Attachement des enfants en famille d’accueil : contribution de la santé mentale et de la sensibilité interactive du parent d’accueil ainsi que des caractéristiques du placement

Cette étude a pour objectif d’’examiner les rôles de la sensibilité interactive (SI) et des symptômes liés à la dépression du parent sur la sécurité d’’attachement (SA) des enfants de 12 à 42 mois placés en famille d’’accueil. Certaines caractéristiques propres à la situation de placement sont également analysées comme étant des modérateurs potentiels de la relation entre la SI et la SA, soit le nombre de placements vécus par l’’enfant, l’’âge de celui-ci lors du placement ainsi que la durée du placement. Le type de famille d’’accueil dans lequel vit l’’enfant est analysé comme étant en lien avec la sécurité d’’attachement par le biais d’une médiation de la SI. L’’échantillon est composé de 41 enfants. Les résultats permettent d’’identifier la SI comme étant un facteur prépondérant pour la SA de l’’enfant, alors que les symptômes de dépression ne semblent pas contribuer à celle-ci. Les caractéristiques du placement ne modèrent pas le lien trouvé entre la SI et la SA, ce qui renforce l’importance des facteurs plus proximaux pour l’’enfant, comme la SI. Le lien entre le type de famille d’’accueil et la SA semble médiatisé par la SI.

Les états et les stratégies qui favorisent le maintien professionnel de gestionnaires de la fonction publique du Québec.

Les problèmes de santé mentale liés au travail connaissent une forte croissance dans notre société. Les entreprises sont de plus en plus axées vers la performance autant individuelle qu'organisationnelle (Brun, 2003) en raison des conditions socio-économiques actuelles, du développement de nouvelles technologies et de la mondialisation. Ainsi, on demande de produire davantage avec moins. Cet état de fait entraîne alors une augmentation de l'apparition de ces troubles. Les gens sont appelés à se surpasser, à constamment aller au-delà de leurs capacités afin d'être concurrentiels. Les emplois sont également précaires, instables et les conditions de travail sont parfois difficiles. Autrefois, les hommes et les femmes ne connaissaient pas cette réalité. Ils pouvaient occuper même un emploi, au sein de la même entreprise et ce , tout au long de leur carrière. Leurs parcours étaient habituellement stables et linéaires (Bourdon, 2006). Toutefois, de nos jours, notre société axée sur l'économie du savoir amène les individus à s'adapter aux changements continuels et à acquérir de nouvelles connaissances pour assurer leur compétence en emploi. De ce fait, une conséquence majeure de la transformation du travail est la rupture du contrat psychologique traditionnel entre les personnes et les organisations. Le concept d'employabilité repose maintenant sur la sécurité en emploi et la responsabilité personnelle face à sa gestion de carrière (Lamoureux, 2000). Par conséquent, les individus n'ont plus les mêmes attentes envers leur organisation. Aujourd'hui, ils ne peuvent qu'espérer acquérir de l'expérience et avoir l'opportunité d'apprendre (Ibid.). Par ailleurs, une autre problématique qui découle de cette transformation est que la précarité et par le fait même, la pauvreté, peuvent désormais toucher tout individu, peu importe le niveau de scolarisation ou le secteur d'emploi (Bourdon, 2006). Ainsi, peu de gens sont à l'abri des changements pouvant survenir dans leur emploi, ce qui engendre parfois des effets néfastes sur la santé mentale des individus. Par conséquent, dans la littérature, certains chercheurs et chercheures (Brun, Biron et Ivers, 2007 ; Dion et Tessier, 1994 ; Maslach, Schaufeli et Leiter, 2001 ; Vézina et Bourbonnais, 2001) croient que les organisations et l'environnement de travail sont les principaux responsables des problèmes de santé psychologique au travail. Comme il a été mentionné précédemment, les technologies qui évoluent sans cesse, les modifications au travail, les fusions et les réorganisations internes font partie du quotidien des gestionnaires, des travailleuses et des travailleurs (Brun, 2003). Les individus doivent composer avec ces changements, qui engendrent parfois des problèmes de santé psychologique. Ils peuvent également vivre des tensions au travail, notamment par la surcharge de travail, par le manque de reconnaissance et par le manque de sollicitation dans la prise de décisions (Ibid.). Outre les changements organisationnels, certaines caractéristiques personnelles viennent influencer la manière dont un idividu réagit face à des situations difficiles. Le type de personnalité, le sexe et l'âge sont des caractéristiques qui peuvent rendre un individu plus vulnérable qu'un autre (Brun, 2003). Certaines personnes vivent également des problèmes personnels, conjugaux, financiers ou familiaux qui affectent leur travail. Ces différents facteurs sont alors susceptibles d'avoir un impact sur la santé mentale des individus. Face à cette problématique, Limoges (2001) et ses collaboratrices et ses collaborateurs (Caron, 1999 ; Cordeau, 1999 ; Lamarche, 2006 ; Langouche, 2004) ont voulu étudier le phénomène sous la forme préventive, du point de vue de la psychologie positive. Ils ont remarqué que malgré le fait que les problèmes de santé psychologique sont en hausses, bon nombre de travailleuses et travailleurs réussissaient quand même à se maintenir sainement au travail. Par conséquent, des chercheures et chercheurs (Caron, 1999 ; Cordeau, 1999 ; Lamarche, 2006 ; Langouche, 2004 ; Limoges, 2001) ont voulu connaître les stratégies de maintien des individus en bonne santé afin d'aider les plus souffrants à adopter de saines habitudes au travail. Pour ce faire, Caron (1999) a mené une recherche sur les stratégies utilisées par un groupe d'enseignants et d'enseignantes favorisant leur maintien professionnel. Cette étude a donné lieu à une taxinomie jusqu'à lors inexistante, représentant les stratégies utilisées par les individus afin de gérer les deux pôles du maintien, soit l'épuisement et l'obsolescence. Ensuite, Limoges (2001) a développé le paradigme du maintien professionnel, illustrant l'opposition entre ces deux pôles. Le modèle a également permis de décrire trois types de profils au travail, soit le maintien, l'épuiisement et l'obsolescence. Puis Langouche (2004) a repris le paradigme de Limoges dans son étude auprès d'un échantillon de travailleuses et de travailleurs belges afin d'estimer la répartition de ces sujets selon quatre profils de maintien (maintien, épuisement, obsolescence de Limoges (2001) et "double-profil" de Caron (1999)). Cette étude avait également pour objectif d'approfondir la réflexion sur l'amélioration du bien-être au travail des employées et des employés au sein de l'organisation dans laquelle la recherche a eu lieu (Ibid.). Par ailleurs, les recherches de Caron (1999), Langouche (2004) et Lamarche (2006) ont soulevé la présence d'un quatrième état, soit le "double-profil". Le "double-profil" résulte d'une combinaison des manifestations de l'épuisement et l'obsolescence. Suite à ces constatations, Lamarche (2006) a construit et validé un instrument psychométrique, le Questionnaire de la gestion du maintien au travail (QGMT), mesurant les états ainsi que les stratégies utilisés par les travailleuses et les travailleurss dans le but de connaître le profil de maintien des individus. À l'aide de cet outil, il est possible d'identifier le niveau de maintien d'un individu ainsi que le profil dans lequel il se situe (maintien, épuisement, obsolescence ou "double-profil") et d'autres états jusque-là inexplorés. Nous constatons que le maintien professionnel suscite un intérêt grandissant auprès de chercheurs et de chercheures. Puisque nous partageons également cet intérêt, ce présent essai porte sur ce concept. Notre préoccupation de recherche est alors de connaître la qualité du maintien au travail d'un groupe de gestionnaires de la fonction publique du Québec. Pour ce faire, nous allons examiner un groupe de gestionnaires tiré de la banque de données de la thèse doctorale de Lamarche (2006). Cette banque de données avait initialement pour but de procéder à la construction et à la validation d'un instrument psychométrique (QGMT). Conséquemment, la chercheure n'a pas réalisé d'analyses à partir de groupes d'appartenance. Nous trouvons alors intéressant de s'attarder à ce groupe précis de gestionnaires. Nous pourrons soumettre les sujets à des analyses stastistiques et examiner les états ainsi que les stratégies qu'ils utilisent afin de se maintenir au travail. Par ailleurs, nous avons ciblé ces individus en raison du peu de recherches consacrées à cette clientèle (Leclerc et Delmas, 2006). Nous constatons que ces individus sont susceptibles de vivre autant de problèmes de maintien au travail que les autres groupes de travailleurs et de travailleuses et qu'il est important de leur porter une attention particulière. Dans le premier chapitre, nous nous attarderons aux auteures et auteurs ayant traités de la problématique de santé psychologique au travail. Nous évoquerons également le rôle qu'ont les conseillers et les conseillères d'orientation face à la problématique de la santé mentale au travail. Au deuxième chapitre, nous examinerons les quatre profils de maintien au travail (maintien, épuisement, obsolescence et "double-profil") à l'aide de recherches menées à ce sujet. Nous exposerons également le paradigme du maintien professionnel de Limoges (2001) dans notre cadre théorique. Puis, le troisième chapitre sera consacré à la méthodologie de recherche, incluant la description de l'échantillon, l'outil de recherche (QGMT) et les procédures de traitement de données. Enfin, le quatrième chapitre exposera les résultats de notre recherche. Il comprendra également une discussion suite aux résultats obtenus ainsi que les limites à cette étude.

Impact of IS/IT Investments on Firm Performance: Does Stakeholder Orientation Matter?

This research project addresses a central question in the IS business value field: Does IS/IT investments impact positively on firm financial performance? IS/IT investments are seen as having an enormous potential impact on the competitive position of the firm, on its performance, and demand an active and motivated participation of several stakeholder groups. Actual research conducted in the Information Systems field, relating IS/IT investments with firm performance use transactions costs economics and resource-based view of the firm to try to explain and understand that relationship. However, it lacks to stress the importance of stakeholder management, as a moderator variable in that relationship. Stakeholder theory sees the firm as the hub centric to the spokes representing various stakeholders who were in essence equidistant to the firm, and survival and continuing profitability of the corporation depend upon its ability to fulfil its economic and social purpose, which is to create and distribute wealth or value sufficient to ensure that each primary stakeholder group continues as part of the corporation’s stakeholder system. Stakeholder theory in its instrumental version, argues that if a firm pays attention to the stakes of all stakeholder groups (and not just shareholders), it will obtain higher levels of financial performance. With this premise in mind, the aim of this paper is to discuss and test the use of stakeholder theory in the IS business value stream of research, in order to achieve a better understanding of the impact of IS/IT investments on firm performance (moderated by stakeholder management). To achieve the expected impact from an IS/IT investment, it is argued that firms need a strong commitment from those stakeholder groups, which lead us to the need of a corporate “stakeholder orientation”. When firm financial performance is measured by returns on assets (ROA), returns on investments (ROI) and returns on sales (ROS), the results show that “stakeholder orientation” impact positively in the relation between IS/IT and firm performance, using a sample of Portuguese large companies.

Effects of the orientation of the mountainside, altitude and varieties on the quality of the coffee beverage from the "Matas de Minas" region, brazilian Southeast.

Based upon qualitative parameters experiments, this study aims to investigate how the elements of the environment, where the coffee is produced, contribute to the final quality of the product. For the analyses, it was used approximately one kilogram of coffee cherry samples collected in 14municipalities previously chosen on the East side of the Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The coffee cherry samples were collected and analyzed for each of the two varieties in four levels of altitude for each exposure side of the mountain in relation to the Sun. The quality of the coffee was evaluated through the analysis of its physical characteristics and sensory analysis, popularly known as "Test of drink or Cupping" carried out by three tasters that belonging to the group of Q -Graders, according to the rules of national and international competitions of the Brazilian Association of Special Coffees (BSCA). Were performed analysis by means descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, all of them aiming to study the individual sensor y characteristics of quality of the coffee beverage from the ?Matas de Minas? region. Path coefficient analysis also was carried out for the partition of the phenotypic correlation coefficients into measures of direct and indirect effects, in order to determine the individual sensory characteristics that playeda major role in the beverage final score. The results demonstrat e that it is not possible to concl usively establish the differences among coffees evaluated with basis on varieties and environmental factors previously cited. It can be concluded that it is not recommended to associate the quality of coffee only to a specific factor whether from the environment or being it a specific of the culture of coffee. However, the cafes that were evaluated had intrinsic quality, which were derived from the specific characteristics of the ?Matas de Minas? region where they were grown.

La fede assoluta. Monomania religiosa, medicina legale e diritto penale nell'Italia postunitaria

Questo studio si concentra su tre direttrici fondamentali: la monomania religiosa, la medicina legale e il diritto penale nell'Italia postunitaria. Nell’ambito di un contesto temporale ben definito, i cui estremi cronologici coincidono con l’Unificazione italiana (1861) e con i primi anni del XX secolo, si sono approfondite le numerose implicazioni mediche e giuridiche della malattia mentale nella forma di monomania religiosa. In particolare, prendendo spunto da una serie di condotte criminali frutto di suggestione religiosa o di deliri ascetici in soggetti diagnosticati come ‛monomani’, si sono indagati i risvolti giuridico-processuali di alcune vicende fortemente rappresentative di tali percorsi. L'ampia documentazione d'archivio recuperata consente di verificare l'orientamento della magistratura all'indomani dell'entrata in vigore del Codice penale per il Regno d'Italia (1889). Nei casi esaminati, alla diagnosi di alienazione mentale degli imputati seguiva la dichiarazione di non imputabilità e l'affidamento degli stessi all'Autorità amministrativa che ne disponeva il ricovero in manicomio.

ConFido un metodo alternativo per la conoscenza del benessere mentale.

In questi ultimi anni la Pandemia di ha sconvolto in pochissime settimane il mondo che tutti eravamo soliti vivere. Se prendiamo in esame il caso della famosa “Gen Z”, tutti gli individui nati tra gli anni 1997 e 2012, riusciamo a stilare una serie di possibili cause, dovute all’impatto del Covid, che hanno avuto un ruolo fondamentale all’interno del contesto legati alla sfera mentale. In primis, la realtà quotidiana delle Scuole di tutta Europa è stata influenzata, basti pensare alla chiusura delle scuole, all’utilizzo della didattica a distanza e all’impreparazione di fronte a questa situazione da parte di insegnanti e di studenti. In secondo luogo l’utilizzo della tecnologia ha subìto nei giovani un incremento esponenziale, basta sapere che nell’anno della pandemia il tempo che i ragazzi hanno passato online è raddoppiato. A tutto ciò che è stato descritto occorre aggiungere la questione che riguarda il tabù sull’argomento della salute mentale e come esso viene affrontato dalle Istituzioni Scolastiche. L’approccio da parte dei giovani con questo argomento è difficoltoso: pregiudizi, impreparazione e un’errata comunicazione ne fanno da padroni. Da ciò si è voluta definire la domanda che ha guidato le attività del mio progetto: “Come posso permettere agli studenti delle Scuole superiori che entrano in contatto per la prima volta con le tematiche legate alla salute mentale di creare un approccio informale, libero e spontaneo e al tempo stesso di ottimizzare la comunicazione relativa all’ingaggio di tali argomenti?” L’elaborato del progetto propone da un lato, attraverso il sostegno degli enti che organizzano incontri extra-scolastici sulla salute mentale, un metodo di approccio alternativo e più attuale legato al contesto giovanile dall’altro, mediante l’ideazione di un’applicazione smartphone, si vuole proporre agli studenti uno strumento che sia di supporto all’introduzione del tema sfruttando canali innovativi di educazione, di divertimento e di condivisione.

Visual Navigation In The Neotropical Ant Odontomachus Hastatus (formicidae, Ponerinae), A Predominantly Nocturnal, Canopy-dwelling Predator Of The Atlantic Rainforest.

The arboreal ant Odontomachus hastatus nests among roots of epiphytic bromeliads in the sandy forest at Cardoso Island (Brazil). Crepuscular and nocturnal foragers travel up to 8m to search for arthropod prey in the canopy, where silhouettes of leaves and branches potentially provide directional information. We investigated the relevance of visual cues (canopy, horizon patterns) during navigation in O. hastatus. Laboratory experiments using a captive ant colony and a round foraging arena revealed that an artificial canopy pattern above the ants and horizon visual marks are effective orientation cues for homing O. hastatus. On the other hand, foragers that were only given a tridimensional landmark (cylinder) or chemical marks were unable to home correctly. Navigation by visual cues in O. hastatus is in accordance with other diurnal arboreal ants. Nocturnal luminosity (moon, stars) is apparently sufficient to produce contrasting silhouettes from the canopy and surrounding vegetation, thus providing orientation cues. Contrary to the plain floor of the round arena, chemical cues may be important for marking bifurcated arboreal routes. This experimental demonstration of the use of visual cues by a predominantly nocturnal arboreal ant provides important information for comparative studies on the evolution of spatial orientation behavior in ants. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neotropical Behaviour.

Neurodevelopment Of Small-for-gestational Age Infants: Behavioral Aspects In First Year.

The purpose of this study was to compare the behavior of full-term small-for-gestational age (SGA) with full-term appropriate-for gestational age (AGA) infants in the first year of life. We prospectively evaluated 68 infants in the 2nd month, 67 in the 6th month and 69 in the 12th month. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II were used, with emphasis on the Behavior Rating Scale (BRS). The groups were similar concerning the item interest in test materials and stimuli; there was a trend toward differences in the items negative affect, hypersensitivity to test materials and adaptation to change in test materials. The mean of Raw Score was significantly lower for the SGA group in the items predominant state, liability of state of arousal, positive affect, soothability when upset, energy, exploration of objects and surroundings, orientation toward examiner. A lower BRS score was associated with the SGA group in the 2nd month.

Fluorescence, Aggregation Properties And Ft-ir Microspectroscopy Of Elastin And Collagen Fibers.

Histological and histochemical observations support the hypothesis that collagen fibers can link to elastic fibers. However, the resulting organization of elastin and collagen type complexes and differences between these materials in terms of macromolecular orientation and frequencies of their chemical vibrational groups have not yet been solved. This study aimed to investigate the macromolecular organization of pure elastin, collagen type I and elastin-collagen complexes using polarized light DIC-microscopy. Additionally, differences and similarities between pure elastin and collagen bundles (CB) were investigated by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy. Although elastin exhibited a faint birefringence, the elastin-collagen complex aggregates formed in solution exhibited a deep birefringence and formation of an ordered-supramolecular complex typical of collagen chiral structure. The FT-IR study revealed elastin and CB peptide NH groups involved in different types of H-bonding. More energy is absorbed in the vibrational transitions corresponding to CH, CH2 and CH3 groups (probably associated with the hydrophobicity demonstrated by 8-anilino-1-naphtalene sulfonic acid sodium salt [ANS] fluorescence), and to νCN, δNH and ωCH2 groups of elastin compared to CB. It is assumed that the α-helix contribution to the pure elastin amide I profile is 46.8%, whereas that of the B-sheet is 20% and that unordered structures contribute to the remaining percentage. An FT-IR profile library reveals that the elastin signature within the 1360-1189cm(-1) spectral range resembles that of Conex-Toray aramid fibers.

Dysphagia Progression And Swallowing Management In Parkinson's Disease: An Observational Study.

Dysphagia is relatively common in individuals with neurological disorders. To describe the swallowing management and investigate associated factors with swallowing in a case series of patients with Parkinson's disease. It is a long-term study with 24 patients. The patients were observed in a five-year period (2006-2011). They underwent Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing, Functional Oral Intake Scale and therapeutic intervention every three months. In the therapeutic intervention they received orientation about exercises to improve swallowing. The Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's tests were used. The period of time for improvement or worsening of swallowing was described by Kaplan-Meier analysis. During the follow-up, ten patients improved, five stayed the same and nine worsened their swallowing functionality. The median time for improvement was ten months. Prior to the worsening there was a median time of 33 months of follow-up. There was no associated factor with improvement or worsening of swallowing. The maneuvers frequently indicated in therapeutic intervention were: chin-tuck, bolus consistency, bolus effect, strengthening-tongue, multiple swallows and vocal exercises. The swallowing management was characterized by swallowing assessment every three months with indication of compensatory and rehabilitation maneuvers, aiming to maintain the oral feeding without risks. There was no associated factor with swallowing functionality in this case series.

Diretrizes curriculares nacionais para o ensino médio: avaliação de documento

This text offers some contributions to the debate on the changes proposed to the National Curricular Directives to reform secondary education in Brazil. In the first part, the political and economic scene is evaluated as the context which generated the last stage of reforms in the educational field in the 90s. It questions the option for a model of structural reform (in the Brazilian case more restricted to the Program for Reform of Professional Education - PROEP) and of the curriculum, whose themes find their justification in the contemporary economic, social cultural and political context. It discusses the use of a model that bases itself on experiences developed in other countries and takes the international orientation of the multilateral organizations as its theoretical methodological reference, leaving out the peculiarities and injunctions of the Brazilian political administrative system. Such a policy measure can increase the tension and distance normally existing between government programs and the possibility of their real implementation in the school network. In the second part, it discusses the Resolution of the National Education Council, the Congress on Basic Education, no.3, of 16.698 that instituted the National Curricular Directives for secondary education, as well as the Legal Bases - Part I - of the National Curricular Parameters for secondary education. The analysis of official discourse takes Bardin's (1977, p. 209) proposals as its methodological reference for the models of structural analysis, seeking to make the implicit values and the connotations of the legal texts explicit

Levantamento e características ecológicas de orchidacea e da mata ciliar do rio dourados, Dourados-MS

The Orchidaceae is one of the largest flowering plants family and with a great importance to conservation. However, no survey on orchid flowers can be found in Mato Grosso do Sul. Thus, the objective of this work was to make a survey of the Orchidaceae species and of its ecology features in a riparian forest in a fragment of Floresta Estacional Semi-Decidual that belongs to the riparian forest of the Dourados River. The inventory was made by using a sweeping method for collection, and in addition to this the vertical and horizontal position of epiphytes were assessed on the hosts. For characterization of microclimate, it was used a thermohygrometer and luximeter. It was identified 17 species of 13 genera. Of the listed genera, the most abundant ones were: Acianthera, Macradenia and Capanemia. It was also noted a vertical and horizontal distribution of the Orchidaceae in relation to inverse gradient of water and light availability. Some species tended to be sensitive to height level categorization, whereas others seemed to occur with similar frequency along the host. In relation to the cardinal orientation, the apparent preferential response for south and east directions was associated to the low sampling effort and lower water availability, which could occur because the north face is opposed to the water body.

A motivação de alunos no contexto da progressão continuada

This study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic motivacional orientations of students in the context of the educational continuous progression. The sample was composed of 160 subjects of second, fourth, sixth and eighth grades of the elementary school. Data was collected by means of the presentation of histories involving the intrinsic, extrinsic motivation and the educational continuous progression system. Subjects were interviewed individually. Their answers were transcribed verbatim and submitted to content analysis. Results indicated that a expressive percentage of students did not know the educational system of continuous progression. Students revealed a predominantly intrinsic motivation orientation with advances in age and in school grade level, even though knowing that they will not repeat any school grade. This study pointed out the importance of deepening our knowledge concerning the impact of the educational continuous progression in students' motivation to learn.

O aluno portador de visão subnormal na escola regular: desafio para o professor?

Purpose:1) To check self-knowledge and needs for orientation among regular class teachers working with low vision students; 2) To gather information to assist the training on visual deficiency of regular class teachers. Methods: A survey was conducted for the academic year of 1999 among those teachers working in public schools, Campinas/SP/Brazil, of which 11 were municipal and 9 state schools, respectively 79.0% and 90.0% of these schools. A self-administered questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. Results: The sample was composed of 50 teachers with a regular class experience averaging 20 years. Most of them, 94.0%, said that they had no specific preparation in the area of low vision. Only 18 teachers declared to have received some kind of information/orientation in order to work with their low vision students and of those only 15 teachers mentioned the kind of orientation received. The whole group of 50 declared interest in receiving information. From the information/orientation requested 66.0% mentioned extended working class materials, 50.0% visual performance and eye disease of their students and 46.0% visual acuity/visual field. Conclusion: It was detected that teachers of regular classes received none or little information about their low vision students but demonstrated interest in its obtention. It was also shown that those teachers are not prepared to work with visually impaired children.

Analise cinematica da movimentação dos membros superiores e inferiores, tronco e cabeça durante a marcha de hemipareticos

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física