998 resultados para Qualidade de vida Aspectos sociais
Resumo:
Introduction: Menopause is characterized by the depletion of ovarian follicles and the gradual decline in estradiol levels, which ends with the definitive cessation of menstrual periods (menopause). As a result of hypoestrogenism, characteristic symptoms, such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, insomnia, mood swings and depression can be observed. There is also the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles (MAP) as a result of progressive muscle-aponeurotic and connective atrophy with consequent decreased sexual function. Objective: To evaluate the strength of MAP, sexual function and quality of life of menopausal women. Methodology: This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 55 women (35 postmenopausal and 20 perimenopausal), aged between 40 and 65, who were assessed by muscle strength and perineometry test. For the assessment of sexual function and quality of life, used the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Utian Quality of Life (UQOL), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation and multivariate analysis. Results: The mean age was 52.78 ( 6.47 years). Sexual dysfunction presented, 61.8% of participants (43.62% of postmenopausal and perimenopausal 18.17%). Muscle strength test and the maximum perineometry had a median of 3.00 (Q25: 2 e Q75: 4) and 33,50 cmH20 (Q25: 33,5 e Q75: 46,6), respectively. No correlation was found between sexual function and muscle strength (r = 0.035; p = 0.802) and between sexual function and perineometry (r = 0.126; p = 0.358). The mean total score of UQOL was 74.45 ( 12.23). Weak positive correlation was found between sexual function and quality of life (r = +0.422 p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified associations between sexual function and variables: quality of life, climacteric symptoms, physical activity and education level. Conclusions: These results suggest that the climacteric symptoms, quality of life, physical activity and level of education are associated with sexual function in menopausal women. However, the muscular component of sexual function needs to be further investigated in this context.
Resumo:
The fast growth of the elderly population is a reality throughout the world and has become one of the greatest challenges for contemporary public health. When considering the increased life expectancy and the aging as a multidimensional phenomenon, one should highlight the need to investigate if the increase of longevity is associated with satisfactory levels of Quality of Life (QOL). This study has the objective of assessing the QOL of elderly people from the Parabas Western Curimata microregion, explained by its health and living conditions. This is a cross-sectional and observational study with quantitative design held with 444 elderly people from five cities: Barra de Santa Rosa, Cuit, Nova Floresta, Remgio e Sossego. In order to obtain information, the following instruments were used: I) Questionnaire for collection data related to the elderly population, for sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics; and II) WHOQOL-Old questionnaire, with a view to measuring and assessing QOL. Data were processed on the IBM-SPSS Statistics 20.0 software by means of the ANOVA (one-way), Students t, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearsons correlation tests, with p-values<0,05 accepted as being statistically significant. The results indicate a good global QOL (ETT=65,69%), with better assessment by elderly men, aged between 60 and 74 years, married, living with partner and children, without caregiver, physical activity practitioners, with up to one health problem before an aspect of multimorbidity and with very good and/or good assessment of basic needs. The self-reported stress showed a negative significant correlation before the global QOL, where the greater the perception of stress, the worse the assessment of QOL. In the faceted assessment of QOL, the Sensory Operation showed the best performance (ETF= 68,86%) and the Social Participation (SP) the worst (ETF=60,37%). In the multiple linear regression model, SP is singly responsible for 51,8% (R2=0,518) of explanation of the global QOL. In the intercorrelation among the WHOQOL-Old facets, only Death and Dying did not reveal significance. The harmony highlighted among the facets raises the need to ensure a comprehensive health care for the elderly population, especially in understanding the social participation as an intrinsic part of the QOL and that it requires the re-discussion and reconstruction of individual and collective, family and community, political and government actions. Hence, guaranteeing an active, healthy and participatory aging, with QOL, is the major challenge.
Resumo:
The fast growth of the elderly population is a reality throughout the world and has become one of the greatest challenges for contemporary public health. When considering the increased life expectancy and the aging as a multidimensional phenomenon, one should highlight the need to investigate if the increase of longevity is associated with satisfactory levels of Quality of Life (QOL). This study has the objective of assessing the QOL of elderly people from the Parabas Western Curimata microregion, explained by its health and living conditions. This is a cross-sectional and observational study with quantitative design held with 444 elderly people from five cities: Barra de Santa Rosa, Cuit, Nova Floresta, Remgio e Sossego. In order to obtain information, the following instruments were used: I) Questionnaire for collection data related to the elderly population, for sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics; and II) WHOQOL-Old questionnaire, with a view to measuring and assessing QOL. Data were processed on the IBM-SPSS Statistics 20.0 software by means of the ANOVA (one-way), Students t, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearsons correlation tests, with p-values<0,05 accepted as being statistically significant. The results indicate a good global QOL (ETT=65,69%), with better assessment by elderly men, aged between 60 and 74 years, married, living with partner and children, without caregiver, physical activity practitioners, with up to one health problem before an aspect of multimorbidity and with very good and/or good assessment of basic needs. The self-reported stress showed a negative significant correlation before the global QOL, where the greater the perception of stress, the worse the assessment of QOL. In the faceted assessment of QOL, the Sensory Operation showed the best performance (ETF= 68,86%) and the Social Participation (SP) the worst (ETF=60,37%). In the multiple linear regression model, SP is singly responsible for 51,8% (R2=0,518) of explanation of the global QOL. In the intercorrelation among the WHOQOL-Old facets, only Death and Dying did not reveal significance. The harmony highlighted among the facets raises the need to ensure a comprehensive health care for the elderly population, especially in understanding the social participation as an intrinsic part of the QOL and that it requires the re-discussion and reconstruction of individual and collective, family and community, political and government actions. Hence, guaranteeing an active, healthy and participatory aging, with QOL, is the major challenge.
Resumo:
Background: Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) has effect on mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) chronic, and the exercise of the treatment of this patient. The most common exercise is ongoing training. Recently we have been studying the effects of interval training, but there is no consensus on the optimal dose of exercise. Objective: To evaluate the effects of interval aerobic training are superior to continuous aerobic training in patients with chronic HF. Methods: The clinical trial evaluated patients through cardiopulmonary test (CPX) and quality of life before and after the RC (3 times / 12 weeks). Patients were randomized into Group Interval Training (GTI - 85% of heart rate reserve - FCR), Continuous Training Group (GTC - 60% of HRR) and control group (CG) who received guidelines. Results: 18 patients were evaluated (mean age 44.7 13.2 years and 35.2 8.9% of left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]). Both groups were efficient to increase the peak VO2 and 15.1% (P = 0.02) in GTI and 16.1% (P = 0.01) GTC. As for the quality of life the GTI GTC showed improvement compared to the control group (P = 0.006). Hemodynamic mismatch events during the CPX were reduced after training in more GTC (patients 1 to 4) than in the GTI (5 to 3). Cardiac risk also decreased in the GTC (3 patients left the severe risk to take after training). Conclusion: Continuous training becomes more appropriate for improving fitness with little chance of developing cardiac event patients with chronic HF.
Resumo:
The objective of this randomized, blind and prospective clinical trial was to compare the pain, the edema, the mandibular movements, the masticatory efficiency and life quality, in the first 60 days after surgery using 2 different clinical protocols for myofunctional recovery, in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. A sample of 19 patients was used and divided into 2 groups. The control group (CG) consisted of 10 patients who had postoperative rehabilitation guided by a standard protocol, conducted by the Service of Surgery and Traumatology Oral and Maxillofacial. In other hand, the experimental group (EC) totaled 9 patients who received the speech therapy rehabilitation protocol specialized, by professionals in the area. The variables pain, edema and mandibular movements were analyzed during 48h, 96h, 7 days, 14 days, 30 and 60 days post-surgery. The masticatory efficiency and the quality of life were classified with 60 days after surgery . The data were submitted an analysis of variance, Student's t-test and Fisher's independence, at the level of 5% probability. It was identified that patients of GE have benefited in the first 14 days(p<0,001), as they have had reported less pain than those in the CG. Significant statistics differences between groups for pain parameters (after 14 days) (p=0,065), edema(p=0,063), mandibular movements(p=0,068), masticatory efficiency(p=0,630) and the impact on quality of life (p=0,813) were not observed on this study. The speech therapy protocol for myofunctional recovery (EG), although it has not obtained statistical results superiors than the CG in the general context, presents itself as a viable alternative to conventional therapy assumed by many maxillofacial surgeons, allowing the surgeon to optimize time with patients in the period postoperatively.
Resumo:
The objective of this study was to verify the association between some mobility items of the International Classification Functionality (ICF), with the evaluations Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88), 1-minute walk test (1MWT) and if the motor impairment influences the quality of life in children with Cerebral Palsy (PC), by using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0 versions for children and parents). The study included 22 children with cerebral palsy spastic, classified in levels I, II, and III on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), with age group of 9.9 years old. Among those who have participated, seven of them were level I, eight of them were level II and seven of them were level III. All of the children and teenagers were rated by using check list ICF (mobility item), GMFM-88, 1-minute walk test and PedsQL 4.0 questionnaires for children and parents. It was observed a strong correlation between GMFM-88 with check list ICF (mobility item), but moderate correlation between GMFM-88 and 1-minute walk test (1MWT). It was also moderate the correlation between the walking test and the check list ICF (mobility item). The correlation between PedsQl 4.0 questionnaires for children and parents was weak, as well as the correlation of both with GMFM, ICF (mobility item) and the walking test. The lack of interrelation between physical function tests and quality of life, indicates that, regardless of the severity of the motor impairment and the difficulty with mobility, children and teenagers suffering of PC spastic, functional level I, II and III GMFCS and their parents have a varied opinion regarding the perception of well being and life satisfaction.
Resumo:
Objetivo - Adaptar e realizar a transculturao dos questionrios DEMQOL e DEMQOL-Proxy para a populao portuguesa, construdas por Smith et al, em 2005, que pretendem colmatar as lacunas existentes aos dados relacionados com a qualidade de vida no que remete a esta em utentes com demncia leve, moderada e severa. Metodologia A metodologia inclui a parte de reviso da literatura (problemtica em questo) e o processo de adaptao dos questionrios. O processo implica traduo, retroverso, reviso e adaptao cultural nossa cultura. Foram recolhidos alguns dados demogrficos, com o intuito de melhor caracterizao da populao. Resultados Os questionrios DEMQOL e DEMQOL_Proxy verso portuguesa demostraram muito boa consistncia interna = 0,747 e 0,812, respetivamente. Apresentam excelente reprodutibilidade entre itens (ICC= 0,845 (-0,484 0,984; IC 95%) para o DEMQOL e 0,812 (0,636 0,928; IC 95%) para o DEMQOL-Proxy. Concluses Foi conseguida a equivalncia semntica, conceptual e de contedo dos questionrios que mostraram ser indicados para a populao portuguesa, com bons indicadores em algumas das suas propriedades psicomtricas, nomeadamente: consistncia interna e reprodutibilidade entre itens.
A enfermagem e a promoo da qualidade de vida dos portadores de esquizofrenia: perceo dos enfermerios
Resumo:
A Esquizofrenia uma doena crnica que afeta aproximadamente 1% da populao mundial sendo uma das doenas mais incapacitantes da psiquiatria com um maior efeito nos indivduos e nas suas famlias com influencia negativa sobre a qualidade de vida dos mesmos. O enfermeiro na assistncia ao utente portador de esquizofrenia tem a funao de ajudar a minimizar os sintomas e a prevenir as recadas ajudando a ter uma vida mais adaptada a patologia, contribuindo assim, para uma melhor qualidade de vida do utente bem como das suas famlias. Neste estudo delineou-se como objetivo geral, identificar qual a percepo dos profissionais de sade sobre a importncia do enfermeiro na promoo da qualidade de vida dos portadores de esquizofrenia. Para o estudo da temtica optou-se por um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratrio com uma abordagem fenomenolgica, sendo que o mtodo de recolha de informaes foi a entrevista. O pblico-alvo deste estudo foi constitudo por dez (10) profissionais que trabalham na rea de sade mental, sendo cinco (5) enfermeiros e 5 (cinco) profissionais do Centro de Acolhimento do Doente Mental (CADM). Os resultados deste estudo comprovam a devida importncia do enfermeiro na promoo da qualidade de vida do portador de esquizofrenia, embora constatou-se uma falta de motivao por parte dos profissionais, uma vez que nos seus discursos realam um certo esquecimento/abandono por parte das entidades competentes, visto que estes no do a devida importancia do que se trata numa enfermara de crise. Nota-se ainda, que essa dificuldade em implementar os cuidados de enfermagem tambm influenciada pelo fato dos enfermeiros no serem inteiramente capacitados para lidar com os portadores da esquizofrenia, devido as caractersticas dessa doena mental.
Resumo:
O presente trabalho intitulado Importncia dos Cuidados de Enfermagem para o Bem-estar e Qualidade de Vida do Utente Geritrico Hospitalizado, demonstra a importncia da atuao do enfermeiro para auxiliar e fornecer assistncia ao idoso hospitalizado que pertence a um grupo bastante vulnervel, cujo nmero na populao mundial e a nvel da hospitalizao tem vindo a aumentar. Pois, o que se constata que nos ltimos anos tanto nos pases desenvolvidos como nos pases em desenvolvimento, inclusive Cabo Verde, tem ocorrido um envelhecimento da populao resultante de um decrscimo na taxa fecundidade e de um decrscimo na taxa de mortalidade. Este estudo tem como principal objetivo: Identificar em que medida os cuidados de enfermagem contribuem para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida dos utentes geritricos hospitalizados no servio de Ortotraumatologia. Atualmente a hospitalizao demonstra-se de suma importncia para melhor garantir o tratamento mdico e teraputico e para garantir uma rpida e eficaz recuperao do utente, embora esta tambm acarrete algumas implicaes negativas em diversos aspetos da vida do idoso. Sendo o enfermeiro o profissional de sade que fica mais prximo do utente hospitalizado e sendo ele o responsvel para fornecer assistncia e apoio ao idoso durante este perodo, cabe a ele desenvolver meios, improvisar estratgias e mobilizar recursos que permitam uma rpida recuperao, satisfao e conforto do utente. Este estudo de carter qualitativo, descritivo, exploratrio e de abordagem fenomenolgica, sendo que o mtodo para recolha de informaes utilizado foi a entrevista semiestruturada. A populao alvo escolhida foram os 8 enfermeiros de turno do servio de Ortotraumatologia e destes participaram apenas 6. Os resultados demonstraram claramente que a atuao do enfermeiro durante a hospitalizao dos idosos contribui de forma significativa para garantir o bem-estar e qualidade de vida destes, mediante a assistncia de enfermagem e os diversos cuidados prestados. Pois, a maioria dos entrevistados realam que cuidam do idoso hospitalizado de uma forma holstica, incidindo em praticamente todos os aspetos da vida deste, procurando garantir a sua satisfao.
Resumo:
O presente trabalho iniciou com objetivo de identificar a importncia do enfermeiro na promoo da qualidade de vida dos idosos institucionalizados. Perante os idosos fcil identificar, que a maioria preferia estar em casa com a famlia ou mesmo sozinho no seu espao onde, mesmo com limitaes sentia-se autnomo capaz de realizar tarefas simples do dia-a-dia e conviver com a sociedade a qual esteve acostumado a vida inteira. Mas, ao considerar as condies especficas dos idosos, cabe as instituies oferecer uma assistncia qualificada focando nas suas necessidades. Mostra-se imprescindvel que estas tenham um vnculo com os servios de sade para terem acesso a uma equipe multiprofissional qualificada que os possa orientar e ajudar no trabalho ligado a terceira idade. Para a realizao do mesmo optou-se por um estudo de carcter investigativo, baseado numa abordagem qualitativa descritiva. A populao do estudo constituda por 4 enfermeiros de um centro de sade em So Vicente (SV) e 8 idosos do lar da terceira idade da Cruz Vermelha (CVL) de SV e o instrumento de colheita de dados foi entrevistas semiestruturada, para os enfermeiros e os idosos. O tratamento dos dados foi efetuado atravs de anlise dos mesmos. Com os resultados podemos verificar que o enfermeiro tem um desempenho crucial dentro da instituio na medida em que este dotado de qualificao e conhecimentos levando a um aumento da qualidade de vida dos idosos institucionalizados. No que toca a cuidados de sade, o enfermeiro deve ter um papel ativo na instituio, voltada a educao e interao com os idosos em que a convivncia social fora da instituio um elo para aumento da qualidade de vida. Atravs das entrevistas podemos observar a importncia do enfermeiro na promoo da qualidade de vida dos idosos na instituio e tambm constatou-se que os idosos assumem ter uma boa relao com a instituio, os restantes residentes e funcionrios.
Resumo:
O concelho de Felgueiras era considerado um dos mais ricos de Portugal. A indstria de calado era predominante. No entanto, a crise econmica actual tambm chegou a este concelho, e inmeros desempregados vivem na incerteza e com uma baixa qualidade de vida. Assim, a presente dissertao pretende, a partir da aplicao de um questionrio construido na base do EQLS (European Quality of Life Survey), saber se o desemprego afectou ou no a qualidade de vida dos desempregados neste concelho, e se realmente afectou, qual o grupo mais prejudicado, isto , os homens ou as mulheres, os jovens ou os mais velhos, bem como, os desempregados a curto prazo ou os desempregados a longo prazo. Para isso aborda autores como Robert Castel, no que se refere ao desemprego, trabalho precrio e Robert Anderson et al, em termos de qualidade de vida na estrutura e anlise desta dissertao. Sendo a qualidade de vida, um conceito complexo e subjectivo, torna-se fulcral abordar-lo numa perspectiva subjectiva, econmica, social e de sade.
Resumo:
Objectivo: o presente estudo pretende caracterizar a qualidade de vida dos idosos da Regio de Leiria, comparando aqueles que vivem no Domiclio com os que vivem em Instituies. Para tal propomos caracterizar a populao em estudo sciodemograficamente; identificar factores situacionais consoante o seu local de residncia; avaliar nveis de dependncia , apoio social e funcionalidade familiar; avaliar a qualidade de vida e identificar a relao entre as vrias variveis e a qualidade de vida. Mtodo: Para tal optou-se por passar um questionrio a um total de 238 idosos, 111 residentes em Instituies e 127 residentes no domiclio. Ao longo do processo de recolha de dados foram cumpridas as exigncias ticas que pautam a nossa profisso. Foram utilizados mtodos de estatstica descritiva e de estatstica analtica para o tratamento de dados. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos permitiram a caracterizao scio-demogrfica dos idosos da regio de Leiria. Foi ainda possvel comparar os dois grupos em estudo, no se tendo encontrado diferenas significativas entre os dois grupos para as variveis biopsicossociais. Concluso: A maioria dos idosos inquiridos tem qualidade de vida, sendo que os idosos residentes no domiclio apresentam maior qualidade de vida. /
