Diagnostic de sécurité d’une entreprise brésilienne à partir de l’analyse des accidents du travail par la méthode de l’arbre des causes

We present here the results of a study of 21 work-related accidents that occurred in a Brazilian manufacturing company. The aim was to assess the safety level of the company to improve its work accident prevention policy. In the last 6 months of 1992 and 1993, all accidents resulting in 15 days' absence from work, reported for social security purposes, were analyzed using the INRS causal tree method (ADC) and a questionnaire completed on site. Potential risk factors for accidents were identified based on the specific factors highlighted by the ADC. More universal trees were also compiled for the safety assessment. Three hundred and thirty specific accident factors were recorded (mean of 15.71 per accident). This is consistent with there being multiple causes of accidents rather than the assertion of Brazilian business safety departments that accidents are due to dangerous or unsafe behavior. Introducing the idea of culpability into accidents prevents the implementation of an appropriate information feedback process, essential for effective prevention. However, the large number of accidents related to material (78%) and environment (70%) indicates that working conditions are poor. This shows that the technical risks, mostly due to unsafe machinery and equipment are not being dealt with. Seventy-five potential accident factors were identified. Of these, 35% were organizational, a high proportion for the company studied. Improvisation occurs at all levels, particularly at the organizational level. This is thus a major determinant for entire series of, if not most, accident situations. The poor condition of equipment also plays a major role in accidents. The effects of poor equipment on safety exacerbate the organizational shortcomings. The company's safety intervention policy should improve the management of human resources (rules designating particular workers for particular workstations; instructions for the safe operation of machines and equipment; training of operators, etc.) and introduce programs to detect risks and to improve the safety of machines and equipment. We also recommend the establishment of a program to follow the results of any preventive measures adopted.

Programa de trabajo y orden de prelación: informe del Secretario Ejecutivo a la Comisión Económica para América Latina en su cuarto período de sesiones sobre la marcha de los trabajos = Work programme and priorities: Progress Report by the Executive Secretary to the Fourth Session of the Economic Commission for Latin America = Programme du travail et ordre des prioritats: Rapport soumis par le Secretaire Executif a la cuatrieme session de la Commission Economique pour l'Amerique Latine sur l'etat d'avancement des travaux

Incluye Bibliografía

Resolución 430(XIX): Comercio internacional y acceso a los mercados = Resolution 430(XIX): International trade and access to markets = Résolution 430(XIX): Commerce international et accès aux marchés

Publicado separadamete en cada idioma

Resolución 437(XIX): Acceso a las fuentes de información = Resolution 437(XIX): Access to sources of information = Résolution 437(XIX): Accès aux sources d'information

Publicado separadamete en cada idioma

Resoluciones y decisiones de la CEPAL y sus organismos subsidiarios que traen consecuencias para el CDCC = Action taken on CDCC resolutions and those of ECLAC, ECOSOC and the United Nations General Assembly with implications for CDCC = Actions relatives aux résolutions du CDCC et a celles de la CEPALC, du Conseil Economique et Social et de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies ayant des incidences sur le CDCC

Revisa las acciones tomadas en relacion con las resoluciones del CDCC y aquellas de la CEPAL, Consejo Economico y Social y Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas con implicancias para el CDCC.

Action taken on CDCC resolutions and resolutions of ECLAC and other United Nations bodies with implications for CDCC = Actions relatives aux résolutions du CDCC de la CEPALC et d'autres organismes des Nations Unies ayant des incidences sur le CDCC

Revisa las acciones seguidas en relacion con resoluciones del CDCC, la CEPAL y otros organismos de Naciones Unidas, con repercusiones para el CDCC.

Les ornements dans l'architecture: comment préserver la mémoire du travail des artisans et des artists

This paper deals with one aspecto f a survey which has been carried out for my doctorate thesis, and with parto f what I have studied within the thematic Project FAPESP concerning the presence of foreign professional in São Paulo, coordinated by Prof. Dr. Ana Lúcia Duarte Lanna, between 2007 and 2011. My purpose is, starting from those thoughts , top ut in evidence the potential of sources and reports relating to the work porocesses of craftsmen and artists decorators linked with the environment of architectural practeces and the decoration of interiors in the first half of the XXth century. That preoccupation has accompanied me since the beginnings of my doctorate work, devoted to the study of the production, the circulation and the modes of appropriation of ornaments in teh field of architecture.