Modelo de banco de dados para gerenciamento dos testes de controle de qualidade dos equipamentos de radiologia convencional do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho

Foi elaborado um sistema para gerenciamento informatizado dos testes de controle de qualidade exigidos pela Portaria 453/98 da Secretaria de Vigilância Sanitária do Ministério da Saúde, visando otimizar sua execução, armazenamento e interpretação. Os testes de controle de qualidade são parte do programa de garantia de qualidade que deve ser implantado em toda instalação de radiodiagnóstico médico e odontológico. Para isso, foi elaborado um banco de dados utilizando o programa Microsoft Access®, permitindo comunicação direta com o sistema informatizado de gerenciamento das manutenções dos equipamentos de raios X, em implantação no Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

Banco de imagens mamográficas para treinamento na interpretação de imagens digitais

OBJETIVO: Disponibilizar aos profissionais da radiologia um "software" para treinamento na interpretação de imagens mamográficas em sistemas digitais. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi desenvolvido um "software" em Delphi associado a uma base de dados em Interbase, com a finalidade de armazenar imagens de exames mamográficos associados aos seus laudos em categorias BI-RADS®. As imagens foram previamente qualificadas e digitalizadas em "scanner" a laser Lumiscan 75. O treinamento se faz com imagens apresentadas em monitores comerciais de 17 polegadas, no tamanho 18 × 24 cm. O "software" permite visualizar cada projeção das mamas individualmente, médio-lateral oblíqua e crânio-caudal, ou as quatro imagens simultaneamente. Permite acessar as imagens e os laudos existentes ou interpretar as imagens utilizando o sistema de categorias BI-RADS®, em que o "software" compara o laudo do usuário com as informações do banco de dados, apontando acertos e erros da interpretação. RESULTADOS: O usuário adquire familiaridade com sistemas digitais, laudos em categorias BI-RADS® e aspectos de qualidade do processo gerador das imagens relativo à detecção de fibras e microcalcificações. CONCLUSÃO: O "software" disponível na intranet da Universidade Federal de São Paulo é ferramenta valiosa para os profissionais interessados em sistemas digitais.

Passport to a profession in the degree of pharmacy: how to integrate university students into the real world of work: "Passport to a profession in Pharmacy"

The incorporation of the Spanish university system into the European Higher Education Areahas brought about a series of adaptations. Among the recommendations is the inclusion ofan external training period in a company, which has resulted in significant changes in thedegree syllabus in order to balance the theoretical and practical education required by thestudents. This new framework has been legally confirmed by the Spanish Government and, inthe case of the University of Barcelona, by the publication of internal guidelines. Takingadvantage of this new opportunity to adapt the Pharmacy degree to real-world problems inindustry, the Dean’s team of the Faculty of Pharmacy, with the support of the Facultyadministrative staff and the Students Advisory Service, have assumed the challenge ofincluding a new subject in the syllabus entitled Training in Companies.In parallel, a new activity has been set up to ensure that the students choose the mostsuitable company department/job for them and to help them pass the company interview.Under the name of Passport to a Profession, a series of ten explanatory talks has beenscheduled every academic year. These talks deal with a broad range of topics aimed atproviding the students with the basic tools they will need to make the most of a companytraining period and to make headway in the professional world when they finish theirdegree. In addition, three Faculty of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical company workshops and tworound-table conferences have been held in the last two years in order to bring the universityand industry together. Notably, the project to provide students with company training isexpanding on an international level, with two to three undergraduate students contractedevery year by a United Kingdom-based multinational pharmaceutical company.The statistical data of the whole process has been analysed for a more in-depthunderstanding of the activity and to improve the programme.

DogsON : Aplicació mòbil Android per descobrir les àrees canines més properes i conèixer els gossos que hi ha en temps real

Aquest projecte final de postgrau tracta sobre el desenvolupament de DogsON, una aplicació mòbil per ajudar a les persones que tenen gossos a evitar que el seu gos estigui sol durant les seves hores d'esplai en les àrees canines i parcs habilitats.

Avaliação da função cardíaca por ressonância magnética com seqüências em equilíbrio estável: segmentadas × tempo real

OBJETIVO: Comparar os índices de função sistólica ventricular obtidos entre as seqüências de cine-ressonância magnética em equilíbrio estável, em tempo real e acoplada ao eletrocardiograma, em pacientes com ritmo regular ou não. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram comparados a fração de ejeção e os volumes diastólico e sistólico finais, em 31 pacientes, 11 com ritmo cardíaco irregular e 20 com ritmo cardíaco sinusal regular, utilizando-se seqüências segmentadas acopladas ao eletrocardiograma e em tempo real. O tratamento estatístico foi feito através da correlação de Pearson e a concordância de Bland-Altman, com p < 0,01. RESULTADOS: As aquisições em tempo real demonstraram borramento dos contornos endocárdicos, mas ambas as seqüências tiveram forte correlação positiva entre os valores obtidos: fração de ejeção, r = 0,94; volume diastólico final, r = 0,93; volume sistólico final, r = 0,98. A análise dos 11 pacientes com ritmo irregular não demonstrou diferença estatisticamente significativa, apesar da menor relação de contraste sangue-miocárdio. CONCLUSÃO: Seqüências em tempo real podem ser utilizadas para a análise da função cardíaca, independente do ritmo cardíaco dos pacientes.

Análisis del club Real Madrid a través de la comunicación deportiva

El deporte de masas o el “deporte espectáculo”, tiene dos aspectos: por un lado fortalece lazos internos al estado-nación logrando la visibilidad mundial del mismo al mismo tiempo que genera múltiples beneficios económicos siendo la más importante industria cultural en muchos casos.Nuestro estudio tiene como perspectiva la comparacion con el modelo Chino y s tratamiento del fenómeno deportivo. China ha dedicado siempre múltiples recursos al desarrollo de los deportes pero, en la comunicación deportiva, su avances se encuentra restringido por algunos factores

“Of Spitzenkandidaten and European Leaders”: Is the new 2014 "politicized” Presidency of the Commission going to be a real step forward in the EU legitimization process?

Thanks to ART.17.7 of the Lisbon Treaty, the European Council now has to “take into account” the results of EP Elections when selecting a candidate for the role of Commission President. The European Parliament has grabbed the opportunity to launch the first electoral race for spitzenkandidaten to the Presidency. Is this the start of a new democratizing (and thus, politicizing) process for the European Union? This dissertation will try to give a possible answer to the dilemma by constructing a comprehensive framework around EP Elections 2014 that will involve both the Commission and the Parliament and an analysis of the debate beyond legal provisions and the possibility of a politicized presidency of the Commission.

Wavelets in real-time paper web analysis

Online paper web analysis relies on traversing scanners that criss-cross on top of a rapidly moving paper web. The sensors embedded in the scanners measure many important quality variables of paper, such as basis weight, caliper and porosity. Most of these quantities are varying a lot and the measurements are noisy at many different scales. The zigzagging nature of scanning makes it difficult to separate machine direction (MD) and cross direction (CD) variability from one another. For improving the 2D resolution of the quality variables above, the paper quality control team at the Department of Mathematics and Physics at LUT has implemented efficient Kalman filtering based methods that currently use 2D Fourier series. Fourier series are global and therefore resolve local spatial detail on the paper web rather poorly. The target of the current thesis is to study alternative wavelet based representations as candidates to replace the Fourier basis for a higher resolution spatial reconstruction of these quality variables. The accuracy of wavelet compressed 2D web fields will be compared with corresponding truncated Fourier series based fields.

Aceitabilidade de um futuro banco de objetos simuladores para controle de qualidade em medicina nuclear

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a aceitabilidade para a implantação no Brasil de um banco de objetos simuladores nacional, ou bancos regionais, para uso compartilhado desses objetos em atividades de controle de qualidade nos serviços de medicina nuclear. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as respostas dadas em um questionário que foi enviado a supervisores de radioproteção e físicos médicos de serviços de medicina nuclear do Brasil. Inicialmente, o questionário foi validado por profissionais da cidade de Aracaju, SE, que está localizada no Nordeste. De acordo com as regiões geográficas brasileiras, fizeram parte da amostra investigada: o Nordeste, com respostas de profissionais de 13 serviços de medicina nuclear; o Norte, com 2 profissionais; o Sul, com 7 profissionais; o Sudeste, com 43 profissionais; e o Centro-Oeste, com 2 profissionais. RESULTADOS: Segundo os dados analisados, 82% dos entrevistados consideram que a implantação de um banco de simuladores seria uma alternativa apropriada para o aprimoramento do controle de qualidade em medicina nuclear. O interesse em compartilhar com o banco foi de 87%. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostraram que há motivação para o compartilhamento de objetos simuladores, ou seja, para o uso desses objetos de forma socializada.

Improving the molecular diagnosis of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus infection with a species-specific duplex real-time PCR.

Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus are closely related intracellular bacteria exhibiting different tissue tropism that may cause severe but distinct infection in humans. C. psittaci causes psittacosis, a respiratory zoonotic infection transmitted by birds. C. abortus is an abortigenic agent in small ruminants, which can also colonize the human placenta and lead to foetal death and miscarriage. Infections caused by C. psittaci and C. abortus are underestimated mainly due to diagnosis difficulties resulting from their strict intracellular growth. We developed a duplex real-time PCR to detect and distinguish these two bacteria in clinical samples. The first PCR (PCR1) targeted a sequence of the 16S-23S rRNA operon allowing the detection of both C. psittaci and C. abortus. The second PCR (PCR2) targeted the coding DNA sequence CPSIT_0607 unique to C. psittaci. The two PCRs showed 100 % detection for ≥ 10 DNA copies per reaction (1000 copies ml- 1). Using a set of 120 samples, including bacterial reference strains, clinical specimens and infected cell culture material, we monitored 100 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity for the detection of C. psittaci and C. abortus for PCR1. When PCR1 was positive, PCR2 could discriminate C. psittaci from C. abortus with a positive predictive value of 100 % and a negative predictive value of 88 %. In conclusion, this new duplex PCR represents a low-cost and time-saving method with high-throughput potential, expected to improve the routine diagnosis of psittacosis and pregnancy complication in large-scale screening programs and also during outbreaks.

Modelling the consequences of a reduction in alcohol consumption among patients with alcohol dependence based on real-life observational data.

BACKGROUND: Most available pharmacotherapies for alcohol-dependent patients target abstinence; however, reduced alcohol consumption may be a more realistic goal. Using randomized clinical trial (RCT) data, a previous microsimulation model evaluated the clinical relevance of reduced consumption in terms of avoided alcohol-attributable events. Using real-life observational data, the current analysis aimed to adapt the model and confirm previous findings about the clinical relevance of reduced alcohol consumption. METHODS: Based on the prospective observational CONTROL study, evaluating daily alcohol consumption among alcohol-dependent patients, the model predicted the probability of drinking any alcohol during a given day. Predicted daily alcohol consumption was simulated in a hypothetical sample of 200,000 patients observed over a year. Individual total alcohol consumption (TAC) and number of heavy drinking days (HDD) were derived. Using published risk equations, probabilities of alcohol-attributable adverse health events (e.g., hospitalizations or death) corresponding to simulated consumptions were computed, and aggregated for categories of patients defined by HDDs and TAC (expressed per 100,000 patient-years). Sensitivity analyses tested model robustness. RESULTS: Shifting from >220 HDDs per year to 120-140 HDDs and shifting from 36,000-39,000 g TAC per year (120-130 g/day) to 15,000-18,000 g TAC per year (50-60 g/day) impacted substantially on the incidence of events (14,588 and 6148 events avoided per 100,000 patient-years, respectively). Results were robust to sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: This study corroborates the previous microsimulation modeling approach and, using real-life data, confirms RCT-based findings that reduced alcohol consumption is a relevant objective for consideration in alcohol dependence management to improve public health.

Duration of anticoagulation after venous thromboembolism in real world clinical practice.

INTRODUCTION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) carries a considerable risk of recurrence and anticoagulants should be administered for a minimum of three months. Since little is known about real life management of VTE, we aimed to describe current practice in the secondary prevention of VTE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the database of an international, prospective registry on patients treated for VTE, RIETE, information was collected on risk factors for VTE and bleeding, anticoagulant treatment, and clinical outcomes during follow up. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of treatment duration. RESULTS: Of 6944 patients with a first episode of VTE 41.1% had unprovoked VTE, 31.8% had transient risk factors, 27.1% had cancer. After the exclusion of patients who died during the first year of observation, the rate of patients treated for >12 months was 55.1%, 41.9%, and 43.2%, respectively (p<0.001). Pulmonary embolism at presentation, recurrence while on treatment, chronic heart failure and age >65 years were independently associated with treatment for >12 months. Body weight <75 kg, anemia, cancer, and the presence of transient risk factors were associated with treatment for 12 months or less. Major bleeding occurred more frequently than recurrent VTE in patients with VTE secondary to transient risk factors and cancer; fatal bleeding was more frequent than fatal recurrent PE in all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: We observed heterogeneous duration of anticoagulant treatment for the secondary prevention of VTE. A substantial proportion of patients, in particular those with VTE secondary to transient risk factors, may be exposed to a possibly unnecessary risk of bleeding.

Aplicación del aprendizaje servicio en el Banco de Sangre y Tejidos

El trabajo que se presenta es el resultado del diseño y aplicación de un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio. Hace seis años, el Banco de Sangre y Tejidos de Cataluña, en colaboración con el GREM (Grup de Recerca d'Educació Moral) llevó a cabo un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio con el propósito de crear conciencia social entre los niños y adolescentes sobre la importancia de la donación de sangre, así como de aumentar el número de donantes de sangre entre las generaciones presentes y futuras. Varias actividades de marketing y promoción se llevaron a cabo durante todas las fases del proyecto (partenariado, aprendizaje, servicio, evaluación y reconocimiento). Desde el año 2007 hasta 2012, se involucraron 15.397 participantes de 138 centros educativos, captando 14.258 donaciones. El éxito de este proyecto proviene no sólo del aumento en el número de entidades y personas involucradas, sino también de la movilización y conciencia de los niños y jóvenes sobre la importancia de la donación de sangre. A partir de su participación activa, los jóvenes perciben los resultados de sus acciones individuales en las que dan servicio a la comunidad obteniendo un impacto social tangible. Los datos presentados fueron obtenidos a través de cuestionarios, entrevistas personales, reuniones con los participantes y diarios de campo.

Diffantom: Whole-Brain Diffusion MRI Phantoms Derived from Real Datasets of the Human Connectome Project.

Food allergies are believed to be on the rise and currently management relies on the avoidance of the food. Hen's egg allergy is after cow's milk allergy the most common food allergy; eggs are used in many food products and thus difficult to avoid. A technological process using a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and heat treatment was designed to produce modified hen's egg with reduced allergenic potential. Biochemical (SDS-PAGE, Size exclusion chromatography and LC-MS/MS) and immunological (ELISA, immunoblot, RBL-assays, animal model) analysis showed a clear decrease in intact proteins as well as a strong decrease of allergenicity. In a clinical study, 22 of the 24 patients with a confirmed egg allergy who underwent a double blind food challenge with the hydrolysed egg remained completely free of symptoms. Hydrolysed egg products may be beneficial as low allergenic foods for egg allergic patients to extent their diet. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Criterios de Selección de Proveedores de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones en el Sector Financiero consecuencias de su Aplicación y Estudio de un Caso Real

Peer-reviewed