Post-Procedural Troponin Elevation and Clinical Outcomes Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

BACKGROUND Biomarkers of myocardial injury increase frequently during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The impact of postprocedural cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation on short-term outcomes remains controversial, and the association with long-term prognosis is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated 577 consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis treated with TAVI between 2007 and 2012. Myocardial injury, defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 as post-TAVI cardiac troponin T (cTnT) >15× the upper limit of normal, occurred in 338 patients (58.1%). In multivariate analyses, myocardial injury was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality at 30 days (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 8.77; 95% CI, 2.07-37.12; P=0.003) and remained a significant predictor at 2 years (adjusted HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.36-2.88; P<0.001). Higher cTnT cutoffs did not add incremental predictive value compared with the VARC-2-defined cutoff. Whereas myocardial injury occurred more frequently in patients with versus without coronary artery disease (CAD), the relative impact of cTnT elevation on 2-year mortality did not differ between patients without CAD (adjusted HR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.27-5.26; P=0.009) and those with CAD (adjusted HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.10-2.65; P=0.018; P for interaction=0.24). Mortality rates at 2 years were lowest in patients without CAD and no myocardial injury (11.6%) and highest in patients with complex CAD (SYNTAX score >22) and myocardial injury (41.1%). CONCLUSIONS VARC-2-defined cTnT elevation emerged as a strong, independent predictor of 30-day mortality and remained a modest, but significant, predictor throughout 2 years post-TAVI. The prognostic value of cTnT elevation was modified by the presence and complexity of underlying CAD with highest mortality risk observed in patients combining SYNTAX score >22 and evidence of myocardial injury.

Code-switching: a touchstone of models of bilingual language production

The goal of the present thesis was to investigate the production of code-switched utterances in bilinguals’ speech production. This study investigates the availability of grammatical-category information during bilingual language processing. The specific aim is to examine the processes involved in the production of Persian-English bilingual compound verbs (BCVs). A bilingual compound verb is formed when the nominal constituent of a compound verb is replaced by an item from the other language. In the present cases of BCVs the nominal constituents are replaced by a verb from the other language. The main question addressed is how a lexical element corresponding to a verb node can be placed in a slot that corresponds to a noun lemma. This study also investigates how the production of BCVs might be captured within a model of BCVs and how such a model may be integrated within incremental network models of speech production. In the present study, both naturalistic and experimental data were used to investigate the processes involved in the production of BCVs. In the first part of the present study, I collected 2298 minutes of a popular Iranian TV program and found 962 code-switched utterances. In 83 (8%) of the switched cases, insertions occurred within the Persian compound verb structure, hence, resulting in BCVs. As to the second part of my work, a picture-word interference experiment was conducted. This study addressed whether in the case of the production of Persian-English BCVs, English verbs compete with the corresponding Persian compound verbs as a whole, or whether English verbs compete with the nominal constituents of Persian compound verbs only. Persian-English bilinguals named pictures depicting actions in 4 conditions in Persian (L1). In condition 1, participants named pictures of action using the whole Persian compound verb in the context of its English equivalent distractor verb. In condition 2, only the nominal constituent was produced in the presence of the light verb of the target Persian compound verb and in the context of a semantically closely related English distractor verb. In condition 3, the whole Persian compound verb was produced in the context of a semantically unrelated English distractor verb. In condition 4, only the nominal constituent was produced in the presence of the light verb of the target Persian compound verb and in the context of a semantically unrelated English distractor verb. The main effect of linguistic unit was significant by participants and items. Naming latencies were longer in the nominal linguistic unit compared to the compound verb (CV) linguistic unit. That is, participants were slower to produce the nominal constituent of compound verbs in the context of a semantically closely related English distractor verb compared to producing the whole compound verbs in the context of a semantically closely related English distractor verb. The three-way interaction between version of the experiment (CV and nominal versions), linguistic unit (nominal and CV linguistic units), and relation (semantically related and unrelated distractor words) was significant by participants. In both versions, naming latencies were longer in the semantically related nominal linguistic unit compared to the response latencies in the semantically related CV linguistic unit. In both versions, naming latencies were longer in the semantically related nominal linguistic unit compared to response latencies in the semantically unrelated nominal linguistic unit. Both the analysis of the naturalistic data and the results of the experiment revealed that in the case of the production of the nominal constituent of BCVs, a verb from the other language may compete with a noun from the base language, suggesting that grammatical category does not necessarily provide a constraint on lexical access during the production of the nominal constituent of BCVs. There was a minimal context in condition 2 (the nominal linguistic unit) in which the nominal constituent was produced in the presence of its corresponding light verb. The results suggest that generating words within a context may not guarantee that the effect of grammatical class becomes available. A model is proposed in order to characterize the processes involved in the production of BCVs. Implications for models of bilingual language production are discussed.

Mitteilungen aus dem Verband der Vereine für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur in Deutschland

hrsg. vom Geschäftsführenden Ausschuß

Maimonides' Kommentar zum Traktat Edujoth, Abschnitt V u. VI

Bern, Univ., Diss. 1904

In der Stille

von Karl Sudhoff

Israelitisches Andachtsbuch : hebräisch und deutsch

verb. und mit vielen neuen Uebersetzungen verm. von L. H. Loewenstein

H. H. Meili' s schweizerischer Briefsteller für das Volk : Briefe und Geschäftsaufsätze nach dem Bedürfniß im gewöhnlichen Leben enthaltend

neu bearb., verb. und verm. von J. W. Straub

Deutschland und die Schuldfrage

in Verb. mit dem Arbeitsausschuß deutscher Verbände bearb. von Wilhelm Ziegler. [Beitr.: Bernh. Dernburg, Wilhelm v. Schoen...]

Archiv für den thierischen Magnetismus

in Verb. mit mehreren Naturforschern hrsg. von C. A. Eschenmayer

Gebetbuch der Israeliten

neu übersetzt von Selig Bamberger

BIOMEDICAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING AND EXTRACTION (BLUE-TEXT): A MINIMAL SYNTACTIC, SEMANTIC METHOD

Clinical text understanding (CTU) is of interest to health informatics because critical clinical information frequently represented as unconstrained text in electronic health records are extensively used by human experts to guide clinical practice, decision making, and to document delivery of care, but are largely unusable by information systems for queries and computations. Recent initiatives advocating for translational research call for generation of technologies that can integrate structured clinical data with unstructured data, provide a unified interface to all data, and contextualize clinical information for reuse in multidisciplinary and collaborative environment envisioned by CTSA program. This implies that technologies for the processing and interpretation of clinical text should be evaluated not only in terms of their validity and reliability in their intended environment, but also in light of their interoperability, and ability to support information integration and contextualization in a distributed and dynamic environment. This vision adds a new layer of information representation requirements that needs to be accounted for when conceptualizing implementation or acquisition of clinical text processing tools and technologies for multidisciplinary research. On the other hand, electronic health records frequently contain unconstrained clinical text with high variability in use of terms and documentation practices, and without commitmentto grammatical or syntactic structure of the language (e.g. Triage notes, physician and nurse notes, chief complaints, etc). This hinders performance of natural language processing technologies which typically rely heavily on the syntax of language and grammatical structure of the text. This document introduces our method to transform unconstrained clinical text found in electronic health information systems to a formal (computationally understandable) representation that is suitable for querying, integration, contextualization and reuse, and is resilient to the grammatical and syntactic irregularities of the clinical text. We present our design rationale, method, and results of evaluation in processing chief complaints and triage notes from 8 different emergency departments in Houston Texas. At the end, we will discuss significance of our contribution in enabling use of clinical text in a practical bio-surveillance setting.

Ruido y silencio en las nuevas tecnologías de la información

En las Ciencias de la Información, existen dos problemas cuya relevancia se aumenta con la irrupción masiva de las nuevas tecnologías de la información: el silencio y el ruido. El objetivo del presente trabajo es demostrar que la solución parcial que brindan las nuevas tecnologías de la información a estos problemas, tienen como base la semiótica en su triple dimensión: sintáctica, semántica y pragmática. En la sintaxis, a través de las condiciones constitutivas de los lenguajes o los códigos; en la semántica, por la adecuación o no del mensaje a la realidad y por las condiciones de posibilidad para que ello ocurra; y en la pragmática, atendiendo a la relevancia del mensaje para inducir a la toma de decisiones o a la acción de un usuario o una comunidad de estos.

El concepto de persona en el Scriptum super Sententiis Petri Lombardi de Santo Tomás

El Aquinate, en su Comentario a los cuatro libros de las Sentencias de Pedro Lombardo, se pregunta si es aplicable en el campo teológico la definición de persona sostenida por Boecio para iluminarla naturaleza de los sujetos trinitarios sin caer por ello en un politeísmo, y para afirmar además la encarnación del Verbo sin negar la doble naturaleza de Cristo. Teniendo en cuenta que dicha cuestión fue objeto de agudas controversias tanto antes como después del Concilio de Nicea, y que, luego de Boecio, también lo fue para los más destacados maestros medievales; es conveniente por tanto efectuar un breve seguimiento histórico del problema, deteniéndose así en los antecedentes más próximos a Santo Tomás, para luego, a partir del Scriptum super Sententiis Petri Lombardo, indagar sobre las razones que movieron al Aquinate a insistir sobre la aplicación del concepto de persona en el ámbito teológico.