Contribuição ao conhecimento do Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) e do Triatoma pseudomaculata Correia e Espínola, 1964 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

O reconhecimento das espécies Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) e Triatoma pseudomaculata (Correia e Espínola, 1964), tem sido e continua sendo objeto de muita controvérsia. Essas espécies foram também confundidas pelo autor durante algum tempo. Possivelmente, a razão dessa confusão está na precária descrição de certas estruturas dessas espécies, de modo que não se pode ter certeza de sua distribuição no Brasil. Um estudo comparativo cuidadoso envolvendo ambas as espécies está aqui relatado e concluiu-se que é o T. pseudomaculata e não o T. maculata que está sendo encontrado nos Estados do Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goiás e Distrito Federal - Brasília.

Comparação da capacidade ovipositora de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), Biomphalaria tenagophila (D'Orbigni, 1835) e Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848), mantidas em laboratório

O autor comparou a capacidade ovipositora de 3 espécies de Planorbidae, Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila e B. straminea, durante um período de 30 dias, compreendidos entre os meses de Março e Abril de 1978. Registrou-se diariamente o número de ovos e desovas, referentes a 20 exemplares de cada espécie em questão. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos revelou que os exemplares de B. glabrata apresentaram maior capacidade ovipositora que as outras duas espécies em questão. A menor capacidade ovipositora foi atribuída à espécie B. tenagophila.

Studying urban space and literary representations using GIS: Lisbon, Portugal, 1852-2009

This article proposes a methodology to address the urban evolutionary process, demonstrating how it is reflected in literature. It focuses on “literary space,” presented as a territory defined by the period setting or as evoked by the characters, which can be georeferenced and drawn on a map. It identifies the different locations of literary space in relation to urban development and the economic, political, and social context of the city. We suggest a new approach for mapping a relatively comprehensive body of literature by combining literary criticism, urban history, and geographic information systems (GIS). The home-range concept, used in animal ecology, has been adapted to reveal the size and location of literary space. This interdisciplinary methodology is applied in a case study to nineteenth- and twentieth-century novels involving the city of Lisbon. The developing concepts of cumulative literary space and common literary space introduce size calculations in addition to location and structure, previously developed by other researchers. Sequential and overlapping analyses of literary space throughout time have the advantage of presenting comparable and repeatable results for other researchers using a different body of literary works or studying another city. Results show how city changes shaped perceptions of the urban space as it was lived and experienced. A small core area, correspondent to a part of the city center, persists as literary space in all the novels analyzed. Furthermore, the literary space does not match the urban evolution. There is a time lag for embedding new urbanized areas in the imagined literary scenario.

Darwin and after Darwin. An exposition of the Darwinian theory and a discussion of post-Darwinian questions, by George John Romanes ...

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Darwin and after Darwin. An exposition of the Darwinian theory and a discussion of post-Darwinian questions, by George John Romanes ...

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Darwin and after Darwin. An exposition of the Darwinian theory and a discussion of post-Darwinian questions, by George John Romanes ...

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The last of the Arctic voyages; being a narrative of the expedition in H. M. S. Assistance, under the command of Captian Sir Edward Belcher, C. B., in search of Sir John Franklin, during the years 1852-53-54. With notes on the natural history, by Sir John Richardson, Professor Owen, Thomas Bell, J. W. Salter and Lovell Reeve.

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The last of the Arctic voyages; being a narrative of the expedition in H. M. S. Assistance, under the command of Captian Sir Edward Belcher, C. B., in search of Sir John Franklin, during the years 1852-53-54. With notes on the natural history, by Sir John Richardson, Professor Owen, Thomas Bell, J. W. Salter and Lovell Reeve.

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Narrative of the expedition of an American squadron to the China Seas and Japan : performed in the years 1852, 1853, and 1854, under the command of Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy, by order of the Government of the United States /

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Estudo morfológico comparativo de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) e Triatoma pseudomaculata Corrêa & Espínola, 1964 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae)

Utilizando a microscopia ótica (MO) e eletrônica de varredura (MEV) procurou-se fornecer dados a taxionomia através da estrutura dos ovos e morfologia das ninfas, destes vetores da doença de Chagas. Os ovos em MO apresentam a superfície exocorial do opérculo e do corpo dividida em áreas poligonais com ornamentação própria; em T. maculata o exocório do corpo tem áreas indefinidas. Em MEV o exocório dos opérculos apresenta áreas poligonais de superfície estofada com pequena sulcos irregulares e perfurações distribuídas aleatoriamente nas duas espécies. O exocório do corpo apresenta: em T. maculata áreas acolchoadas com perfurações mais numerosas nos bordos, visualizando-se a borda corial, goteira espermática, aerópilas e micrópilas; em T. pseudomaculata as áreas são planas com numerosas perfurações. Nas ninfas o sulco estridulatório e o rostro apresentam diferenças significativas. O sulco estridulatórios em MO possibilitou diferenciar ninfas de 1º, 2º e 3º estádios, os 4º e 5º estádios apresentam-se semelhantes. Em MEV a diferenciação é acentuada. O rostro em MO apresenta pilosidade característica a partir do 3º estádio. T. maculata apresenta pêlos curtos e esparsos no 1º e 2º artículos e longos e numerosos no 3º, em T. pseudo-maculata semelhantes, porém mais curtos no 3º artículo.

Orientation of the snail Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848) in response to light in a situation of selection

The behavioral response of Biomphalaria straminea to light was evaluted in terms of location of the snail in a Y-shaped aquarium in a situation of selection and of the rate (cm/hour) and direction of locomotion under homogeneous 9vertical) or differential (horizontal) lighting upon only one arm of the aquarium. The light source consisted of daylight fluorescent lamps with a spectrum close to that of natural light, with illumination varying from 28 to 350 lux. Analysis of the data showed that all animals, whether in groups or isolated, were attracted to light, although the time needed to approach the light source was 50% shorter for the former than for the latter. The rate of locomotion of B. straminea was 35% higher than observed in B. glabrata and 51% higher than that observed in B. tenagophila studied under similar conditions. The results are discussed in terms of social factors and geographical distribution of the three species.

Observações ecológicas sobre Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848) em áreas do Nordeste, Brasil

The different climatic regions determine the zoogeographic distribution of various animal species depending on their particular conditions and ecological preferences. The host schistosomiasis planorbid is one of these species. This paper deals with the distribution of Biomphalaria straminea in northeast Brazil. It starts from the analysis of different climatic peculiarities in this region, associated to limnological observation done by the author in three different hydric collections in the state of Sergipe. It has been concluded that this is an "eurióioca" species. Its broad ecological valence permits this species to survive in regions where climate asperties are evident, requiring behavior and physiological adaptations. The species survives in all northeast region, from "zona da mata", in the coast, to the semi-arid "sertão".