Proposta i implementació d'un motor de recuperació d'informació especialitzat en dret d'estrangeria (Codex)

CODEX SEARCH és un motor de recuperació d'informació especialitzat en dret d'estrangeria que està basat en eines i coneixement lingüístics. Per a desenvolupar un SRI (sistema de recuperació d'informació) eficient en el domini indicat no n'hi ha prou amb emprar un model tradicional de RI (recuperació d'informació), és a dir, comparar els termes de la pregunta amb els de la resposta, bàsicament perquè no expressen implicacions. En aquest sentit, la solució lingüística proposada es basa a incorporar el coneixement dels especialistes mitjançant la integració en el sistema d'una llibreria de casos. Els casos són exemples de procediments aplicats per experts/ertes en la solució de problemes que han ocorregut en la realitat i que han acabat en èxit o fracàs. Els resultats obtinguts en aquesta primera fase són molt encoratjadors, però és necessari continuar la investigació en aquest camp per millorar el rendiment del prototip.

Deleterious Actions Of Vegf On The Blood Retinal Barrier And Photoreceptor Survival In The Light-damage Model

Purpose: The retinal balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors is critical for angiogenesis control, but is also involved in cell survival. We previously reported upregulation of VEGF and photoreceptor (PR) cell death in the Light-damage (LD) model. Preliminary results showed that anti-VEGF can rescue PR from cell death. Thus, we investigated the role of VEGF on the retina and we herein described the effect of anti-VEGF antibody delivered by lentiviral gene transfer in this model.Methods: To characterize the action of VEGF during the LD, we exposed Balb/c mice subretinally injected with LV-anti-VEGF, or not, to 5'000 lux for 1h. We next evaluated the retinal function, PR survival and protein expression (VEGF, VEGFR1/2, Src, PEDF, p38MAPK, Akt, Peripherin, SWL-opsin) after LD. We analyzed Blood retinal barrier (BRB) integrity on flat-mounted RPE and cryosections stained with β-catenin, ZO-1, N-cadherin and albumin.Results: Results indicate that the VEGF pathway is modulated after LD. LD leads to extravascular albumin leakage and BRB breakdown: β-catenin, ZO-1 and N-cadherin translocate to the cytoplasm of RPE cells showing loss of cell cohesion. This phenomenon is in adequacy with the VEGF time-course expression. Assessment of the retinal function reveals that PR rescue correlates with the level of LV-anti-VEGF expression. Rhodopsin content was higher in the LV-anti-VEGF group than in controls and measures of the ONL thickness indicate that LV-anti-VEGF preserves by 82% the outer nuclear layer from degeneration. Outer segments (OS) appeared well organized with an appropriate length in the LV-anti-VEGF group compared to controls, and the expression of SWL-opsin is maintained in the OS without being mislocalized as in the LV-GFP group. Finally, LV-anti-VEGF treatment prevents BRB breakdown and maintained RPE cell integrity.Conclusions: This study involves VEGF in LD and highlights the prime importance of the BRB integrity for PR survival. Taken together, these results show that anti-VEGF is neuroprotective in this model and maintains functional PR layer in LD-treated mice.

Models teòrics explicatius de l'aprenentatge motor

En este artículo se repasan los principales modelos teóricos explicativos del aprendizaje motor. En un primer apartado se comentan las aportaciones propias de la psicología cognitiva y más concretamente del corriente del procesamiento de la información: la Teoría del bucle cerrado de Jack Adams y la Teoría del esquema de Richard Schmidt. Posteriormente, se exponen las críticas que han recibido estos modelos y, para hacerlo, se introducen las principales aportaciones que el científico ruso Nikolai Bernstein hizo al estudio del aprendizaje y el control motor. A partir de estas aportaciones, se introducen las formulaciones teóricas que, surgidas desde la perspectiva dinámica-ecológica, pretenden superar las limitaciones de los modelos cognitivos. Finalmente, se comparan las dos perspectivas y se sugieren algunas posibles vías de desarrollo futuro del campo que nos ocupa.

Special investigation of the Sac County Treasurer’s Office Motor Vehicle Department for the period January 1, 2010 through February 27, 2014

Special investigation of the Sac County Treasurer’s Office Motor Vehicle Department for the period January 1, 2010 through February 27, 2014

Chronic low-frequency rTMS of primary motor cortex diminishes exercise training-induced gains in maximal voluntary force in humans.

Although there is consensus that the central nervous system mediates the increases in maximal voluntary force (maximal voluntary contraction, MVC) produced by resistance exercise, the involvement of the primary motor cortex (M1) in these processes remains controversial. We hypothesized that 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of M1 during resistance training would diminish strength gains. Forty subjects were divided equally into five groups. Subjects voluntarily (Vol) abducted the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) (5 bouts x 10 repetitions, 10 sessions, 4 wk) at 70-80% MVC. Another group also exercised but in the 1-min-long interbout rest intervals they received rTMS [Vol+rTMS, 1 Hz, FDI motor area, 300 pulses/session, 120% of the resting motor threshold (rMT)]. The third group also exercised and received sham rTMS (Vol+Sham). The fourth group received only rTMS (rTMS_only). The 37.5% and 33.3% gains in MVC in Vol and Vol+Sham groups, respectively, were greater (P = 0.001) than the 18.9% gain in Vol+rTMS, 1.9% in rTMS_only, and 2.6% in unexercised control subjects who received no stimulation. Acutely, within sessions 5 and 10, single-pulse TMS revealed that motor-evoked potential size and recruitment curve slopes were reduced in Vol+rTMS and rTMS_only groups and accumulated to chronic reductions by session 10. There were no changes in rMT, maximum compound action potential amplitude (M(max)), and peripherally evoked twitch forces in the trained FDI and the untrained abductor digiti minimi. Although contributions from spinal sources cannot be excluded, the data suggest that M1 may play a role in mediating neural adaptations to strength training.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, January 2014

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, January 2012

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, January 2013

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, February 2012

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, February 2013

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, February 2014

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, March 2012

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, March 2013

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, March 2014

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.

Iowa Motor Fuel Tax Monthly Reports, April 2012

The monthly fuel tax report from Iowa Department of Transportation to the Iowa Department of Revenue and Finance.