Potentials of biogas production from young bulls manure fed with different diets

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Nutrient intake, productive performance and body measurements of dairy heifers fed with different sources of protein

This study evaluated the effect of different protein sources (soybean meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal and sunflower meal) on dry matter and nutrient intake, productive performance and body measurements of dairy heifers, Holstein x Zebu, recreated in confinement. The experiment consisted in a randomized complete block design made up by 6 replications and 4 treatments. The mean values of ingestion of ether extract (EEI, kg day-1) were statistically different (p < 0.05). The neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI, %BW) also presented differences (p < 0.05), with higher values in the diet containing sunflower meal (1.01% BW) in relation to the diet with soybean meal (0.84% BW). The average daily weight gain using the diet with soybean meal was superior (0.95 kg day-1) to the diet with sunflower meal (0.82 kg day-1), and considering the final body weight, the diet with soybean meal was superior to the other treatments (p < 0.05). The heart girth presented greater association with body weight (0.93). The soybean meal promoted the best productive performance of crossbred Holstein x Zebu heifers fed diets based on sugarcane. However, cottonseed meal, peanut meal and sunflower meal can be possible alternatives to soybean meal.

Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nellore and Canchim bulls fed diets supplemented with vitamins D and E

O experimento foi conduzido no setor de confinamento da Unesp, campus de Botucatu, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da suplementação das vitaminas D e E sobre o desempenho animal, características de carcaça e qualidade de carne de bovinos jovens confinados. Foram utilizados 36 machos inteiros, 18 Nelore (NEL) e 18 Canchim (CAC), de sete meses de idade com peso vivo inicial médio de 234,53 ± 22,15 e 248,13 ± 34,67 kg, respectivamente, os quais foram confinados por 126 dias. Nove animais NEL e nove CAC foram suplementados diariamente com 1300 UI de vitamina E e 7,5x10(6) UI de vitamina D3 durante 67 e dez dias antes do abate, respectivamente. Um dia antes do abate foram coletadas amostras de sangue para avaliação do cálcio plasmático. Na desossa, foram colhidas amostras do músculo Longissimus (LM) para análises como força de cisalhamento, índice de fragmentação miofibrilar, lipídeos totais, concentração de vitaminas D e E e tempo de prateleira. Foi observado aumento (p < 0,01) do nível de cálcio plasmático pela suplementação, o que indica atuação da vitamina D no organismo animal. No entanto, não houve efeito (p > 0,05) da suplementação de vitaminas D e E sobre o desempenho, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne.

High-fiber diets with reduced crude protein for commercial layers

This study aimed at evaluating diets containing different fiber sources and two crude protein levels on the performance, egg quality, and nitrogen metabolism of commercial layers. In total, 392 48-wk-old Isa Brown layers were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 3x2+1 (control) factorial arrangement, resulting in seven treatments with seven replicates of eight birds each. Treatments consisted of three fiber feedstuffs (cottonseed hulls, soybean hulls, and rice hulls) and two dietary crude protein levels (12% and 16%). Cottonseed hulls associated with the high crude protein level (16%) resulted in the worst feed conversion ratio per dozen eggs. Diets with 16% crude protein resulted in the highest feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass values, and improved feed conversion ratio (kg eggs/kg feed). The dietary inclusion of soybean hulls determined low yolk pigmentation, and of rice hulls, low egg specific gravity. The 16% crude protein diet with rice hulls promoted the best feed conversion ratio. Hens fed the reference diet presented higher egg mass and better feed conversion ratio per kg eggs and per dozen eggs. Hens fed the diets with low crude protein level (12%) had reduced nitrogen excretion, but presented worse egg production.

Óleo de linhaça na dieta de fêmeas e machos castrados Nelore x Canchim, terminados em confinamento

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Sources of omega-6 fatty acids do not alter the rumen degradation and transit of fibre from dairy cow diets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of fibre in the digestive tract on the basis of the passage kinetics of forage and concentrate particles in cows fed different omega-6 fatty-acid sources. The scientific hypothesis of this study was that omega-6 fatty acids do not interfere with the digestion of fibre in the diets of dairy cows. Five primiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in the experiment. The experimental diets were: control (C), ground soyabean (GS), cottonseed (CS), soyabean oil (SO), calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA). The global mean estimates for the parameters of passage rate (gamma) were 0.038 and 0.055 h(-1) for forage and concentrate, respectively. The only significant effect with respect to the passage rate was a high negative correlation between the concentrate passage rate and dry matter intake. There was less undegradable neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in treatments without added lipid. Dietary supplementation with lipid sources does not alter the kinetic parameters of roughage and concentrate particle passage or in vitro NDF degradation. Sources of omega-6 fatty acids do not alter the rumen degradation and transit of fibre.

Structural bases for a complete myotoxic mechanism: Crystal structures of two non-catalytic phospholipases A(2)-like from Bothrops brazili venom

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Hybrid sorubim viscera protein concentrate in the diets for barred sorubim

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fibra de cana-de-açúcar na alimentação de leitões recém-desmamados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Rafinose na alimentação de leitões recém-desmamados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

A espectroscopia de reflectância no infravermelho próximo pode predizer consumo, digestibilidade e balanço do nitrogênio de dietas alto concentrado de ovinos

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Resíduo de abacaxi em programa de restrição alimentar qualitativa para suínos pesados

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Effect of manganese supplementation on the membrane integrity and the mitochondrial potential of the sperm of grazing Nelore bulls

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Molecular and phylogenetic characterization based on the complete genome of a virulent pathotype of Newcastle disease virus isolated in the 1970s in Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impact of Replacing Conventional Complete Dentures with Implant-Supported Fixed Complete Dentures

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of replacing conventional mandibular complete dentures with implant-supported fixed complete dentures (ISFDs) on the oral health related quality of life (OHOOL) of edentulous patients and on the associated kinesiographic parameters. The patients had their complete dentures replaced by ISFDs and were assessed after 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months. An improvement of general OHQOL was observed 2 months after treatment with ISFDs. Kinesiographic recordings revealed significant mandibular vertical and horizontal opening increases and a greater vertical intrusion of the maxillary complete dentures during clenching after the treatment with ISFD.