Modelos e materiais de ensino da matemática moderna em Portugal (1950-1965)

Este artigo tem por base um estudo enquadrado no uso de materiais/modelos de ensino da Matemática na década de 60, aquando da implementação do Movimento Matemática Moderna, em Portugal. Para atingir este objectivo definimos três questões: 1) Já havia interesse no uso destes novos métodos de ensino, e consequentemente no uso de materiais diversos que levassem a uma melhor aprendizagem por parte dos alunos, antes da década de 60? 2) De que modo os professores aplicaram e usaram estes métodos/materiais na sua prática docente? E que formação tiveram? 3) Quais os métodos e materiais que os professores utilizavam nas suas aulas? O foco central deste trabalho parte da análise de dois artigos escritos na revista Labor, o primeiro em 1952 e o segundo em 1960, pelo professor António Augusto Lopes1 sobre o uso de materiais no 1º ciclo e o Laboratório de Matemática. Toda a pesquisa deste trabalho focou-se na interpretação de material fornecido pelo professor Lopes (manuscritos, relatórios, livros e fotografias, documentos do Ministério da Educação Nacional), bem como por reflexões e comentários do próprio, registadas na forma de entrevista,2 sobre o que foi o Movimento Matemática Moderna ao nível da prática docente, com recurso a novas metodologias e materiais de ensino. O período que irá ser analisado em termos cronológicos será de 1957 a 1965, isto porque é um período experimental e de mudança. A reunião de 57 da CIEAEM em Madrid é o marco histórico que irá despoletar o interesse da Comissão e de Augusto Lopes para a aplicação dos novos materiais\modelos. Apesar de só em 1965 serem criadas as primeiras turmas piloto para aplicação das metodologias e dos novos materiais\modelos preconizadas pelo MMM.

Do the psychological impacts of war cause poverty?: Evidence from Mozambique

This paper evaluates the extent to which war-related psychological distress causes poverty. The endogeneous nature of mental distress is addressed by using exposure to the civil war in Mozambique as an instrument. It is found that exposure to war has a significant and positive long-lasting impact on mental distress. Furthermore, the causal impact of war-related psychological distress on income and wealth is shown to be significant, negative, and nonnegligible. One standard deviation increase in mental distress decreases income by half a standard deviation. These findings are robust to alternative specifications, including the use of an alternative database on the incidence of PTSD in Mozambique.

Espírito Santo Saúde: The bidding war

This case study describes the current situation of Espírito Santo Saúde, which involved an eventful takeover process. The company initially went public on February 2014 and later that year, due to the financial situation of its holdings it had to be sold. The bidding war began in August 2014, after Ángeles announced the first offer. Other participants who also pitched bids include José de Mello Saúde, UnitedHealth and Fosun. Furthermore, the potential projects Espírito Santo Saúde was considering implementing prior to the sale and the current situation of the healthcare industry in Portugal, will also be analysed.

Información estadística sobre embarcaciones utilizadas en la pesca industrial en el Perú 1953 -1962

Estadística del desarrollo de la flota pesquera en el Perú por un periodo de 10 años y a través del tipo de pesca, clases de eslora y puertos de inscripción. Los informes más detallados corresponden al año 1961 y 1962, donde la flota empleada para cada tipo de pesca industrial fue agrupada en clases de eslora y puertos de inscripción para la flota nacional y por puertos de desembarqué, para las embarcaciones de bandera extranjera. Solamente algunos cuadros se han hecho con indicadores analíticos para demostrar la estructura de la flota bolichera

Reporte de datos sobre índices de afloramiento y turbulencia diarios para Trujillo y Callao, Perú, 1953-1985

Se presentan los índices de afloramiento y turbulencia para Trujillo (08º06'S) y Callao (12°00'S) durante 1953-85. Estos están basados en el cálculo de transporte Ekman y la intensidad al cubo usando datos de dirección y velocidad de viento registrados en los aeropuertos de las mencionadas localidades.

Pesquería de anchoveta en el mar peruano 1950 - 1999

Se analiza la situación actual de la pesquería de la anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens), en el periodo 1950 - 1999 y se presenta un diagnóstico de su situación. En este contexto, el trabajo enfoca el análisis de la pesquería en términos de sus unidades de pesca y los principales aspectos biológico-pesqueros, índice de captura por unidad de esfuerzo y dinámica poblacional del recurso. Finalmente, se presentan las principales medidas de administración para este recurso.

Abundancia de aves guanera y su relación con la pesquería de anchoveta peruana de 1953 a 1999

Se actualizaron las series de tiempo sobre las poblaciones de guanay Leucocarbo bougainvillii, piquero peruano Sula variegata y pelícano peruano Pelecanus thagus entre 1953 y 1999. El desarrollo de la pesquería industrial de anchoveta a inicios de los años 50, significó un cambio en la dinámica poblacional de las aves guaneras. A partir de El Niño 1965, que causó una mortandad del 76%, reduciendo 17 millones de aves guaneras a sólo alrededor de 4, ellas no han recuperado sus más altos valores poblacionales, alcanzados antes del desarrollo de la pesquería industrial. Sin embargo, la tendencia a un paulatino crecimiento de la población de las aves guaneras, registrado a partir de 1983, fue afectado drásticamente por El Niño 1997-98. Hacia finales de 1999, se ha observado una progresiva recuperación de las colonias de estas especies en todas las islas y puntas, pero permanecen muy por debajo de los tamaños alcanzados antes de El Niño 1997-98. Se ha sugerido que el alimento es la principal causa de la regulación poblacional de las aves marinas, y estudios recientes muestran que la disponibilidad de presas actúa como un factor limitante en el tamaño de las poblaciones reproductoras. La reducción de áreas adecuadas para la reproducción de las aves guaneras, debido a una creciente perturbación humana, podría también restringir el crecimiento de sus poblaciones.

Temperaturas superficiales del mar a lo largo de la costa peruana para el periodo 1950-1988

Se presentan las series de tiempo mensuales de las Temperaturas Superficiales de Mar (TSM) de 9 estaciones costeras localizadas a lo lardo de la costa peruana, para el periodo enero 1950 - abril 1988 y un análisis preliminar de su variabilidad espacial y temporal.

Algunos resultados de las anillaciones de Guanay (Phalacrocorax bougainvillii L.) efectuados durante 1939-1941 y 1949-1953

Proporciona información sobre el guanay, ave guanera, que es estudiado para determinar su proceso de anidación y la influencia que tiene en la producción del guano en todo el litoral peruano. Realizan una técnica de marcación de ejemplares para hacerles seguimiento en el periodo de los años 1939 a 1953.

Man O'War, le cheval qui a battu les records du monde : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59717

The inadequate dominance of realism : an analysis of the U.S. war on terror /

There has been and will continue to be substantial debate over how the international system can best be characterized. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the international system can best be characterized by the essential features of realism, but the use of realist policy prescriptions are inadequate when applied independently to deal with the threat of terrorism as it exists today. In order to demonstrate this an examination of realism in the international system, U.S. foreign policy, and case analysis of Afghanistan and Iraq will be undertaken to demonstrate that although realist policy prescriptions do have a role in dealing with modem transnational security threats, these prescriptions on their own are inadequate when dealing with terrorism.

Attitudes toward Konglish of South Korean teachers of English in the Province of Jeollanamdo /

This study examined the attitudes of South Korean teachers of English in Jeollanamdo toward Konglish, particularly in relation to English education. The literature search shows that Konglish is a typical local variety, evolved from the borrowing and redefining of English words that became part of everyday South Korean speech. Konglish is not unique in this regard. Japlish in Japan and Chinglish in China developed for similar reasons and display the distinctive characteristics of those languages. However, Konglish is usually defined as poor and incorrect. Teachers in the study expressed embarrassment, shyness, guilt, and anger about Konglish. On the other hand, they also valued it as something uniquely theirs. Teachers believed that students should not be taught that Konglish is bad English. However, students should be taught that it is poor or incorrect. With few exceptions, they correct Konglish in their classes. Teachers exhibited considerable inner conflict. They defined Konglish as valid when used in Korea with Koreans. However, some preferred that their students not use it, even with their friends. This may cause students to judge Konglish as unacceptable or inferior. The teachers believed that students should learn to distinguish between Konglish and "Standard English," and that they should learn about the contexts in which each is appropriate or preferred. The conclusion, therefore, is that South Korean teachers see the value of teaching about varieties of English. The recommendations are that intelligibility, broader communication skills, and information about International English be included in the curriculum in South Korea.

The Falkland Islands War of 1982: a legal, diplomatic and strategic evaluation

The Falkland Islands War of 1982 was fought over competing claims to sovereignty over a group of islands off the east coast of South America. The dispute was between Argentina and the United Kingdom. Argentina claims the islands under rights to Spanish succession, the fact that they lie off the Argentine coast line and that in 1833 Great Britain took the islands illegally and by force. The United Kingdom claims the islands primarily through prescription--the fact that they have governed the islands in a peaceful, continuous and public manner since 1833. The British also hold that the population living on the islands, roughly eighteen hundred British descendants, should be able to decide their own future. The United Kingdom also lays claim to the islands through rights of discovery and settlement, although this claim has always been challenged by Spain who until 1811 governed the islands. Both claims have legal support, and the final decision if there will ever be one is difficult to predict. Sadly today the ultimate test of sovereignty does not come through international law but remains in the idea that "He is sovereign who can defend his sovereignty." The years preceding the Argentine invasion of 1982 witnessed many diplomatic exchanges between The United Kingdom and Argentina over the future of the islands. During this time the British sent signals to Argentina that ii implied a decline in British resolve to hold the islands and demonstrated that military action did more to further the talks along than did actual negotiations. The Argentine military junta read these signals and decided that they could take the islands in a quick military invasion and that the United Kingdom would consider the act as a fait accompli and would not protest the invasion. The British in response to this claimed that they never signaled to Argentina that a military solution was acceptable to them and launched a Royal Navy task force to liberate the islands. Both governments responded to an international crisis with means that were designed both to resolve the international crisis and increase the domestic popularity of the government. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher was facing an all-time low in popularity for post-War Prime Ministers while Argentine President General Galtieri needed to gain mass popular support so he could remain a viable President after he was scheduled to lose command of the army and a seat on the military junta that ran the country. The military war for the Falklands is indicative of the nature of modern warfare between Third World countries. It shows that the gap in military capabilities between Third and First World countries is narrowing significantly. Modern warfare between a First and Third World country is no longer a 'walk over' for the First World country.