to measure their kinematic and star formation properties. The combination of lensing with adaptive optics yields physical resolution of ≃ 100 pc, sufficient to resolve giant Hii regions. We find that ~ 70 % of galaxies in our sample display ordered rotation with high local velocity dispersion indicating turbulent thick disks. The rotating galaxies are gravitationally unstable and are expected to fragment into giant clumps. The size and dynamical mass of giant Hii regions are in agreement with predictions for such clumps indicating that gravitational instability drives the rapid star formation. The remainder of our sample is comprised of ongoing major mergers. Merging galaxies display similar star formation rate, morphology, and local velocity dispersion as isolated sources, but their velocity fields are more chaotic with no coherent rotation.

We measure resolved metallicity in four lensed galaxies at z = 2.0 − 2.4 from optical emission line diagnostics. Three rotating galaxies display radial gradients with higher metallicity at smaller radii, while the fourth is undergoing a merger and has an inverted gradient with lower metallicity at the center. Strong gradients in the rotating galaxies indicate that they are growing inside-out with star formation fueled by accretion of metal-poor gas at large radii. By comparing measured gradients with an appropriate comparison sample at z = 0, we demonstrate that metallicity gradients in isolated galaxies must flatten at later times. The amount of size growth inferred by the gradients is in rough agreement with direct measurements of massive galaxies. We develop a chemical evolution model to interpret these data and conclude that metallicity gradients are established by a gradient in the outflow mass loading factor, combined with radial inflow of metal-enriched gas.

We present the first rest-frame optical spectroscopic survey of a large sample of low-luminosity galaxies at high redshift (L < L*, 1.5 < z < 3.5). This population dominates the star formation density of the universe at high redshifts, yet such galaxies are normally too faint to be studied spectroscopically. We take advantage of strong gravitational lensing magnification to compile observations for a sample of 29 galaxies using modest integration times with the Keck and Palomar telescopes. Balmer emission lines confirm that the sample has a median SFR ∼ 10 M_sun yr^−1 and extends to lower SFR than has been probed by other surveys at similar redshift. We derive the metallicity, dust extinction, SFR, ionization parameter, and dynamical mass from the spectroscopic data, providing the first accurate characterization of the star-forming environment in low-luminosity galaxies at high redshift. For the first time, we directly test the proposal that the relation between galaxy stellar mass, star formation rate, and gas phase metallicity does not evolve. We find lower gas phase metallicity in the high redshift galaxies than in local sources with equivalent stellar mass and star formation rate, arguing against a time-invariant relation. While our result is preliminary and may be biased by measurement errors, this represents an important first measurement that will be further constrained by ongoing analysis of the full data set and by future observations.

We present a study of composite rest-frame ultraviolet spectra of Lyman break galaxies at z = 4 and discuss implications for the distribution of neutral outflowing gas in the circumgalactic medium. In general we find similar spectroscopic trends to those found at z = 3 by earlier surveys. In particular, absorption lines which trace neutral gas are weaker in less evolved galaxies with lower stellar masses, smaller radii, lower luminosity, less dust, and stronger Lyα emission. Typical galaxies are thus expected to have stronger Lyα emission and weaker low-ionization absorption at earlier times, and we indeed find somewhat weaker low-ionization absorption at higher redshifts. In conjunction with earlier results, we argue that the reduced low-ionization absorption is likely caused by lower covering fraction and/or velocity range of outflowing neutral gas at earlier epochs. This result has important implications for the hypothesis that early galaxies were responsible for cosmic reionization. We additionally show that fine structure emission lines are sensitive to the spatial extent of neutral gas, and demonstrate that neutral gas is concentrated at smaller galactocentric radii in higher redshift galaxies.

The results of this thesis present a coherent picture of galaxy evolution at high redshifts 2 ≲ z ≲ 4. Roughly 1/3 of massive star forming galaxies at this period are undergoing major mergers, while the rest are growing inside-out with star formation occurring in gravitationally unstable thick disks. Star formation, stellar mass, and metallicity are limited by outflows which create a circumgalactic medium of metal-enriched material. We conclude by describing some remaining open questions and prospects for improving our understanding of galaxy evolution with future observations of gravitationally lensed galaxies.

The intergalactic and circumgalactic medium surrounding star-forming galaxies at redshifts 2 < z < 3

We present measurements of the spatial distribution, kinematics, and physical properties of gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of 2.0<z<2.8 UV color-selected galaxies as well as within the 2<z<3 intergalactic medium (IGM). These measurements are derived from Voigt profile decomposition of the full Lyα and Lyβ forest in 15 high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio QSO spectra resulting in a catalog of ∼6000 HI absorbers.

Chapter 2 of this thesis focuses on HI surrounding high-z star-forming galaxies drawn from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS). The KBSS is a unique spectroscopic survey of the distant universe designed to explore the details of the connection between galaxies and intergalactic baryons within the same survey volumes. The KBSS combines high-quality background QSO spectroscopy with large densely-sampled galaxy redshift surveys to probe the CGM at scales of ∼50 kpc to a few Mpc. Based on these data, Chapter 2 presents the first quantitative measurements of the distribution, column density, kinematics, and absorber line widths of neutral hydrogen surrounding high-z star-forming galaxies.

Chapter 3 focuses on the thermal properties of the diffuse IGM. This analysis relies on measurements of the ∼6000 absorber line widths to constrain the thermal and turbulent velocities of absorbing "clouds." A positive correlation between the column density of HI and the minimum line width is recovered and implies a temperature-density relation within the low-density IGM for which higher-density regions are hotter, as is predicted by simple theoretical arguments.

Chapter 4 presents new measurements of the opacity of the IGM and CGM to hydrogen-ionizing photons. The chapter begins with a revised measurement of the HI column density distribution based on this new absorption line catalog that, due to the inclusion of high-order Lyman lines, provides the first statistically robust measurement of the frequency of absorbers with HI column densities 14 ≲ log(N_HI/cm^-2) ≲ 17.2. Also presented are the first measurements of the column density distribution of HI within the CGM (50 <d < 300 pkpc) of high-z galaxies. These distributions are used to calculate the total opacity of the IGM and IGM+CGM and to revise previous measurements of the mean free path of hydrogen-ionizing photons within the IGM. This chapter also considers the effect of the surrounding CGM on the transmission of ionizing photons out of the sites of active star-formation and into the IGM.

This thesis concludes with a brief discussion of work in progress focused on understanding the distribution of metals within the CGM of KBSS galaxies. Appendix B discusses my contributions to the MOSFIRE instrumentation project.