Habitudes alimentaires et image corporelle chez des étudiants de deuxième année de gymnase à Lausanne [Food habits and body image of students in Lausanne]

During adolescence, nutrition needs are high; however the literature shows that few adolescents are following standardized nutritional requirements. A few weeks before an intervention about nutrition to high school adolescents in Lausanne, they were invited to fill in a self-reported questionnaire about their nutrition modes and habits, and their self-image satisfaction (N = 198). Results show that only 5% of youth are eating 5 fruits and vegetables per day and only 29% 3 to 5 dairy products. 21% of female and 6% of boys are not satisfied about their self-image, and those exhibiting a poor self-image tend to adopt health compromising eating patterns in a higher proportion. During adolescence it is important not only to investigate the nutritional habits but also one's self image.

Le tabagisme chez les écoliers en Valais: 2002-2010

Introduction: Le tabagisme est une cause majeure de maladies et de décès dans la population en Valais. Près d'un valaisan sur trois et une valaisanne sur quatre sont fumeurs. L'initiation au tabagisme a lieu le plus souvent à l'adolescence. Il est dès lors important de connaître les habitudes tabagiques des écoliers valaisans. Méthodes: Tous les quatre ans, le Valais et les autres cantons suisses participent à l'enquête Health Behaviour in School aged Chidren (HBSC), qui est réalisée dans plus de 40 pays sous l'égide de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé. L'objectif est de récolter et d'analyser des données pertinentes sur les comportements de santé des écoliers de 11 à 15 ans, et notamment sur le tabagisme. L'enquête HBSC 2010 a été menée dans 71 classes auprès de 1'198 écoliers en Valais. Les données ont été récoltées par questionnaire. Résultats: De nombreux écoliers valaisans de 11-15 ans ont déjà fumé au moins une fois dans leur vie. Alors que très peu d'écoliers sont des fumeurs quotidiens avant l'âge de 14 ans, près d'un écolier sur six (17% des garçons et des filles) affirme fumer quotidiennement à 15 ans. Entre 2002 et 2010, les proportions d'écoliers ayant fumé au moins une fois ou fumant quotidiennement ont diminué. Les écoliers de 14-15 ans fumant régulièrement (au moins une fois par semaine) rapportent avoir acheté le plus souvent eux mêmes leurs cigarettes ou se les êtres procurées auprès de connaissances. 42% des écoliers et 44% des écolières ont au moins leur mère, leur père ou un de leurs frères et soeurs qui fument. Conclusions et perspectives : Le tabagisme est fréquent dans la population valaisanne, et ce dès l'adolescence. La prévalence du tabagisme a légèrement diminué chez les écoliers entre 2002 et 2010. Toutefois, l'augmentation marquée de l'initiation tabagique entre 11 et 15 ans et la prévalence importante des fumeurs quotidiens parmi les écoliers de 15 ans confirment que la prévention du tabagisme est nécessaire dès le plus jeune âge. L'accessibilité des écoliers au tabac devrait être évaluée et des mesures devraient être renforcées pour la diminuer.

Informing the judgments of fingerprint analysts using quality metric and statistical assessment tools

The aim of this research was to evaluate how fingerprint analysts would incorporate information from newly developed tools into their decision making processes. Specifically, we assessed effects using the following: (1) a quality tool to aid in the assessment of the clarity of the friction ridge details, (2) a statistical tool to provide likelihood ratios representing the strength of the corresponding features between compared fingerprints, and (3) consensus information from a group of trained fingerprint experts. The measured variables for the effect on examiner performance were the accuracy and reproducibility of the conclusions against the ground truth (including the impact on error rates) and the analyst accuracy and variation for feature selection and comparison.¦The results showed that participants using the consensus information from other fingerprint experts demonstrated more consistency and accuracy in minutiae selection. They also demonstrated higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the decisions reported. The quality tool also affected minutiae selection (which, in turn, had limited influence on the reported decisions); the statistical tool did not appear to influence the reported decisions.

Orosomucoid (alpha1-acid glycoprotein) plasma concentration and genetic variants: effects on human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor clearance and cellular accumulation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Protease inhibitors are highly bound to orosomucoid (ORM) (alpha1-acid glycoprotein), an acute-phase plasma protein encoded by 2 polymorphic genes, which may modulate their disposition. Our objective was to determine the influence of ORM concentration and phenotype on indinavir, lopinavir, and nelfinavir apparent clearance (CL(app)) and cellular accumulation. Efavirenz, mainly bound to albumin, was included as a control drug. METHODS: Plasma and cells samples were collected from 434 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Total plasma and cellular drug concentrations and ORM concentrations and phenotypes were determined. RESULTS: Indinavir CL(app) was strongly influenced by ORM concentration (n = 36) (r2 = 0.47 [P = .00004]), particularly in the presence of ritonavir (r2 = 0.54 [P = .004]). Lopinavir CL(app) was weakly influenced by ORM concentration (n = 81) (r2 = 0.18 [P = .0001]). For both drugs, the ORM1 S variant concentration mainly explained this influence (r2 = 0.55 [P = .00004] and r2 = 0.23 [P = .0002], respectively). Indinavir CL(app) was significantly higher in F1F1 individuals than in F1S and SS patients (41.3, 23.4, and 10.3 L/h [P = .0004] without ritonavir and 21.1, 13.2, and 10.1 L/h [P = .05] with ritonavir, respectively). Lopinavir cellular exposure was not influenced by ORM abundance and phenotype. Finally, ORM concentration or phenotype did not influence nelfinavir (n = 153) or efavirenz (n = 198) pharmacokinetics. CONCLUSION: ORM concentration and phenotype modulate indinavir pharmacokinetics and, to a lesser extent, lopinavir pharmacokinetics but without influencing their cellular exposure. This confounding influence of ORM should be taken into account for appropriate interpretation of therapeutic drug monitoring results. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the measure of unbound drug plasma concentration gives more meaningful information than total drug concentration for indinavir and lopinavir.

Traité de blason et recueil d'armoiries, composés par Noel LE BOUCQ, de Valenciennes.

Armoiries de différentes provinces d'Espagne (fol. 58), — des Pays-Bas (fol. 62), — « princes du Pays-Bas (fol. 66 v°), — électeurs et princes d'Alemaigne (fol. 70), — les Lorrains (fol. 76), — duché de Barre (fol. 77 v°), — duché de Savoy (fol. 78), — roy de Franche et nobles d'icelluy » par provinces (fol. 79), — « XII pères de Franche (fol. 88 v°), — duché de Bourgoigne (fol. 90 v°), — Bretons », etc. (fol. 94 v°), — « roy d'Angleterre » et nobles dudit pays (fol. 117), — « les noef Preux (fol. 124 v°), — cités et villes marchandes par toutte renommée (fol. 126 v°), — royaulme de Bohemie (fol. 129), — les Poullennois (Polonais) (fol. 130), — empereurs, royx et princes de estranges pays (fol. 130 v°), — royaulme de Castille (fol. 133), — royaulme d'Arragon (fol. 134 v°), — les Navarrois (fol. 137 v°), — villes de Brabant (fol. 139), — de Flandres (fol. 143 v°), — comté d'Alost (fol. 151 v°), — comté de Hollande (fol. 158), — les Namurois (fol. 160), — comté d'Artoys (fol. 165), — comté de Hainault (fol. 174 v°), — chevaliers bannerés (fol. 180 v°), — officiers de Hainault, etc. (fol. 183 v°), — ville et bourgeois de Valenciennes » (fol. 201). Ce traité de blason commence par une dédicace, datée de 1542, et se termine par la mention : « Faict et achevé, le XXIXe jour du mois de mars l'an mil cincq cens quarante trois. 1543. » — Nombreux blasons peints. L'auteur de ce traité et de ce recueil d'armoiries est peut-être Noel Le Boucq, de Valenciennes. Il a été, en tout cas, fait par ses soins et probablement pour son fils Jacques, car ses armes sont peintes dans la lettre initiale de la préface (fol. 3) ; et elles se retrouvent, avec celles de sa première femme, Anne Le Prince, au fol. 3 v°, et celles de sa seconde femme, Marguerite Vivien, au fol. 4. On lit, en outre, au fol. 1 : « Ce présent livre appertient à Jacques Le Boucq, fils de Noé, demorant en Valenciennes, sur la Croix, au Noef Boucq, à l'enseigne de la Petit Nostre Damme. 1543. »

Extraits relatifs à l'HISTOIRE ECCLESIASTIQUE DE LA FRANCE.

Contient : Colb. 829 [lat. 4114] : érection des évêchés d'Alet et de Saint-Pons de Thomières ; Colb. 842 [lat. 8569] : lettres de Pétrarque ; Colb. 1020 [lat. 5239] : Chroniques de Limoges ; Colb. 1223 [lat. 4893] : chronique dite de Guillaume Godel ; Colb. 1150 [lat. 5247] : nécrologe de Saint-Robert de Cornillon [Molinier, Obituaires, n° 643] ; Colb. 1248 [lat. 4833 A] : bulle de Jean V pour Gui de La Tour [Jaffé, n° 4107] ; Colb. 1297 [lat. 2627] : Vita sancti Bibiani ; Colb. 1340 [lat. 5064] : notes sur le concile de Latran de 1215 ; Colb. 1297 [lat. 2627] : lettre d'Etienne, abbé de Cluny, aux moines de Moissac ; Colb. 1359 [lat. 5178] : lettre adressée à l'évêque de Ratisbonne au sujet d'une nouvelle hérésie (1466) ; Colb. 1364 [lat. 2294] : catalogue de reliques ; Colb. 1392 [lat. 4042] : lettre de l'évêque de Laon à Boniface VIII ; Colb. 1393 [lat. 1461] : notes et lettres diverses sur l'histoire de l'Église au début du XIVe siècle ; Colb. 1480 [lat. 3127] : lettres historiques du XVe siècle ; Lettre de Nicolas Goizot, s. d., touchant la mort de D. Placide Porcheron (1694) ; Extraits de divers traités touchant le schisme

Microrganismos solubilizadores de fosfatos e o crescimento de pínus e eucalipto

Os microrganismos solubilizadores de fosfatos desempenham importante papel no suprimento de fósforo para as plantas. Isso tem motivado pesquisas em programas de inoculação controlada. O processo de seleção envolve várias etapas. Microrganismos isolados de cultivos de Pinus e Eucalyptus e selecionados em meio de cultura foram avaliados em 28 experimentos realizados em casa de vegetação com substrato ou solo de floresta ou de viveiro, esterilizados, sem ou com adubação fosfatada (fosfato monocálcico, fosfato de Araxá ou de Catalão). Em relação à produção de matéria seca, em um experimento, houve efeito positivo de três isolados (177, 251 e 310A); em outro, verificou-se efeito negativo de dois isolados (177 e 261). No teor de P no tecido foi verificado efeito positivo em sete tratamentos, envolvendo oito isolados (62, 177, 189, 198, 251, 262, 310A e 310B) e dois efeitos negativos (177 e 198). Quanto ao conteúdo de P na planta, foram verificados efeitos positivos em quatro experimentos, envolvendo os isolados 62, 189, 198, 251 e 310A. Os resultados obtidos na nutrição e no crescimento das plantas com a inoculação dos isolados 62, 189, 251 e 310A indicam a existência de potencial para ser utilizado em processos de seleção que visem à produção de inoculantes.

The winged-helix transcription factor Trident is expressed in actively dividing lymphocytes.

We recently identified the winged-helix transcription factor Trident and described its expression pattern in synchronized fibroblasts. We have now studied Trident expression in cell lines, differentiating thymocytes and in lymphocytes derived from peripheral blood. During T cell differentiation, expression peaked in the actively dividing immature single positive cells. In peripheral blood lymphocytes, expression of Trident mRNA was absent, but could be induced upon stimulation with mitogens in vitro. These observations imply a function for Trident in dividing lymphocytes.

Traducción técnica del capítulo III del libro Advanced Data Warehouse design: from conventional to spatial and temporal applications

The proposal to work on this final project came after several discussions held with Dr. Elzbieta Malinowski Gadja, who in 2008 published the book entitled Advanced Data Warehouse Design: From Conventional to Spatial and Temporal Applications (Data-Centric Systems and Applications). The project was carried out under the technical supervision of Dr. Malinowski and the direct beneficiary was the University of Costa Rica (UCR) where Dr. Malinowski is a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Informatics. The purpose of this project was twofold: First, to translate chapter III of said book with the intention of generating educational material for the use of the UCR and, second, to venture in the field of technical translation related to data warehouse. For the first component, the goal was to generate a final product that would eventually serve as an educational tool for the post-graduate courses of the UCR. For the second component, this project allowed me to acquire new skills and put into practice techniques that have helped me not only to perfom better in my current job as an Assistant Translator of the Inter-American BAnk (IDB), but also to use them in similar projects. The process was lenggthy and required torough research and constant communication with the author. The investigation focused on the search of terms and definitions to prepare the glossary, which was the basis to start the translation project. The translation process itself was carried out by phases, so that comments and corrections by the author could be taken into account in subsequent stages. Later, based on the glossary and the translated text, illustrations had been created in the Visio software were translated. In addition to the technical revision by the author, professor Carme Mangiron was in charge of revising the non-technical text. The result was a high-quality document that is currently used as reference and study material by the Department of Computer Science and Informatics of Costa Rica.

Strong time dependence of the 76-gene prognostic signature for node-negative breast cancer patients in the TRANSBIG multicenter independent validation series.

PURPOSE: Recently, a 76-gene prognostic signature able to predict distant metastases in lymph node-negative (N(-)) breast cancer patients was reported. The aims of this study conducted by TRANSBIG were to independently validate these results and to compare the outcome with clinical risk assessment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Gene expression profiling of frozen samples from 198 N(-) systemically untreated patients was done at the Bordet Institute, blinded to clinical data and independent of Veridex. Genomic risk was defined by Veridex, blinded to clinical data. Survival analyses, done by an independent statistician, were done with the genomic risk and adjusted for the clinical risk, defined by Adjuvant! Online. RESULTS: The actual 5- and 10-year time to distant metastasis were 98% (88-100%) and 94% (83-98%), respectively, for the good profile group and 76% (68-82%) and 73% (65-79%), respectively, for the poor profile group. The actual 5- and 10-year overall survival were 98% (88-100%) and 87% (73-94%), respectively, for the good profile group and 84% (77-89%) and 72% (63-78%), respectively, for the poor profile group. We observed a strong time dependence of this signature, leading to an adjusted hazard ratio of 13.58 (1.85-99.63) and 8.20 (1.10-60.90) at 5 years and 5.11 (1.57-16.67) and 2.55 (1.07-6.10) at 10 years for time to distant metastasis and overall survival, respectively. CONCLUSION: This independent validation confirmed the performance of the 76-gene signature and adds to the growing evidence that gene expression signatures are of clinical relevance, especially for identifying patients at high risk of early distant metastases.