Plan du fort et des environs de Kattiéh : Pour servir à la relation de la campagne de Syrie / J. F. S. Bailly del.

Échelle(s) : [ca 1:10 000], 1000 mètres [= 10 cm]

Audit report on Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Plan de la ville de Hhaleb et de ses environs : dressée de 1811 à 1818

Échelle(s) : [ca 1:16 800], échelle de 1000 pas ordinaires [= 5,5 cm]

Audit report on KCCK-FM Radio, a public telecommunications entity operated by Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on KCCK-FM Radio, a public telecommunications entity operated by Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on Community Colleges for International Development, Inc., in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on Community Colleges for International Development, Inc., in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care units: analysis of the extended prevalence of infection in intensive care unit study.

OBJECTIVES: To provide a global, up-to-date picture of the prevalence, treatment, and outcomes of Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients and compare Candida with bacterial bloodstream infection. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the Extended Prevalence of Infection in the ICU Study (EPIC II). Demographic, physiological, infection-related and therapeutic data were collected. Patients were grouped as having Candida, Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and combined Candida/bacterial bloodstream infection. Outcome data were assessed at intensive care unit and hospital discharge. SETTING: EPIC II included 1265 intensive care units in 76 countries. PATIENTS: Patients in participating intensive care units on study day. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: Of the 14,414 patients in EPIC II, 99 patients had Candida bloodstream infections for a prevalence of 6.9 per 1000 patients. Sixty-one patients had candidemia alone and 38 patients had combined bloodstream infections. Candida albicans (n = 70) was the predominant species. Primary therapy included monotherapy with fluconazole (n = 39), caspofungin (n = 16), and a polyene-based product (n = 12). Combination therapy was infrequently used (n = 10). Compared with patients with Gram-positive (n = 420) and Gram-negative (n = 264) bloodstream infections, patients with candidemia were more likely to have solid tumors (p < .05) and appeared to have been in an intensive care unit longer (14 days [range, 5-25 days], 8 days [range, 3-20 days], and 10 days [range, 2-23 days], respectively), but this difference was not statistically significant. Severity of illness and organ dysfunction scores were similar between groups. Patients with Candida bloodstream infections, compared with patients with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bloodstream infections, had the greatest crude intensive care unit mortality rates (42.6%, 25.3%, and 29.1%, respectively) and longer intensive care unit lengths of stay (median [interquartile range]) (33 days [18-44], 20 days [9-43], and 21 days [8-46], respectively); however, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Candidemia remains a significant problem in intensive care units patients. In the EPIC II population, Candida albicans was the most common organism and fluconazole remained the predominant antifungal agent used. Candida bloodstream infections are associated with high intensive care unit and hospital mortality rates and resource use.

DIGITAL LIBRARIES IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Digital libraries (DL) are seen as a hope to developing countries in their struggle for accessing bibliographic resources, especially in a context where the traditional distribution mechanisms failed tragically. Several difficulties are however faced by these countries to build and use digital libraries, due mainly to its high development costs and to the poor existing ICT resources in these countries. This paper discusses the importance of digital libraries for developing countries and introduces the main challenges they face in building and using such libraries. The current alternatives and major initiatives for making digital information accessible to developing countries are also addressed.

El ictioplancton frente al litoral peruano a fines del otoño de 1998. Cruceros BIC BIC José Olaya Balandra 9805-06 de Tacna a Máncora

A fines de otoño de 1998 en el ictioplancton frente a la costa peruana se determinó la presencia de 22 taxa hasta nivel de especie, 9 hasta nivel de género, 9 a nivel de familia y 1 a nivel de orden. Los grupos más importantes en su frecuencia de ocurrencia fueron las larvas de Diogenichthys laternatus (37,8%), las larvas de Vinciguerria luceti (36,7%), y las larvas de Bregmaceros bathymaster (35,6%), huevos de anchoveta (31,1%) y larvas de anchoveta (26,7%). Se observó que los huevos de anchoveta estuvieron distribuidos entre Pimentel e Ilo con abundaNcias entre 3 y 2157 huevos/m2 con un solo foco de concentración mayor a 1000 huevos en la frontera sur. Las larvas presentaron menores abundancias entre 3 y 168 larvas/m2 y distribuidas entre Pimentel y Salaverry y entre Cerro Azul y la frontera sur. Los huevos de sardina se distribuyeron entre Pimentel y Callao con abundancias entre 3 y 5.016 huevos/m2, mientras que las larvas presentaron una menor extensión, ubicándose entre Pimentel y Huarmey con abundancias entre 3 y 3.510 larvas/m2.

Fitoplancton del estrecho de Brandsfield e isla Elefante durante el verano austral 1998. Perú Antar IX

Durante la ejecución del programa de investigación a la Antártica realizado en el Estrecho de Bransfield e Isla Elefante en el verano de 1998, se estudió la composición, distribución y abundancia del fitoplancton. Se estimaron las concentraciones de los taxa fitoplanctónicos en superficie y entre los 10 y 75 m de profundidad. En el área de la Isla Elefante se registraron las mayores concentraciones de fitoplancton a nivel superficial con un máximo de 2000 cel/mL y las especies más importantes en la composición del fitoplancton fueron: Monada spp., Leucocryptos marina y Phaeocystis pouchetii. En el Estrecho de Bransfield los valores máximos de las densidades de fitoplancton fueron de 1000 cel/mL a nivel de los 10 y 20 m de profundidad, debido a dos floraciones de L. marina y P. pouchetii, una en las proximidades de Isla Greenwich y la otra en el extremo norte de la Península Antártica, respectivamente. Estas observaciones, aunadas a la composición biológica de la comunidad, indican que una intensa mezcla de agua y luz permitieron el florecimiento de estas especies.

Composición, abundancia y distribución del zooplancton antártico en el estrecho Bransfield y alrededores de la isla Elefante. Verano Austral 1998. Perú Antar IX

Resultados obtenidos del análisis de muestras de zooplancton antártico colectadas en el Estrecho de Bransfield y alrededores de la Isla Elefante en enero de 1998. Los volúmenes totales de zooplancton fluctuaron entre 1,3 y 1147,1 mL/1000 m3. El zooplancton estuvo constituido principalmente por copépodos, salpas, eufáusidos y quetognatos, Los copépodos y las salpas fueron los más frecuentes; los copépodos presentaron la mayor diversidad, mientras que las salpas tuvieron las mayores abundancias. Se determinaron 9 especies de larvas de peces, siendo Notolepis coatsi las más frecuente y Nothotenia gibberifrons, la más abundante. En el análisis de comunidades se estableció biológicamente la presencia de dos conglomerados principales, el primero que corresponde a la zona central del Estrecho de Bransfield y el segundo a la zona oriental hacia el mar de Wedell y la Isla Elefante.

Hypoglycémie: approche diagnostique

Hypoglycaemia can occur if the endogenous liver glucose output is lower than the glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive and insulin-insensitive tissues. The onset of hypoglycaemia induces the production of counterregulatory hormones such as glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol, and symptoms of neuroglycopenia. The correlation between biological hypoglycaemia and the symptoms associated with low blood sugar is particularly poor in diabetic patients and in patients with suspected postprandial hypoglycaemia. It is important to discriminate between fasting and postprandial hypoglycaemia. Idiopathic postprandial hypoglycaemia should be diagnosed clinically without further laboratory assessment, whereas the etiology of a fasting hypoglycaemia needs to be clarified further by laboratory testing, as it is potentially life-threatening.

The brown lacewings (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae) of northwestern Turkey with new records, their spatio-temporal distribution and harbouring plants

The brown lacewings (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae) of northwestern Turkey with new records, their spatio-temporal distribution and harbouring plants. The occurrence and spatio-temporal distribution of brown lacewing species (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae) in Bursa province, northwestern Turkey, was investigated during 1999-2011. A total of 852 brown lacewing specimens of 20 species, including the genera of Hemerobius, Megalomus, Micromus, Sympherobius, and Wesmaelius were collected. Of these, 12 species were new records for northwestern Turkey while Sympherobius klapaleki is a new record for the Neuroptera fauna of Turkey. The most widespread species were Hemerobius handschini and Sympherobius pygmaeus with percent dominance values of 42.00 and 15.96%, respectively. Wesmaelius subnebulosus was the earliest emerging hemerobiid species and had the longest flight activity lasting from March to October. The species of southern origin characterized by the Mediterranean elements constituted 55% of the hemerobiid fauna and prevailed over the species of northern origin that belong to the Siberian centres. The total number of hemerobiid species reached a peak in July with captures of 15 species per month. There were 11, 13, 18 and 5 hemerobiid species occurring at altitudes between 1-500, 501-1000, 1001-1500 and 1500-2000 m, respectively. In addition, plant species harbouring hemerobiids are given for each species, and their association with the hemerobiid fauna is discussed.

Aspectos oceanográficos en primavera 2007: Crucero bentodemersal B/O Miguel Oliver 0709-10

El Crucero 0709-10 se realizó a bordo del barco oceanográfico español Miguel Oliver, del 14 de setiembre al 10 de octubre 2007 de Chimbote (9°S) a Punta Sal (4°S). El ambiente frío, manifiesto desde marzo 2007, alcanzó en octubre las máximas anomalías negativas (>3 °C) entre los 4 y 5°S. El evento frío estuvo relacionado directamente con los vientos Alisios del SE (4 a 15 m/s), que dio lugar a la intensificación del afloramiento y al transporte de estas aguas hacia el nor-oeste por la Corriente Costera. En la superficie marina, entre Pimentel y el sur de Talara, se acentuaron las condiciones frías (14 y 15 °C) y las bajas concentraciones de oxígeno (2 a 4 mL/L), mientras que baja salinidad de las aguas tropicales superficiales (ATS) se registraron al norte de Cabo Blanco. La proyección de las aguas costeras frías mantuvo replegados en el norte a la Extensión Sur de la Corriente de Cromwell y su fauna acompañante, aunque frente a Paita se mostró un débil repunte de esta corriente por la ligera profundización de la isoterma de 13 °C y de la isohalina de 34,9 ups. En la columna de agua se registró un máximo de 21,95 °C en superficie y 2,53 °C a 1780 m de profundidad; la salinidad se mostró muy homogénea por debajo de los 500 m (34,65 - 34,55 ups). El oxígeno disuelto, a profundidades entre 60 y 500 m presentó concentraciones <0,5 mL/L; entre 500 a 1000 m se incrementó hasta 1,05 mL/L, y a 1780 m de profundidad se registró el máximo de 2,30 mL/L.

Toxicokinetics of captan and folpet biomarkers in orally exposed volunteers

The time courses of key biomarkers of exposure to captan and folpet was assessed in accessible biological matrices of orally exposed volunteers. Ten volunteers ingested 1 mg kg(-1) body weight of captan or folpet. Blood samples were withdrawn at fixed time periods over the 72 h following ingestion and complete urine voids were collected over 96 h post-dosing. The tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) metabolite of captan along with the phthalimide (PI) and phthalic acid metabolites of folpet were then quantified in these samples. Plasma levels of THPI and PI increased progressively after ingestion, reaching peak values ~10 and 6 h post-dosing, respectively; subsequent elimination phase appeared monophasic with a mean elimination half-life (t(½) ) of 15.7 and 31.5 h, respectively. In urine, elimination rate time courses of PI and phthalic acid evolved in parallel, with respective t(½) of 27.3 and 27.6 h; relatively faster elimination was found for THPI, with mean t(½) of 11.7 h. However, phthalic acid was present in urine in 1000-fold higher amounts than PI. In the 96 h period post-treatment, on average 25% of folpet dose was excreted in urine as phthalic acid as compared with only 0.02% as PI. The corresponding value for THPI was 3.5%. Overall, THPI and PI appear as interesting biomarkers of recent exposure, with relatively short half-lives; their sensitivity to assess exposure in field studies should be further verified. Although not a metabolite specific to folpet, the concomitant use of phthalic acid as a major biomarker of exposure to folpet should also be considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Investigación de crustáceos de profundidad en la zona de Pisco - Callao

Entre el 14 y 27 de diciembre del 2005, se efectuó el crucero de investigación de crustáceos de profundidad a bordo del BIC Imarpe VI. Se realizaron 14 lances entre 12°S y 15°S y en dos estratos de profundidad (A: 700-1000 m, B: 1000-1400 m). Las operaciones de pesca se realizaron durante el día. En los experimentos de captura fueron utilizados diferentes tipos de mallas, carnadas y color de la boca de entrada de la nasa. Se registraron 4 especies: Paralomis longipes, Lithodes wiracocha, Lithodes panamensis y Lopholithodes diomedeae, siendo la de mayor incidencia Paralomis longipes. Se capturaron un total de 327 ejemplares con 305 kg. Los mayores rendimientos se registraron en el estrato B en 14°S y se encontraron los mayores tamaños de P. longipes, sin embargo, Lithodes panamensis alcanzó mayores tamaños que P. longipes. La proporción sexual fue favorable a machos. Las hembras de P. longipes en su mayoría portaban huevos. Se observó y estimó la incidencia de parásitos rizocefalos, epibiontes y la frecuencia de muda.