Caracterização agro-sócio-econômica de unidades agrícolas de assentamentos de Manaus.

Caracterizacao agricola e socioeconomica das unidades agricolas de assentamentos de Manaus (AM), por meio da caracterizacao dos assentamentos, dos produtores e dos sistemas de uso da terra. Segundo o estudo realizado, o insucesso economico e' o principal fator de migracao dos produtores para capital e/ou outro assentamento; a fragmentacao e/ou agregacao de lotes e resultado tanto da compra de lotes adjacentes como da divisao dos lotes com familiares ou venda de parte dos lotes como alternativa de viabilizar o restante; os cultivos de subsistencia e de especies perenes foram mais frequentes nos sistemas de uso da terra dos assentamentos estudados; a producao animal parece de pouca importancia comercial por serem criados mais para subsistencia que para venda; e a falta de organizacao na producao e na comercializacao, associada a falta de infra-estrutura adequada, restringem o desenvolvimento socioeconomico dos produtores nos assentamentos.

A cultura do cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum.).

Cupuaçu: classificacao botanica, origem e distribuicao, condicoes climaticas e fenologia, propagacao, implantacao da cultura, tratos culturais, doencas e pragas e seu controle, produtividade, colheita e beneficiamento, produtos derivados, comercializacao, coeficientes tecnicos, no Estado do Amazonas (Brasil).

Recuperação de matas de galeria.

Esse manual para recuperacao de Matas de Galeria da regiao do Brasil Central enfatiza que os plantios devem utilizar especies nativas do local a ser reabilitado, respeitando as condicoes encontradas na microbacia, tais como umidade, fertilidade do solo e luminosidade. As sugestoes propostas procuram reestruturar o ambiente de forma que este retorne o mais rapido e semelhante possivel as condicoes originais, buscando atender a crescente demanda da sociedade e do governo que solicitam subsidios para recuperar matas que foram degradadas por causa das pressoes do desenvolvimento economico. O manual foi elaborado com base na experiencia dos autores, em pesquisas de campo e de laboratorio, alem de sintetizar informacoes disponiveis na literatura. O texto busca auxiliar na elaboracao e na execucao de projetos de revegetacao, fornecendo, por exemplo, elementos para a escolha das especies e as tecnicas mais adequadas de plantio. Assim, o ambiente Mata de Galeria e conceituado em seus dois tipos: inundavel e nao inundavel com suas principais especies. Em seguida, discutem-se aspectos da estrutura e da dinamica da vegetacao e fatores a serem considerados na recuperacao dessas matas. E fornecida tambem a listagem de 89 especies lenhosas, ressaltando suas caracteristicas em relacao a luz, ao porte, a fertilidade e a drenagem do solo, seus usos mais comuns e epoca de maturacao de frutos para a coleta das sementes. Recomendam-se plantios em curva de nivel, procurando respeitar a ocorrencia original das especies na mata, em relacao ao regime hidrico dos rios e suas margens. Sao ainda fornecidos subsidios para coleta de sementes e producao de mudas em viveiro e ainda tres modelos de plantio definitivo no campo, com a distribuicao esquematica de grupos de especies e recomendacoes para a sua manutencao.

Epidemiologia da sigatoka negra da bananeira (Musa spp).

Estudo sobre o progresso da sigatoka negra em bananeiras, associado a variacoes e/ou efeitos de variaveis climaticas, que permitem prever as epocas de maior severidade e/ou surtos da doenca, de forma a estabelecer estrategias de controle mais viaveis do ponto de vista economico-ambiental no Estado do Amazonas (Brasil).

Effectiveness and safety of cryotherapy after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A systematic review of the literature

Cryotherapy is widely used in rehabilitation; however, its effectiveness after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains uncertain. To investigate the effectiveness and safety of cryotherapy following ACL reconstruction through a systematic review, randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials were searched in the databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL PEDro, SportDiscus, CINAHL, LILACS (June 2013). the primary outcomes measures were pain, edema and adverse events; the secondary outcomes were knee function, analgesic medication use, range of motion, blood loss, hospital stay, quality of life and patient satisfaction. the methodological quality of studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool. Ten trials (a total of 573 patients) were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that the use of cold compression devices produced a significant reduction in pain scores 48 h after surgery (p < 0.00001), compared to no cryotherapy. the risk for adverse events did not differ between patients receiving cryotherapy versus no treatment (p = 1.00). the limited evidence currently available is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions on the effectiveness of cryotherapy for other outcomes. There is a need for well designed, good quality randomized trials to answer other questions related to this intervention and increase the precision of future systematic reviews. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Il Sistema di Revenue Management strumento per lo sviluppo turistico sostenibile delle destinazioni

Businesses interact constantly with the environment, realizing several and heterogeneous exchanges. Organizations can be considered a system of different interests, frequently conflicting and the satisfaction of different stakeholders is a condition of success and survival. National and international literature attempts to explain the complex connection between companies and environment. In particular, the Stakeholder Theory considers crucial for businesses the identification of different stakeholders and their involvement in decision-making process. In this context, profit can not be considered the only purpose of companies existence and business aims become more numerous and different. The Stakeholder Theory is often utilized as framework for tourism studies, in particular in Sustainable Tourism Development research. In fact, authors consider sustainable the tourism development able to satisfy interests of different stakeholders, traditionally identified as local community and government, businesses, tourists and natural environment. Tourism businesses have to guarantee the optimal use of natural resources, the respect of socio-cultural tradition of local community and the creation of socio-economic benefits for all stakeholders in destinations. An obstacle to sustainable tourism development that characterizes a number of destinations worldwide is tourism demand seasonality. In fact, its negative impact on the environment, economy and communities may be highly significant. Pollution, difficulties in the use of public services, stress for residents, seasonal incomes, are all examples of the negative effects of seasonality. According to the World Tourism Organization (2004) the limitation of seasonality can favour the sustainability of tourism. Literature suggests private and public strategies to minimize the negative effects of tourism seasonality, as diversification of tourism products, identification of new market segments, launching events, application of public instruments like eco-taxes and use of differential pricing policies. Revenue Management is a managerial system based on differential pricing and able to affect price sensitive tourists. This research attempts to verify if Revenue Management, created to maximize profits in tourism companies, can also mitigate the seasonality of tourism demand, producing benefits for different stakeholders of destinations and contributing to Sustainable Tourism Development. In particular, the study attempts to answer the following research questions: 1) Can Revenue Management control the flow of tourist demand? 2) Can Revenue Management limit seasonality, producing benefits for different stakeholders of a destination? 3) Can Revenue Management favor the development of Sustainable Tourism? The literature review on Stakeholder Theory, Sustainable Tourism Development, tourism seasonality and Revenue Management forms the foundation of the research, based on a case study approach looking at a significant destination located in the Southern coast of Sardinia, Italy. A deductive methodology was applied and qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized. This study shows that Revenue Management has the potential to limit tourism seasonality, to mitigate negative impacts occurring from tourism activities, producing benefits for local community and to contribute to Sustainable Tourism Development.

L'azione economica tra etica e neurobiologia

The heated debate over the conflict between ethics and economics is often described as an epochal issue, an expression of present-day fragility, resulting from the implosion of the development model, which has characterised western society. The debate, however, exposes a paradox. Whilst, on the one hand, the neoclassical economic theory is radically criticized, on the other such criticism does not appear to delineate any solid, practicable alternative. Thus, the mainstream economic theory is still taught, practised by individuals as well as institutions, and further developed by the prevailing academic research. For this reason, a viable alternative needs to be sought, along with a new research methodology, which would allow to apply novel and more coherent theoretical assumptions into effective research and real cases. The theoretical instruments by which to create the models for human behaviour need to take into account the biological foundation of behaviour, expressed in evolutionary genetics terms. The aim of this paper is to establish whether our moral knowledge of economics may claim any scientific objectivity in light of advances in subject areas that differ in their scope and methods: moral philosophy, economics, cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence, each of which makes a specific contribution to understanding the operation of the human mind and towards forming the moral values onto which economic choice and action are founded. Given that the object of the study of economic science is the analysis of complex systems, nowadays the most efficient method seems to be artificial life simulation.

A multichannel detector array with 768 pixels developed for electron spectroscopy

Langstaff, David; Chase, T., (2007) 'A multichannel detector array with 768 pixels developed for electron spectroscopy', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 573(1-2) pp.169-171 RAE2008

Molecular dynamics-based approach to study the anisotropic self-diffusion of molecules in porous materials with multiple cage types: Application to H-2 in losod

Van den Berg, A. W. C., Flikkema, E., Lems, S., Bromley, S. T., Jansen, J. C. (2006). Molecular dynamics-based approach to study the anisotropic self-diffusion of molecules in porous materials with multiple cage types: Application to H-2 in losod. Journal of physical chemistry b, 110 (1), 501-506. RAE2008

O desenvolvimento sustentável na gestão de resíduos

O desenvolvimento sustentável é um apelo a uma abordagem distinta do desenvolvimento e a um tipo diferente de cooperação internacional: reconhece que as decisões tomadas numa parte do mundo podem afectar as pessoas de outras regiões e exige medidas ambiciosas que visem promover, a nível mundial, condições que apoiem o progresso e benefícios para todos.

Planning humanitarian projects with educational focus in Guinea rural areas

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Acção Humanitária, Cooperação e Desenvolvimento

Catholic grievances in relation to the administration of Indian affairs : being a report presented to the Catholic Young Men's National Union, at its eighth annual convention, held in Boston, Massachusetts, May 10th and 11th, 1882

http://www.archive.org/details/catholicgrieva00mealrich

Paracetamol metabolism in postoperative patients

Introduction: Despite being available for more than 50 years, there is still much to learn about paracetamol. Postoperative analgesic regimens that maintain good pain control while minimising exposure to opiates are beneficial and paracetamol has had a resurgence in this role since an IV formulation came to market. However there is evidence to suggest currently licensed doses are sub-therapeutic, especially when administered orally or rectally. Higher, unlicensed doses are now being advocated but, prior to this study, there was little evidence of their safety in surgical patients. When assessing drug safety in surgical patients a number of surgery and patient related factors influence results, and these must be considered. Methods: Major and intermediate surgical patients were recruited from two hospitals in Ireland. They were administered IV paracetamol at either 9g or 4g daily doses. In addition they received daily sub therapeutic doses of four other medicines to indicate the activity of their CYP450 enzymes that are involved in paracetamol metabolism. Urine and blood samples were collected to determine paracetamol pharmacokinetics, CYP450 activity, inflammatory cytokine concentration and for evidence of hepatotoxicity. Results: There were 33 patients that participated in the study. There was no evidence of clinically significant hepatotoxicity occurring in any patient during the study period, but there could have been changes following this time. Paracetamol disposition was shown to change, however half-life remained relatively constant. There were a number of changes to the way paracetamol was metabolised following surgery that maintained this rate of elimination. Conclusion: Doses of up to 9g per day given to major surgical patients for up to five days postoperatively produced no evidence of hepatotoxicity. Further research is warranted to determine the clinical utility of these higher doses