Acidez do solo afetando concentração de micronutrientes, atividade da enzima nitrato redutase e produtividade em plantas de arroz de terras altas

The lowest grain yield of rice under no-tillage system (NTS) in relation to the conventional system may be due to the predominance nitrate in the soil and the low nitrate reductase activity. Another reason may be caused by micronutrient deficiency because of superficially soil acidity corrections. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the changes caused by soil pH in the N forms in the soil, micronutrients concentration in rice plants, nitrate reductase activity, yield of rice and its components. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was a completely randomized in a factorial three (levels of soil acidity) x five (micronutrients sources) with four replications. The addition of micronutrients does not affect levels of nitrate and ammonium in the soil; soil acidity significantly affects levels of nitrate and ammonium in the soil, concentration of micronutrients in rice plants and crop yield and its components; medium soil acidity (pH 5.5) result in medium to high levels of Cu and Fe, medium level of Zn and Mn, high nitrate reductase activity, resulting in higher dry matter, tillers, panicles, spikelets, weight of 100 grains and hence grain yield.

Acúmulo de silício na parte aérea de cultivares de arroz de terras altas afetado pela aplicação de silicato e carbonato no solo

Even the element silicon being the most uptake by rice plant, many benefit effect like: increase of pest and disease tolerance, decrease of lost of water by transpiration and better the leaf architecture becoming the leafs more erect, resulting as well at the better photosynthesis efficacy. There is not too much knowledge about the uptake march in upland rice plants. This study aimed to evaluate the content of silicon in two upland rice cultivars by the influence of the application of silicate and limestone at the soil. The experiment was carried in Hapludox soil in a completely randomized experimental design in 2x2x7 factorial scheme in four replications. The treatments were consisted of calcium silicate fertilizer and limestone in interaction with seven period of physiological stage, using the upland rice cultivars Caiapo and Maravilha. At the cultivar Maravilha Si accumulation begin from tillering and achieve it better value at the microsporogenesis, while the Caiapo cultivar, occurs between tillering until the mily grain. Caiapo shows efficient Si accumulation when it was supplied to the soil. Plant organs that more accumulated silicon in both upland rice cultivars followed decreased order: stem > leaf > panicle.

Regiões de procedência de abacaxi para a Ceagesp de São Paulo e análises qualitativa, comparativa e das causas da valoração dos frutos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Gesso aplicado na superfície do solo no desenvolvimento do arroz de terras altas sob plantio direto

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Programa de Atenção ao aluno Precoce com Comportamentos de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (PAPAHS)

This paper describes a Precocious Student Attention Program With High Abilities/Giftedness Behaviors developed since 2011 at Júlio Mesquita Filho Philosophy and Sciences São Paulo State University, located in the city of Marília/SP/Brazil. Based on Joseph Renzulli's three rings theory, the authors describe how they organized the process of identification and evaluation of the precocious children with giftedness behaviors that attend the program. Based on Joseph Renzulli's Enrichment Triad Model, the authors categorize the students and give an account of the enrichment activities that are developed alongside with the students and their respective guardians. It is concluded that programs of this nature serve this still little recognized category of students, as well as help the development of studies and is a significant locus to educational formation.

A produção acadêmico-científica do Brasil na área das altas habilidades/superdotação no período de 1987 a 2011

Among students with special educational needs, subjects of special education, are those with high ability/giftedness, a complex phenomenon that requires the participation of education professionals and researchers to foster the potential of development of these students. In this sense, we aimed to identify and analyze thesis and dissertations that they propose to investigate the theme high ability/giftedness, verifying participation of the area of education in these studies. The study was done through a literature review, guided by the following questions: Have the researches on high ability/giftedness been growing in recent years? What is the participation of education area in those researches? What are the issues related to high ability/ giftedness addressed in Education? The results show that the institutions present an increasing trend and there is a predominance of education area in this scientific production. However, there is an imbalance between the institutions that aim to investigate the theme in Brazilian regions, as well as among the cases covered by these researches on high ability/giftedness.

Reflexões sobre precoces, prodígios, gênios e as altas habilidades, com base na neurociência cognitiva. Revista Educação Especial

In special education, high skills designate people who demonstrate the capability, potential or performance in human activities, well above average. Our objective, using neuroscience to understand the early, prodigies, geniuses and high abilities as a result of a unique process of memory formation. It is a literature search, in which the works were identified, located, compiled, analyzed and blacklisted. The material was located from keywords in databases. For the compilation were used as inclusion criteria, adopted the intersection of the keywords as well as the work of researchers from education, psychology and neuroscience, published between 1966 and 2009; qualitatively analyzed 40 references, 18 articles and 22 other texts. The trajectory analysis was developed with the question: no need to explain differently the precocious prodigies, geniuses, and AH? We reached three logical propositions. We demonstrate through this exercise of course, that there would be no need to explain differently the precocious prodigies, geniuses, and AH, but conclude that there is need for such differentiation, even within the field of neuroscience, however, the statement above points to Renzulli’s theory as valid for geniuses and AH, with exceptions for early and wonders that deserve a closer look.

Doses, fontes e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio em arroz de terras altas cultivado em sistema de semeadura direta

The crop demand by nitrogen varies from one crop to other as well as the amount and application time, and this nutrient can be lost by leaching, volatilization and erosion. The objective of this study was to evaluate doses, sources and times of nitrogen application in rice of high lands cropped in no till system. The work was conducted in Selviria, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in a soil originally under Cerrado vegetation. A randomized blocks design, with the treatments disposed in a factorial scheme 5x3x2 was used. The treatments were constituted by five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha(-1)), three nitrogen sources (urea; ammonium sulfonitrate plus nitrification inhitor and ammonium sulfate) and two application times (at sowing or at flower bud differentiation), with four repetitions. The sources of nitrogen, as well as the application times had similar effects for most of evaluations. The N doses influenced linearly or with quadratic adjustment the plant height, N leaf content and grains yield, in the two growing seasons. The chlorophyll content and the number of ears m(-2) were affected only, in the first year. The highest yield in the growing season of 2007/08 was obtained with the dose of 149 kg ha(-1) of N. In 2008/09 growing season the increase of N doses provided increment in the grains rice yield, until the maximum dose evaluated (200 kg ha(-1) of N).

Caracterização de diodos tipo Schottky fabricados com poli-o-metoxianilina em diversas temperaturas

Technological advances achieved during the twentieth century strongly boosted the scientific research in the area of condensed matter physics, especially in the study and development of new semiconductor materials. In the segment, the development of semiconducting polymers for application in electronic devices promotes the field of organic electronics...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise da confiabilidade do ensaio de identificação de ligas através de espectrometria por fluorescência de raios x

In chemical industry, petrochemical and oil refinery may be found situations that working pressures and very high temperatures, and alloys that comprise such equipment must have specific characteristics such. As a way to ensure that the materials are as designed, companies have some specific techniques, and one of them is X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, which allows its application in devices small and lightweight, which ensures its portability in field use. This technique however, has some shortcomings such as the impossibility of detecting carbon and other elements of low atomic number which can generate false identifications of elements that are not in the league or non-detection of existing elements. Therefore, this study investigated the reliability of this method using the apparatus Niton XL3t 800 and may conclude that their results are reliable and can be used to assist in ensuring the operational integrity of the production units of these companies

Variação na curva de crescimento e tamanho de asa de Zaprionus indianus (Gupta, 1970) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) de acordo com diferentes temperaturas

Insetos são estudados como modelos biológicos e evolutivos devido, principalmente, ao tamanho reduzido e ciclo de vida curto, tendo importância ecológica pelo fato de gerarem diversos benefícios em todos os ecossistemas e estarem presentes em todos os níveis tróficos. A espécie Zaprionus indianus pertence à família Drosophilidae, é nativa da África Tropical e foi recentemente introduzida no Brasil, causando grande preocupação devido aos danos causados na produção de figo roxo (Ficus carica). A temperatura é um dos fatores abióticos que influencia a velocidade de desenvolvimento, fecundidade e dispersão dos insetos, provocando alterações em aspectos morfológicos e relativos ao ciclo de vida de drosofilídeos. Estudos sobre a influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento de Z. indianus são importantes para um futuro programa de controle dessa praga, de acordo com as características climáticas de cada região. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas, em diferentes densidades larvais, sobre a espécie Z. indianus, visando analisar sua curva de crescimento e tamanho de asa. Adultos de Z. indianus foram coletados nas dependências da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Rio Claro - SP), com auxílio de puçá entomológico. Da amostra de drosofilídeos coletados, os espécimes de Z. indianus foram identificados e mantidos em potes plásticos redondos, estes acondicionados em câmaras climáticas sob condições controladas de temperatura e umidade e fotoperíodo. Foi oferecida como alimento dieta artificial comum de drosofilídeos feita à base de banana. Os ovos obtidos foram contados e separados em densidades de 100 e 500 indivíduos, em duplicata para cada densidade e temperatura testadas; os imaturos foram mantidos sob as mesmas condições que os parentais, exceto pela temperatura que foi estipulada de forma a se estudar os efeitos de três... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Análise microestrutural de tubos API P110, para prospecção de petróleo e gás, soldados pelo processo HF/ERW

On the grounds of the great advances achieved over recent years, the process HF/ERW (High-Frequency/Electric Resistance Welding)welded pipe have played an active role in the oil and gas industry for deep water applications, at high and extremely low temperatures, under high pressure and in highly corrosive environments, gradually replacing manufactured pipes by other processes. However, studies have shown that defects in the welded joints are a the leading causes of pipelines failures, which has required the determination of toughness values in this region, in compliance with the strict recommendations of the codes and standards with manufacturers and construction companies, on the oil and gas sector. As part of the validation process required toughness values, this research project focuses on a microstructural analysis in HF / ERW tubes microalloyed, steel grade API 5CT P110, designed to explore oil and gas in deep waters, the subject of strategic relevance to the country because of the recent discoveries in the Santos mega fields: Tupi and Libra (pre-salt). In this scientific work will be presented and discussed the results of mechanical tensile and Charpy, a few CTOD tests curves (showing the trend of toughness values to be obtained), and the microstructures of the base material obtained by optical microscopy, with special emphasis on the formation of nonmetallic inclusions in the welded joint

Efeito de diferentes concentrações de nutrientes na competição entre Salvinia molesta e Pistia stratiotes

Pistia stratiotes e Salvinia molesta são duas macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes predominantes em ambientes de água parada. Embora as duas espécies em questão ocorram em ambientes com altos níveis de fósforo, P. stratiotes tem seu crescimento limitado por baixas concentrações de nitrogênio e fósforo, enquanto S. molesta se desenvolve bem tanto em águas com baixas como com altas concentrações de nutrientes. Dessa forma, S. molesta tem maior habilidade competitiva do que P. stratiotes em baixas concentrações de nitrogênio e fósforo. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo principal analisar a relação de competição entre P. stratiotes e S. molesta, quando submetidas a diferentes concentrações de nutrientes ao longo do tempo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma casa de vegetação do Jardim Experimental da Unesp de Rio Claro, com duração de 66 dias, no período entre 25 de janeiro e 31 de março de 2008. As duas espécies foram misturadas em proporções iguais de área, em seis unidades experimentais. Em intervalos entre 4 e 7 dias, os nutrientes de cada unidade foram trocados e medidos o pH e a temperatura da água, bem como a massa fresca, massa morta e o comprimento da raiz de cada espécie. Todas as concentrações de nutrientes oferecidas foram suficientes para o bom crescimento de P. stratiotes, a qual venceu a competição, limitando o crescimento de S. molesta por falta de espaço e luz, levando-a à exclusão competitiva. O crescimento de P.stratiotes aumentou à medida que maiores concentrações de nutrientes foram oferecidas. Além disso, a temperatura também parece ter influenciado o crescimento da espécie, sendo esse maior em maiores temperaturas. A parte submersa de ambas as espécies diminuiu ao longo do experimento, devido às maiores ofertas de nutrientes.

Proposta para melhoria da qualidade dos produtos cerâmicos e de criação de um polo cerâmico artesanal na cidade de Indiana - SP

This work presents a proposal to create a Polo Ceramic Craft in the town of Indiana - SP, through the potter’s organization in a cooperative that will coordinate activities to add value to ceramic pieces. To achieve this, two things are essential: improving the ceramic body and improve the properties of the ceramic material. For the first action it’s necessary to create a Central Mass Production of Ceramics, to provide raw materials and homogeneous composition that results in differentiated ceramic after burning process (sintering). To this end, we propose the incorporation of additives (which act as fluxes) to the clay material. These additives can be mineral such as feldspar and nefelinas or leavings, such as glass powder obtained from disposable containers. For the second action is necessary to acquire an oven, electric or gas, it reaches higher temperatures (around 1200 ° C). The presence of the additive and burning at higher temperatures will enable better production of sintered ceramic material with less porosity and water absorption and higher mechanical strength, and pieces vitrified and glazed, allowing them to assign a higher value. For the production of these materials (thinner walls) requires a smaller volume of clayey raw materials. Besides benefiting the ceramic pieces, the proposed changes reduce the environmental impact caused by burning wood, since it will be replaced by natural gas (or electricity), and even will reduce the disposal of glass containers in the environment by recycling and incorporating this material in the clay. From a social standpoint, the cooperative is crucial to the viability of the proposed project, to coordinate activities and commercial production, which will result in better wages and profits for companies and consequently for the city and its population