Richard O. Brooks – James Bernard Murphy (eds.), Augustine and Modern Law (Philosophers and Law), Farnham – Burlington, Ashgate, 2011. ISBN 978-0-7546- 2894-1, LIV-517 p.

Fil: Peretó Rivas, Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Horizontal profiles of longwave and shortwave radiation components over sea ice near Barrow, Alaska during the 2011 melt

An integrated instrument package for measuring and understanding the surface radiation budget of sea ice is presented, along with results from its first deployment. The setup simultaneously measures broadband fluxes of upwelling and downwelling terrestrial and solar radiation (four components separately), spectral fluxes of incident and reflected solar radiation, and supporting data such as air temperature and humidity, surface temperature, and location (GPS), in addition to photographing the sky and observed surface during each measurement. The instruments are mounted on a small sled, allowing measurements of the radiation budget to be made at many locations in the study area to see the effect of small-scale surface processes on the large-scale radiation budget. Such observations have many applications, from calibration and validation of remote sensing products to improving our understanding of surface processes that affect atmosphere-snow-ice interactions and drive feedbacks, ultimately leading to the potential to improve climate modelling of ice-covered regions of the ocean. The photographs, spectral data, and other observations allow for improved analysis of the broadband data. An example of this is shown by using the observations made during a partly cloudy day, which show erratic variations due to passing clouds, and creating a careful estimate of what the radiation budget along the observed line would have been under uniform sky conditions, clear or overcast. Other data from the setup's first deployment, in June 2011 on fast ice near Point Barrow, Alaska, are also shown; these illustrate the rapid changes of the radiation budget during a cold period that led to refreezing and new snow well into the melt season.

(Table 3) Sedimentation rates of stage 1 and last glacial maximum from different Holes during cruises of RRS Discovery in 1984-1985 and 1987-1988, and RRS James Clark Ross in 1992-1993

Within the Scotia Sea, the axis of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is geographically confined, and sediments therefore contain a record of palaeo-flow speed uncomplicated by ACC axis migration. We outline Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) current-controlled sedimentation using data from 3.5-kHz profiles, cores and current meter moorings. Geophysical surveys show areas of erosion and deposition controlled by Neogene basement topography. Deposition occurs in mounded sediment drifts or flatter areas, where 500-1000 m of sediment overlies acoustic basement. 3.5-kHz profiles show parallel, continuous sub-bottom reflectors with highest sedimentation rates in the centre of the drifts, and reflectors converging towards marginal zones of non-deposition. Locally, on the flanks of continental blocks (e.g. South Georgia), downslope processes are dominant. The absence of mudwaves on the sediment drifts may result from the unsteadiness of ACC flow. A core transect from the ACC axis south to the boundary with the Weddell Gyre shows a southward decrease in biogenic content, controlled by the Polar Front and the spring sea-ice edge. Both these features lay farther north at LGM. The cores have been dated by relative abundance of the radiolarian Cycladophora davisiana, and by changes in the biogenic Ba content, a palaeoproductivity indicator. Sedimentation rates range from 3 to 17 cm/ka. The grain size of Holocene sediments shows a coarsening trend from south to north, consistent with strongest bottom-current flow near the ACC axis, though interpretation is complicated by the presence of biogenic grains. Year-long current meter records indicate mean speeds from 7 cm/s in the south to 12 cm/s in the north, with benthic storm frequency increasing northwards. LGM sediments are predominantly terrigenous and show a clearer northward-coarsening trend, with well-sorted silts in the northern Scotia Sea. Assuming a constant terrigenous source, this implies stronger ACC flow at the LGM, contrasting with weaker Weddell Gyre flow deduced from earlier work.

Kate Millett y Las bostonianas de Henry James

Fil: Amícola, José. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.

Expansión de la frontera, tierra pública y formación de las elites en la provincia de Buenos Aires, 1780-1880

Los estudios sobre la propiedad de la tierra en la provincia de Buenos Aires, centraron su atención en las consecuencias de la legislación sobre el traspaso de tierras públicas a manos privadas promulgada durante el siglo XIX. Una larga tradición de estudios regionales y locales ha permitido establecer claramente la magnitud de las tierras públicas que pasaron a manos de particulares, determinando la estructura de las tenencias, los mecanismos de transmisión de la propiedad y la ubicación geográfica de las tenencias para poner en su justo término los alcances de la especulación y acumulación de inmuebles rurales, cubriendo el largo período entre 1780 y 1880. En esta ponencia nos proponemos estudiar el sector de la elite que se forma o se robustece con la tierra pública durante lo que hemos dado en llamar el siglo de la conquista y la ocupación del espacio en Buenos Aires. Al estudiar las condiciones materiales de la constitución de las elites, observaremos las diferentes cohortes de aquellos que aprovecharon la oportunidad para incrementar sus patrimonios, los que ?se hicieron grandes con la tierra pública?, la elite de propietarios de tierras. Sobre la base de profundas indagaciones anteriores en las que hemos agotado la información acerca de quienes compraron la tierra pública en las sucesivas ofertas del estado entre fines del siglo XVIII y fines del XIX, podremos establecer cómo se fueron conformando las elites de propietarios y si hubo o no continuidad en estas familias para la incorporación de nuevos territorios. Nos preguntamos quiénes de los que obtuvieron tierras en cada período continuaron en el siguiente con la explotación, o, a partir de ellas, consiguieron nuevas en la extensión siguiente de la frontera y, también, quiénes de los que ya tenían tierras estuvieron en mejores condiciones para organizar un nuevo establecimiento a medida que se corría la frontera hacia el sur