982 resultados para 312.236


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酸性矿山废水中低的pH和高浓度的重金属对水生态系统影响巨大。依据"参照(Control)-受损(Impaired)-恢复(Recovery)"的设计方法,对高岚河受酸性矿山废水影响的河段、不受影响的河段及恢复河段进行对比分析。结果表明底栖藻类密度、叶绿素a浓度、无灰干重及自养指数等受酸性矿山废水影响明显,且枯水期酸性矿山废水的影响更显著。相关分析表明自养指数与各金属显著正相关而与pH值显著负相关,可以很好地指示矿山酸性废水对底栖藻类的影响。

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采用复合垂直流人工湿地系统,研究了人工湿地处理养殖废水过程中,湿地基质空隙中TSS(Total Suspended Solids)的动态变化及去除规律。中试实验结果表明,系统对TSS有良好的净化效果,平均去除率达到70%。循环养殖废水在复合垂直流人工湿地流动时,TSS的去除主要发生在下行池单元上层区域,沿水流方向,随着距离的延长,TSS的降解速率呈现先快后慢的趋势,同时根据动态变化曲线形式,建立了该实验条件下TSS在湿地床内沿程动态变化模型:CL=C0exp(2.967×10-4L2-0.04316L),

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在湖北省丹江口水库的马口鱼和宽鳍(鱼巤)的鳃上发现的寄生桡足类1新种丹江鳋。形态观察的结果表明,丹江鳋与鳋属的其他种类有很多共同特征,尤其是与博氏鳋和膨大鳋。与其它所有鳋属种类不同的是丹江鳋的第2触肢内缘光滑无刺,及其楔形第2节的外缘呈明显的弧状。以核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)为标记进行系统进化分析,结果表明,与膨大鳋相比,博氏鳋与丹江鳋的亲缘关系更近些。无论是形态还是系统进化分析的结果都支持丹江鳋为鳋属1个独立的新种。

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为探讨利用太阳光降解水中异味化合物的可行性,对2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)、β-柠檬醛(β-Cyclocitral)和β-紫罗兰酮(β-Ionone)等3种异味化合物在紫外光和太阳光下的光降解及光催化降解效果进行了研究。结果表明,单波长紫外光——UVC(254 nm)和UVB(312 nm)及太阳光均能有效降解纯水中的β-Cyclocitral和β-Ionone,但不能降解MIB。加入纳米TiO2后,在UVC(254 nm)、UVB(312 nm)和太阳光照射下,MIB、β-Cyclocitral和β-Ion

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分析了分布于青藏高原及其邻近地区23个种和亚种36个群体高度特化等级裂腹鱼类的线粒体DNA细胞色素b序列,重建了系统发育关系.并采用地质隔离事件校正分支时间,估计了主要分支发生时间.结果发现,高度特化等级裂腹鱼类不是单系群,裸鲤属和裸裂尻属也不是单系群.全裸重唇鱼可能是特化类群向高度特化类群演化的过渡类型.高度特化等级裂腹鱼类的系统发育关系总体上反映了水系之间和地质历史的联系,即来自相同和相邻水系的物种通常具有更近的亲缘关系.估计的主要分支发生事件与青藏高原近晚地质时期强烈隆起有很好的一致性,表明高度特化

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研究了四种常见优势底栖螺类的饥饿代谢(R,mgO2/ind.d)与温度(T,℃)、体重(Wd,mg dry-wt或Ww,mg wet-wt)的关系,并计算出三者间的复合关系,分别是:铜锈环棱螺,R=0.044Wd0.537e0.061T;长角涵螺,R=0.0004Ww0.9405·e0.0735T;纹沼螺,R=0.004Wd1.072e0.091T;短沟蜷,R=0.023Wd0.777e0.042T。

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采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)方法对青海湖裸鲤的3个洄游繁殖群体-黑马河(HM)、布哈河(BH)及沙柳河(SL)群体各30个个体的DNA多态性进行了分析。用13个引物在三个群体中共检测出85个位点,其中多态性位点68个。青海湖裸鲤群体总的DNA多态位点百分率为80.0%。数据分析结果显示:青海湖裸鲤3个群体总的Nei基因多样性为0.3395,Shannon遗传多样性信息指数为0.4861,存在着较为丰富的遗传多样性。青海湖裸鲤3个群体间平均遗传距离为0.0788,基因分化系数Gst为0.1070,表

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目的 研究饮用水中藻类形态学鉴定样品标本制作方法。方法 分别对不同水源供水区末梢水和同一地点水箱水采样,进行藻类形态学检测。结果城市末梢水中浮游藻类检出率为89%;饮水水箱水中浮游藻类检出率为60%,并且观察到水箱水藻类在种属和数量上增加的情况。结论 该样品标本制作方法完全可以用于饮用水藻类形态学研究。

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人工湿地污水处理系统具有净化效果显著、建设和运行费用低廉、管理简便等优点.近年来越来越受到人们的重视.人工湿地生态系统受环境影响较大,研究人工湿地在不同季节的净化功能对于充分发挥其作用具有重要意义.对不同季节的芦苇(Phragmite saus-tralis)、茭白(Zizania caduciflora)和香蒲(Typha latifolia)等湿地系统植物根区、无植物对照基质微生物分布状况以及净化效果进行了研究,结果显示:(1)种植不同植物的湿地系统根区微生物数量不同,其湿地净化效果也不同;(2)季节

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Healthcare systems worldwide face a wide range of challenges, including demographic change, rising drug and medical technology costs, and persistent and widening health inequalities both within and between countries. Simultaneously, issues such as professional silos, static medical curricula, and perceptions of "information overload" have made it difficult for medical training and continued professional development (CPD) to adapt to the changing needs of healthcare professionals in increasingly patient-centered, collaborative, and/or remote delivery contexts. In response to these challenges, increasing numbers of medical education and CPD programs have adopted e-learning approaches, which have been shown to provide flexible, low-cost, user-centered, and easily updated learning. The effectiveness of e-learning varies from context to context, however, and has also been shown to make considerable demands on users' motivation and "digital literacy" and on providing institutions. Consequently, there is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of e-learning in healthcare as part of ongoing quality improvement efforts. This article outlines the key issues for developing successful models for analyzing e-health learning.

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描述了黄颡鱼胸腺的显微结构。黄颡鱼胸腺位于鳃腔背上角,紧贴在鳃腔上皮层之下,上耳咽匙肌之上。其组织结构可明显分为外区、中区和内区。外区主要由网状上皮细胞、柱状上皮细胞、黏液细胞组成;中区以大量深染致密的淋巴细胞为特征。在中区和内区均可见由2个或2个以上的内皮细胞围绕一个空腔或肥大细胞所构成的哈塞尔囊结构,Ⅱ龄鱼开始出现明显的脂肪退化。

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研究了浅水富营养湖泊中各理化因子和浮游植物(主要是微囊藻)的昼夜垂直变化,研究结果表明各理化因子均表现出不同程度的昼夜变化。受到光照的影响,在夜间,微囊藻由于呼吸作用消耗细胞内的多糖等物质,其细胞密度下降,微囊藻呈现出向水表层迁移的趋势,而在白天由于光合作用,细胞密度上升,导致微囊藻群体向水下层迁移。本实验还发现小群体的微囊藻在水下层停留的时间更长。同微囊藻所不同的是,其它的藻类并没有明显的垂直分布。

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Fluids with a controllable viscosity gained a lot of interest throughout the last years. One of the advantages of these fluids is that they allow to fabricate hydraulic components such as valves with a very simple structure. Although the properties of these fluids are very interesting for microsystems, their applicability is limited at microscale since the particles suspended in these fluids tend to obstruct microchannels. This paper investigates the applicability of electrorheologic Liquid Crystals (LCs) in microsystems. Since LC's do not contain suspended particles, they show intrinsic advantages over classic rheologic active fluids in microapplications. As a matter of fact, LC molecules are usually only a few nanometers long, and therefore, they can probably be used in systems with sub-micrometer channels or other nanoscale applications. This paper presents a novel model describing the electrorheologic behavior of these nanoscale molecules. This model is used to simulate a microvalve controlled by LC's. By comparing measurements and simulations performed on this microvalve it is possible to prove that the model developed in this paper is very accurate. In addition, these simulations and measurements revealed other remarkable properties of LC's, such as high bandwidths and high changes in flow resistance. © 2006 IEEE.

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自 1998年大洪水后 ,为了保障人民生命财产的安全 ,水利部门正在规划一系列长江中下游防洪整治工程。根据工程规划方案 ,结合白豚和江豚种群目前的现状 ,综合分析了部分规划中的防洪工程对白豚和江豚的影响。主要包括两个方面 ,一是施工期间的影响 ,二是工程结束后对环境的改变而带来的影响。经分析认为 ,有些工程 ,如洲湾裁弯取直工程、鄱阳湖建闸控制工程将对白豚和江豚产生巨大不利影响 ,建议在近期内不考虑实施。另一些工程如在施工期间和完工后采取积极、有效的保护措施 ,从白豚和江豚保护的角度分析是可行的

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经密码子优化的人工合成草鱼生长激素cDNA与表达载体pET-28a(+)重组,构建重组表达质粒pET-GH。转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),筛选阳性克隆,IPTG诱导表达。12.5%的SDS-PAGE分析显示,大肠杆菌表达产物中含有与草鱼生长激素分子量一致的新增蛋白带,激光密度扫描,其产量约占菌体总蛋白的40%。金属离子螯合层析柱亲和纯化,获得电泳纯的重组蛋白。Western-blotting和酶联免疫吸附受体法检测证实:重组蛋白与抗草鱼生长激素的多克隆抗体发生特异性结合;复性后的重组蛋白有与天然草鱼生长