Age determination and Heinrich Events in sediment cores SU90-08 and KET80-03

The Mediterranean Sea hydrology at the time of the Heinrich formation in the North Atlantic Ocean was analyzed by comparing sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and oxygen isotope composition of seawater (dw) changes during the past 75 kyr in two marine cores. These were compared to the palynological variations derived in the Mediterranean Sea core. During the last glacial the two oceanic SST records show similar and synchronous patterns, with several long-term cooling periods, ending by abrupt SST increases. At the time of the Heinrich events, cold SSTs and low salinity prevailed in the Mediterranean Sea. The freshwater budget was similar to the modern one, permitting the presence of a mixed forest on the Mediterranean borderlands. The post-Heinrich periods are marked by a freshwater budget decrease, limiting oak and fir tree growth in the Mediterranean region. Increase of precipitation or reduction of evaporation is observed before the Heinrich episode, and is associated with a well-developed mixed Mediterranean forest.

Pollen record from Kleiner Mochowsee, Germany

A Holocene pollen diagram from Kleiner Mochowsee (northern Niederlausitz, East Germany) shows pine as an important constituent of the woodland south of the Schwielochsee. Oak woodland was widespread since the Atlantic. Betula lost its importance at the end of the Preboreal. Fagus is represented continuously in the pollen record since the Atlantic, Carpinus since the Subboreal. However, the two latter tree species remain without great importance throughout the whole pollen record. The poor sandy soils are furthermore reflected by the low values of Corylus during the Boreal, comparable to other records from Berlin and its surrounding area. The 'classical' elm decline could be shown for the Niederlausitz, radiocarbon dates assume a contemporaneous age for this event with other records from northern Germany. Only small-scaled human impact is indicated in prehistoric times, during the migration period it seems to have ceased completely. Later, in the Medieval, deforestation and tillage can be shown. Secale was cultivated since the early Medieval; an accompanying weed flora appeared at the same time. Cultivation of Fagopyrum and Linum usitatissimum could be shown for the late Medieval times.

La importancia de la Denominación de Origen Rioja en el contexto del mercado vitivinícola español

En este artículo se analiza la situación actual del sector vitivinícola, el cual, basándonos en datos de los últimos 20 años, ha experimentado un balance bastante negativo ya que se ha producido una reducción significativa de la superficie de viñedo con datos de 2009. Sin embargo, el análisis riguroso de la D.O.CA Rioja nos ha permitido recoger la evolución favorable de la producción y comercialización de la D.O.CA Rioja, lo cual ha facilitado su consolidación como primera del ranking. Asimismo, el balance en cuanto a las exportaciones y las ventas en el mercado interior ha sido muy favorable en dicho periodo, ya que, la D.O.CA Rioja ocupa un lugar privilegiado en ambos mercados, tanto es así que esta DO cuenta con un alto reconocimiento en los principales países importadores del Mundo, que son Alemania y Reino Unido. Para todo ello, el principal factor de diferenciación de estas bodegas es el tiempo que permanecen los vinos en barrica de roble, lo que le da un sabor inigualable que el consumidor sabe premia.

Pollen record and dating of a sediment profile from Ahlequellmoor in Germany

A pollen diagram from the Ahlequellmoor in the Solling area shows the history of vegetation and settlement over the last 7,800 years. In the early Atlantic period mixed deciduous forest with mainly Tilia together with Ulmus and Quercus grew in the area. In the late Atlantic period Quercus became most abundant. Fagus spread in the Sub-boreal period at about 2700 B.C. Since ca. 900 B.C. the Solling was covered by beech forests with some oak. In prehistoric times woodland grazing is indicated. Only in Medieval times are two settlements in the vicinity of the Ahlequellmoor reflected in the pollen diagram. The earlier one is dated to about A.D. 750-1020, and may be connected with the former Monastery of Hethis, which is thought to have existed close to the fen from A.D. 815 to 822. The second Medieval settlement dates to the 11th-12th century. The large-scale woodland destruction of late Medieval and modern times is not clearly visible. The silvicultural measures of the last 200 years are reflected by increasing values of spruce and grassland taxa.

La importancia de la Denominación de Origen Rioja en el contexto del mercado vitivinícola español

En este artículo se analiza la situación actual del sector vitivinícola, el cual, basándonos en datos de los últimos 20 años, ha experimentado un balance bastante negativo ya que se ha producido una reducción significativa de la superficie de viñedo con datos de 2009. Sin embargo, el análisis riguroso de la D.O.CA Rioja nos ha permitido recoger la evolución favorable de la producción y comercialización de la D.O.CA Rioja, lo cual ha facilitado su consolidación como primera del ranking. Asimismo, el balance en cuanto a las exportaciones y las ventas en el mercado interior ha sido muy favorable en dicho periodo, ya que, la D.O.CA Rioja ocupa un lugar privilegiado en ambos mercados, tanto es así que esta DO cuenta con un alto reconocimiento en los principales países importadores del Mundo, que son Alemania y Reino Unido. Para todo ello, el principal factor de diferenciación de estas bodegas es el tiempo que permanecen los vinos en barrica de roble, lo que le da un sabor inigualable que el consumidor sabe premia.