Radioiodine plus recombinant human thyrotropin do not cause acute airway compression and are effective in reducing multinodular goiter

Recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) reduces the activity of radioiodine required to treat multinodular goiter (MNG), but acute airway compression can be a life-threatening complication. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we assessed the efficacy and safety (including airway compression) of different doses of rhTSH associated with a fixed activity of 131I for treating MNG. Euthyroid patients with MNG (69.3 ± 62.0 mL, 20 females, 2 males, 64 ± 7 years) received 0.1 mg (group I, N = 8) or 0.01 mg (group II, N = 6) rhTSH or placebo (group III, N = 8), 24 h before 1.11 GBq 131I. Radioactive iodine uptake was determined at baseline and 24 h after rhTSH and thyroid volume (TV, baseline and 6 and 12 months after treatment) and tracheal cross-sectional area (TCA, baseline and 2, 7, 180, and 360 days after rhTSH) were determined by magnetic resonance; antithyroid antibodies and thyroid hormones were determined at frequent intervals. After 6 months, TV decreased significantly in groups I (28.5 ± 17.6%) and II (21.6 ± 17.8%), but not in group III (2.7 ± 15.3%). After 12 months, TV decreased significantly in groups I (36.7 ± 18.1%) and II (37.4 ± 27.1%), but not in group III (19.0 ± 24.3%). No significant changes in TCA were observed. T3 and free T4 increased transiently during the first month. After 12 months, 7 patients were hypothyroid (N = 3 in group I and N = 2 in groups II and III). rhTSH plus a 1.11-GBq fixed 131I activity did not cause acute or chronic changes in TCA. After 6 and 12 months, TV reduction was more pronounced among patients treated with rhTSH plus 131I.

Lymphatic fluctuation in the parenchymal remodeling stage of acute interstitial pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Because the superficial lymphatics in the lungs are distributed in the subpleural, interlobular and peribroncovascular interstitium, lymphatic impairment may occur in the lungs of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) and increase their severity. We investigated the distribution of lymphatics in different remodeling stages of IIPs by immunohistochemistry using the D2-40 antibody. Pulmonary tissue was obtained from 69 patients with acute interstitial pneumonia/diffuse alveolar damage (AIP/DAD, N = 24), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia/organizing pneumonia (COP/OP, N = 6), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP/NSIP, N = 20), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/usual interstitial pneumonia (IPF/UIP, N = 19). D2-40+ lymphatic in the lesions was quantitatively determined and associated with remodeling stage score. We observed an increase in the D2-40+ percent from DAD (6.66 ± 1.11) to UIP (23.45 ± 5.24, P = 0.008) with the advanced process of remodeling stage of the lesions. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a better survival for patients with higher lymphatic D2-40+ expression than 9.3%. Lymphatic impairment occurs in the lungs of IIPs and its severity increases according to remodeling stage. The results suggest that disruption of the superficial lymphatics may impair alveolar clearance, delay organ repair and cause severe disease progress mainly in patients with AIP/DAD. Therefore, lymphatic distribution may serve as a surrogate marker for the identification of patients at greatest risk for death due to IIPs.

Determinação de minerais em café cru

Dois métodos de preparo de amostra foram avaliados: via seca e via úmida, para a determinação e quantificação dos minerais Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P e Zn em café cru, empregando-se a técnica de Espectrometria de Emissão Ótica em Plasma Indutivamente Acoplado (ICP-OES). As concentrações dos minerais não diferiram significativamente ao nível de 5% (Teste F) entre os dois métodos empregados. Para avaliar a exatidão dos métodos testados foi realizada a recuperação dos minerais em uma amostra de café. Os resultados obtidos pelos métodos empregando via seca e via úmida foram, respectivamente: Al = 93% e 104%; Ba = 85% e 54%; Ca = 99% e 108%; Co = 98% e 96%; Cu = 78% e 96%; Fe = 96% e 96%; K = 91% e 82%; Mg = 100% e 95%; Mn = 104% e 101%; Ni = 95% e 107%; P = 101% e 104%; Zn = 89% e 96%. O método por via seca foi empregado para a determinação dos teores de minerais em 45 amostras de café provenientes de diferentes regiões de cultivo dos Estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Bahia. Os teores de minerais (em mg kg-1) encontrados nas diferentes amostras variaram entre: Al (0,612 a 32,2), Ba (1,11 a 17,6), Ca (925 a 1889), Co (0 a 1,16), Cu (6,21 a 369), Fe (23,3 a 367), K (12252 a 17205), Mg (1526 a 2059), Mn (14,2 a 60,4), Ni (0 a 44,2), P (1172 a 1826) e Zn (3,71 a 57,0). O emprego da técnica instrumental de ICP-OES e digestão da amostra por via seca mostraram-se adequados para a determinação simultânea de elementos minerais em café, uma vez que os níveis de precisão e exatidão obtidos foram satisfatórios.

Influência da adição da fécula de batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas L.) sobre a viscosidade do permeado de soro de queijo

A viscosidade é um parâmetro importante na aceitabilidade de bebidas lácteas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal fornecer dados relativos ao comportamento da viscosidade uma base de permeado de soro de queijo adicionada de fécula de batata-doce, dados que poderão ser utilizados na elaboração de uma nova bebida láctea. A fécula de batata-doce utilizada apresentou um grau de gelatinização de 72,64%, umidade média de 7,88% e a seguinte composição centesimal média em base seca: 82,59% de amido, 9,33% de fibras dietéticas totais, 4,90% de proteínas, 2,08% de cinzas e 1,11% de lipídios. O permeado de soro foi adicionado a três diferentes concentrações de fécula e submetido a diferentes tratamentos térmicos. A viscosidade mais adequada, em função dos dados obtidos junto aos produtos comerciais, estaria no intervalo de 45mPa.s a 70mPa.s. Assim sendo, a porcentagem de 6% de fécula de batata-doce e um tratamento térmico de 90ºC por cerca de 5 minutos mostrou-se ser o mais adequado. O fluido obtido apresentou um comportamento pseudoplástico.

Peroxidase (POD) e polifenoloxidase (PPO) em polpa de goiaba (Psidium guajava R.)

A peroxidase E.C. 1.11.1.7 (POD) e a polifenoloxidase E.C. 1.10.3.1 (PPO) foram extraídas da polpa de goiaba. Os extratos foram preparados utilizando-se a polpa da goiaba e solução tampão fosfato de sódio 100mM com pH variando de 6,0 a 7,0 em intervalos de 0,1. Foi determinada a atividade enzimática da peroxidase e da polifenoloxidase desses extratos, a fim de se observar o melhor pH para a extração de cada enzima. O pH 6,3 foi considerado o melhor para a extração da POD da polpa de goiaba, enquanto que para PPO, o pH foi 6,8. Os extratos brutos de POD e PPO foram submetidos a temperaturas de 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C e 80 °C por um período de 0 a 10 min. Os resultados demonstraram um decréscimo da atividade enzimática nos extratos com o aumento da temperatura e do tempo. No entanto, a total inativação não foi atingida o que sugere a presença de isoenzimas termoresistentes.

Aproveitamento do resíduo de laranja para a produção de enzimas lignocelulolíticas por Pleurotus ostreatus (Jack:Fr)

Neste trabalho propomos o aproveitamento dos resíduos de laranja gerados após remoção do suco como substrato para a obtenção de enzimas hidrolíticas e oxidativas envolvidas na degradação de materiais lignocelulósicos, tais como: lacase (EC 1.10.3.2), manganês peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.14), xilanase (EC 3.2.1.8) e endo-1,4 glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4), pelo basidiomiceto Pleurotus ostreatus cultivado em estado sólido. O fungo desenvolveu-se bem no resíduo, em diferentes umidades iniciais e sem a necessidade de qualquer suplementação. O meio à base de resíduo de laranja proporcionou a obtenção de elevadas atividades de enzimas com grande potencial de uso industrial, especialmente lacase (74,3 U.g -1 substrato após 15 dias de cultivo) e manganês peroxidase (6,8 U.g -1 substrato após 30 dias de cultivo).

Postharvest respiratory activity and changes in some chemical constituents during maturation of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin) fruit

Mature fruit from the yellow mombin (Spondias mombin) was monitored for its respiration activity. Mature green fruit from the yellow mombin was stored in closed glass chambers and the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the end of a six hour respiration period was determined. At the same interval of time, the lid of the chamber was opened for air renewal. The increase in carbon dioxide and decrease in oxygen concentration demonstrated that the fruit was climacteric. The maximum liberation of CO2 54.2 mL Kg-1 h-1 and maximum absorption of O2 49.0 mL Kg-1 h-1 occurred 186 hours after the harvest which, obviously, represented the optimum fruit quality after the senescence process started. The respiratory quotient of fruit at a climacteric maximum was 1.11 representing the oxidation of carbohydrates. Total soluble solids increased from 9.1 °Brix (initial) to 13.7 °Brix (climacteric maximum) during maturation, while the total number of acids in the fruit decreased during maturation i.e. from 1.55% initially to 1.40% at pre-climacteric, 1.0% at climacteric maximum and 0.8% in the post-climacteric stage. A similar behaviour was observed in the case of ascorbic acid. There was a continuous decrease in chlorophyll and a continuous increase in the carotenoid content of fruit during maturation.

Efeito prebiótico do mel sobre o crescimento e viabilidade de Bifidobacterium spp. e Lactobacillus spp. em leite

Para ser considerado prebiótico, um microrganismo deve atender a uma série de requisitos, sendo a manutenção da viabilidade, um dos principais. Culturas probióticas de Lactobacillus spp. e Bifidobacterium spp. foram cultivadas em leite em pó desnatado reconstituído 12% adicionado de 3% (p/v) de mel pasteurizado. Foram preparados controles sem mel. Todos os cultivos mantiveram-se viáveis por 46 dias a 7 °C atendendo o número mínimo exigido pela legislação. O maior número de células viáveis de L. casei-01 e L. casei Shirota (>9,0 log10 UFC.mL-1) foi observado nos cultivos contendo mel. A acidez titulável produzida por estas culturas foi de 1,44%. O número de células viáveis de L. acidophilus Sacco® aos 46 dias em cultivos com mel foi significativamente maior (p < 0,05) que nos controles. Considerando todo o período de estocagem, o mel exerceu efeito positivo significativo (p < 0,05) apenas para as culturas de Bifidobacterium. O menor crescimento e a menor acidificação no 46º dia foram observados nos cultivos de Bf. lactis Bb-12, sendo de 7,63 log10 UFC.mL-1 e 0,61% de acidez em presença de mel e 6,11 log10 UFC.mL-1 e 0,30% de acidez nos controles. Diferentemente, os cultivos de Bf. lactis Sacco® atingiram contagens de 9,11 log10 UFC.mL-1 e produziram 1,11% de acidez.

The effect of a diet education with six iso-caloric meals on the body weight and blood glucose of diabetes type 2 patients

The treatment of Diabetes should not only be sought through drug administration; diet is also a part of its treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a diet with six meals having equal calories on the body weight and blood glucose on diabetes type 2 patients. This research is an Experimental study conducted in 2009 on 181 patients with diabetes. The patients visited the IDSF (Iranian Diabetes Society of Fars) weekly and the patients to be studied were randomly divided into two groups of 85 and 96 patients, respectively. The participants were repeatedly requested to consume their calculated calorie in six equal parts. The average age in the Experimental and Control groups were 51.2 ± 13.3 and 53.1 ± 9.4, respectively. The mean body weight and fasting blood glucose at the beginning of the study in Experimental and Control groups were 66.3 ± 9.4 and 69.1 ± 11.1 kg, 198.9 ± 35.1, and 199.8 ± 39.1 mg.dL-1, respectively. At the end of the study, however, the values were 63.5 ± 7.5 and 66.98 ± 9 kg, 139.5 ± 34.6 and 164.2 ± 22.1 mg.dL-1, respectively. Only the mean fasting blood glucose at the end of the study revealed a significant difference (p-value = 0.001). The results show that educating those afflicted with Diabetes Type 2 aiming at changing their diet can greatly help them manage their blood glucose.

Evaluation of pesticide residues in oranges from São Paulo, Brazil

Pesticides in “PERA” orange samples (N = 57) from São Paulo City, Brazil were assessed and the pesticide intake contribution was estimated for chronic risk assessment. Seventy-six pesticides were evaluated by the gas chromatography multi-residue method, including isomers and metabolites (4.332 determinations). The mean recoveries at the limit of quantification level were in the range of 72-115% and the relative standard deviation for five replicate samples was 1-11%. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.005 to 0.4 mg.kg−1 and from 0.01 to 0.8 mg.kg−1, respectively. Pesticides were found in 42.1% of the samples at levels ranging from 0.06 to 2.9 mg.kg−1. Of the contaminated samples, 3.5% contained residues (bifenthrin and clofentezine) above the maximum residue level and 12.3% contained unauthorized pesticides (azinphos-ethyl, parathion, myclobutanil, profenofos, and fenitrothion). The estimated risk characterization for orange intake by adults and children, respectively, ranged from 0.04 to 6.6% and from 0.1 to 26.5% of the acceptable daily intake. The detection of irregular residues emphasizes the need for better implementation of Good Agriculture Practices and greater control of formulated products. Other pesticides surveyed did not pose a health risk due to consumption.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in renal transplant recipients

INTRODUCTION: The population of patients undergoing renal transplantation is considered at highrisk for developing obesity and changes in lipid and glucose metabolism, due to the use of immunosuppressive drugs and increased food freedom in the post-transplant period. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in renal transplant recipients and to identify factors associated with its occurrence. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in renal transplant patients, with more than six months of follow-up. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS: Among the 87 pa- tients enrolled, 39 (44.8%) presented the phenotype of metabolic syndrome. The mean age of the patients was 43.5 ± 12.1 years-old, with a predominance of male (69.0%) and white (66.7%). The mean and median times of post transplant follow-up were 64.2 ± 49.4 and 56 months, respectively. All the 12 patients who developed post-transplant diabetes mellitus also met the criteria for metabolic syndrome, which compromised the inclusion of this variable in the logistic regression. In the univariate analysis, patients with metabolic syndrome had higher mean age (p = 0.008), higher median blood level of cyclosporine (p = 0.021), higher prevalence of history of coronary disease (p = 0.023), and they were more frequent users of beta (p = 0.011) and calcium- channel blockers (p = 0.039). In the multivariate analysis, age (HR = 1.06; 95% CI=1.01-1.11, p=0.006) and use of beta-blockers (HR = 4.02; 95% CI = 1.41 - 11.4, p = 0.009) were asso- ciated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent in the population of renal trans- plant recipients studied, and it was associated with older age, use of beta-blockers, and post-transplant diabetes mellitus.

Förteckning öfver framlidne prosten Martin Tolpos boksamling

Sisältää kaksi luetteloa. - S. 11-16 myös: Förteckning å böcker tillhörige prosten J. M. Tolpos concursmassa, hvilka undertecknad anhåller att å offentlig auction få försälja. Allekirjoitus: Abr. Kingelin.

De cavenda idolatriae abominatione commonefactio pastoribus dioeceseos Aboënsis missa ab Isaaco Rothovio epis. Ab

Arkit: A4 B2 (B2 verso tyhjä).

Europa excultissima: cum privil

Mittakaava vaihtelee välillä n. 1:8 500 000 (pohjoisessa) ja n.1:11 500 000 (etelässä).

Collagen binding integrins and cancer testis antigens in prostate cancer and melanoma

Camilla Pelo Collagen Binding Integrins and Cancer Testis Antigens in Prostate Cancer and Melanoma Department of Biochemistry, MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Finland Annales Universitatis Turkuensis, Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2016 ABSTRACT Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The incidence of melanoma, in turn, is increasing faster than any other cancer incidences. In Finland, more than 5000 prostate cancer and 1200 new melanoma cases are diagnosed each year. One approach to further understand the cellular processes involved in prostate cancer and melanoma is to gain better knowledge about alterations in gene expression and their potential impact on the progression of the diseases. This thesis is focused on expression studies in two gene families; integrins and cancer testis antigens (CT antigens), in human prostate adenocarcinoma and advanced human melanoma. Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors which regulate many important cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration and survival. CT antigens are frequently expressed in different types of cancers, but are only expressed in testis in healthy individuals. CT antigens are also highly immunogenic proteins. Due to the properties mentioned above, integrins and CT antigens can function as target molecules for the development of cancer diagnostics and drugs. One of the main purposes of this thesis was to study the expression of the four collagen binding integrins α1β1, α2β1, α10β1, α11β1 and the cancer testis antigen 16 (CT16) in cancer cell lines and human tissues of prostate cancer and metastatic melanoma. Additional aims included studies on the biological role of CT16 and the abundance of CT16 in sera of advanced melanoma patients. The prognostic and diagnostic significance of CT16 and the collagen binding integrins were also evaluated. Expression studies on collagen binding integrins and the CT antigen CT16 in melanoma and prostate cancer were limited and the biological role of CT16 was unknown. In this thesis, the expression levels of α2β1 and α11β1 were found to be significantly altered in prostate cancer tissues. Integrin α2β1 decreased gradually during disease progression while α11 was elevated in prostate carcinoma compared to healthy tissues. In advanced melanoma, enhanced levels of α2 were associated with a significant shorter overall survival in advanced melanoma. In this thesis, CT16 was identified as a frequently expressed melanoma CT antigen with an anti-apoptotic function. To conclude, this thesis presents α2β1 and CT16, as potential and promising biomarkers for advanced melanoma. This thesis reports also the first functional study of CT16. Keywords: Collagen binding integrins, α1β1, α2β1, α10β1, α11β1, Cancer Testis antigens, CT16, melanoma, prostate cancer, expression