Screening for Language Disorders in Stroke: German Validation of the Language Screening Test (LAST)

BACKGROUND Screening of aphasia in acute stroke is crucial for directing patients to early language therapy. The Language Screening Test (LAST), originally developed in French, is a validated language screening test that allows detection of a language deficit within a few minutes. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate two parallel German versions of the LAST. METHODS The LAST includes subtests for naming, repetition, automatic speech, and comprehension. For the translation into German, task constructs and psycholinguistic criteria for item selection were identical to the French LAST. A cohort of 101 stroke patients were tested, all of whom were native German speakers. Validation of the LAST was based on (1) analysis of equivalence of the German versions, which was established by administering both versions successively in a subset of patients, (2) internal validity by means of internal consistency analysis, and (3) external validity by comparison with the short version of the Token Test in another subset of patients. RESULTS The two German versions were equivalent as demonstrated by a high intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91. Furthermore, an acceptable internal structure of the LAST was found (Cronbach's α = 0.74). A highly significant correlation (r = 0.74, p < 0.0001) between the LAST and the short version of the Token Test indicated good external validity of the scale. CONCLUSION The German version of the LAST, available in two parallel versions, is a new and valid language screening test in stroke.

Scelte commedie di Carlo Goldoni.

v. 1-2. Memorie del signor Goldoni -- v. 3. La bottega del caffè ; Pamela nubile ; Pamela maritata ; Il cavaliere e la dama -- v. 4. Un curioso accidente ; Gl'innamorati ; L'impresario delle Smirne ; Il matrimonio perconcorso -- v. 5. Le smanie per la villeggiatura ; Le avventure della villeggiatura ; Il ritorno dalla villegiatura ; La locandiera -- v. 6. Gli amori di Zelinda e Lindoro ; La gelosia di Lindoro ; Le inquietudini di Zelinda ; La scozzese -- v. 7. Il padre di famiglia ; Chi la fa l'aspetta ; La buona madre ; La casa nova -- v. 8. La vedova scaltra ; La finta ammalata ; L'avventuriere onorato ; La dama prudente -- v. 9. Il vero amico ; La donna di maneggio ; I malcontenti ; La villeggiatura --v. 10. L'avvocato veneziano ; Il feudatario ; Le donne curiose ; Il burbero benefico -- v. 11. La famiglia dell'antiquario ; Il bugiardo ; I rusteghi ; La moglie saggia -- v. 12. La sposa persiana ; Ircana in Julfa ; Ircana in Ispaan ; La dalmantina.

Neuroscience at the new millennium : priorities and plans for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, fiscal years 2000-2001.

"August 1999."

Bernhardi Verzaschae Exercitatio de apoplexia et paralysi.

Mode of access: Internet.

Collezione completa delle commedie del Signor Carlo Goldoni, avvocato veneziano ...

v. 28. La castalda. Il geloso avaro. Ircana in Ispaan.--v. 29. Il contrattempo. L'uomo di mondo. La peruviana.--v. 30. L'impresario delle Smirne. L'uomo prudente. La dalmatina.--v. 31. La dama prudente. Il giuocatore. La pupilla.--v. 32. Il buon compatriotto. I puntigli domestici. Il ricco insidiato.--v. 33. L'incognita. Le donne di buon umore. La vedova spiritosa.--v. 34. Gli amanti timidi. Le donne gelose. Il medico olandese.--v. 35. La putta onorata. La buona moglie. Il festino.--v. 36. La casa nova. La buona madre. La bella selvaggia.--v. 37. La Griselda. Il filosofo inglese. Il campiello.--v. 38. La donna bizzarra. L'amante di sè medesimo. La scuola di ballo.--v. 39. Il padre per amore. La sposa sagace. Don Giovanni Tenorio.--v. 40. Il cavalier giocondo. Lo spirito di contraddizione. Rinaldo di Mont'Albano.--v. 41. Il Terenzio. Il Torquato Tasso. Il Moliere. La metempsicosi.

Traité de l'apoplexie et de ses différentes espèces : avec une nouvelle méthode curative, dont l'utilité est prouvée par l'expérience ... on y traite également de la paralysie et de ses differentes especes particulières /

Mode of access: Internet.

Burden of heart disease and stroke in Illinois : mortality, morbidity and risk factors.

"February 2007"

Heart disease and stroke in Illinois : now is the time for public health action : 2007-2012 state plan.

"6/07"--Colophon.

Illinois Stroke Task Force annual report to the General Assembly.

Description based on: 2006 (Jan. 2008) ; title from cover.

Stroke = brain attack : every minute counts! : stroke rehabilitation resource and information guide.

"8/06"--Colophon.

Stroke : hope through research /

Mode of access: Internet.

Stroke : research highlights /

Mode of access: Internet.

What you should know about stroke and stroke prevention /

Mode of access: Internet.

Facts about-- women : heart disease and stroke.

Mode of access: Internet.

Role of smoking in global and regional cardiovascular mortality

Background - Smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease mortality. There is little information on how it contributes to global and regional cause-specific mortality from cardiovascular diseases for which background risk varies because of other risks. Method and Results - We used data from the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS II) and the World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease mortality database to estimate smoking-attributable deaths from ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and a cluster of other cardiovascular diseases for 14 epidemiological subregions of the world by age and sex. We used lung cancer mortality as an indirect marker for accumulated smoking hazard. CPS-II hazards were adjusted for important covariates. In the year 2000, an estimated 1.62 (95% CI, 1.27 to 2.04) million cardiovascular deaths in the world, 11% of total global cardiovascular deaths, were due to smoking. Of these, 1.17 million deaths were among men and 450 000 among women. There were 670 000 (95% CI, 440 000 to 920 000) smoking-attributable cardiovascular deaths in the developing world and 960 000 (95% CI, 770 000 to 1 200 000) in industrialized regions. Ischemic heart disease accounted for 54% of smoking-attributable cardiovascular mortality, followed by cerebrovascular disease (25%). There was variability across regions in the role of smoking as a cause of various cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions - More than 1 in every 10 cardiovascular deaths in the world in the year 2000 were attributable to smoking, demonstrating that it is an important preventable cause of cardiovascular mortality.