Non-Quasi-Competitiveness and Stability in Cournot's Model

This paper retakes previous work of the authors, about the relationship between non-quasi-competitiveness (the increase in price caused by an increase in the number of oligopolists) and stability of the equilibrium in the classical Cournot oligopoly model. Though it has been widely accepted in the literature that the loss of quasi-competitiveness is linked, in the long run as new firms entered the market, to instability of the model, the authors in their previous work put forward a model in which a situation of monopoly changed to duopoly losing quasi-competitiveness but maintaining the stability of the equilibrium. That model could not, at the time, be extended to any number of oligopolists. The present paper exhibits such an extension. An oligopoly model is shown in which the loss of quasi-competitiveness resists the presence in the market of as many firms as one wishes and where the successive Cournot's equilibrium points are unique and asymptotically stable. In this way, for the first time, the conjecture that non-quasi- competitiveness and instability were equivalent in the long run, is proved false.

Fragments de missels

Jacobins de la rue Saint-Honoré.

Vie de Marguerite de Bourgogne, fondatrice de l'abbaye des Haies, dioc. de Grenoble, par Guillaume, chanoine de Grenoble.

A la suite ont été ajoutées différentes pièces ou notes : formules de serments (7, 8 v°) ; recettes (8 v°, 12 v°) ; portrait de J.-C. (7 v°) ; lettre de Ponce Pilate à Tibère (8) ; passion de J.-C. en vers (9) ; pairies, duchés et comtés du royaume de France (10 v°) ; nombre des villages à clocher etc. (11 v°) ; préceptes moraux en vers latins ou français ; notes historiques relatives au Dauphiné.

Cartul. du chapitre de Cambrai intitulé Arthesium.

Fonds non déterminé.

Obituaire de la Sainte Chapelle de Paris.

Fonds non déterminé.

Guill. de Okam, saper librum physicorum, et quodlibeta (28).

Fonds non déterminé.

Expositio Alani de Rupe super regulam b. Augustini.

Jacobins de la rue Saint-Honoré.

Aulu Gelle.

La Vallière.

Macrobii liber Saturnaliorum.

Aurispe opuscula (108). - Pogii liber in ypoçritas (422), oratio ad papam N. (139 v°), liber de nobilitate (149 v°), epistola ad Gregorium Corarium (169 v°). - Luciani dialogua qui inscribitur Caron, jnterprete Rimichio (178). P.P. Vergerii liber de in genuis moribus et liberalibus studiis (202).

Body Size, Activity, Employment and Wages in Europe: A First Approach

In this article we present the first empirical analysis on the associations between body size, activity, employment and wages for several European countries. The main advantage of the present work with respect to the previous literature is offered by the comparability of the data and its large geographical coverage. According to our results, for Spanish women, being obese is associated with both a 9% lower wage and probability of being employed, while for Swedish and Danish, obesity is associated with a 12% lower probability of being employed, and a 10% lower wage respectively. In Belgium, obesity is associated with a 19% lower probability of being employed for men. These robust estimates are strongly informative and may be used as a simple statistical rule of thumb to decide the countries in which lab and field experiments should be run.

Recueil de ballades, rondeaux et bergerettes.

Ces pièces, au nombre de 195, de quarante auteurs différents : Charles d'Orléans, Blosseville, etc., ont été publiées par M. G. Raynaud, pour la Société des anciens textes français, Rondeaux et autres poésies du XVe siècle (Paris, 1889, in-8°). En tête du volume, est le Débat de la Vie et de la Mort ; — à la fin, la copie de quelques rondeaux et couplets, du XVIIIe-XIXe siècle.

Essential role of platelet activation via protease activated receptor 4 in tissue factor-initiated inflammation.

INTRODUCTION: Tissue factor (TF) activation of the coagulation proteases enhances inflammation in animal models of arthritis and endotoxemia, but the mechanism of this effect is not yet fully understood - in particular, whether this is primarily due to fibrin formation or through activation of protease activated receptors (PARs). METHODS: We induced extravascular inflammation by injection of recombinant soluble murine TF (sTF1-219) in the hind paw. The effects of thrombin inhibition, fibrinogen and platelet depletion were evaluated, as well as the effects of PAR deficiency using knockout mice deficient for each of the PARs. RESULTS: Injection of soluble TF provoked a rapid onset of paw swelling. Inflammation was confirmed histologically and by increased serum IL-6 levels. Inflammation was significantly reduced by depletion of fibrinogen (P < 0.05) or platelets (P = 0.015), and by treatment with hirudin (P = 0.04) or an inhibitor of activated factor VII (P < 0.001) compared with controls. PAR-4-deficient mice exhibited significantly reduced paw swelling (P = 0.003). In contrast, a deficiency in either PAR-1, PAR-2 or PAR-3 did not affect the inflammatory response to soluble TF injection. CONCLUSION: Our results show that soluble TF induces acute inflammation through a thrombin-dependent pathway and both fibrin deposition and platelet activation are essential steps in this process. The activation of PAR-4 on platelets is crucial and the other PARs do not play a major role in soluble TF-induced inflammation.

Electrical neuroimaging of memory discrimination based on single-trial multisensory learning.

Multisensory experiences influence subsequent memory performance and brain responses. Studies have thus far concentrated on semantically congruent pairings, leaving unresolved the influence of stimulus pairing and memory sub-types. Here, we paired images with unique, meaningless sounds during a continuous recognition task to determine if purely episodic, single-trial multisensory experiences can incidentally impact subsequent visual object discrimination. Psychophysics and electrical neuroimaging analyses of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) compared responses to repeated images either paired or not with a meaningless sound during initial encounters. Recognition accuracy was significantly impaired for images initially presented as multisensory pairs and could not be explained in terms of differential attention or transfer of effects from encoding to retrieval. VEP modulations occurred at 100-130ms and 270-310ms and stemmed from topographic differences indicative of network configuration changes within the brain. Distributed source estimations localized the earlier effect to regions of the right posterior temporal gyrus (STG) and the later effect to regions of the middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Responses in these regions were stronger for images previously encountered as multisensory pairs. Only the later effect correlated with performance such that greater MTG activity in response to repeated visual stimuli was linked with greater performance decrements. The present findings suggest that brain networks involved in this discrimination may critically depend on whether multisensory events facilitate or impair later visual memory performance. More generally, the data support models whereby effects of multisensory interactions persist to incidentally affect subsequent behavior as well as visual processing during its initial stages.