Sharp mandibular bone irregularities after lower third molar extraction: Incidence, clinical features and risk factors

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and clinical symptoms associated with sharp mandibular bone irregularities (SMBI) after lower third molar extraction and to identify possible risk factors for this complication. Study Design: A mixed study design was used. A retrospective cohort study of 1432 lower third molar extractions was done to determine the incidence of SMBI and a retrospective case-control study was done to determine potential demographic and etiologic factors by comparing those patients with postoperative SMBI with controls. Results: Twelve SMBI were found (0.84%). Age was the most important risk factor for this complication. The operated side and the presence of an associated radiolucent image were also significantly related to the development of mandibular bone irregularities. The depth of impaction of the tooth might also be an important factor since erupted or nearly erupted third molars were more frequent in the SMBI group. Conclusions: SMBI are a rare postoperative complication after lower third molar removal. Older patients having left side lower third molars removed are more likely to develop this problem. The treatment should be the removal of the irregularity when the patient is symptomatic

Influência da matéria orgânica na adsorção do fungicida triadimenol pelo solo

The adsorption of triadimenol (1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol) on soil samples with varying contents of organic matter was studied. The adsorption was described by means of the Freundlich's isoterm. An increase in the capacity of adsorption was observed as the content of organic carbon in the matrix increased. That effect was observed when removing the organic matter from the soil, when adding a urban waste compost to the soil sample as well as to the soil sample without organic matter, and also after leaving proportions of urban waste compost incubated in these matrices for a period of 120 days. The results show that the adsorption of the triadimenol in the soil is dependent of its content of organic carbon.

Estudo químico e perfil cromatográfico das cascas de Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC. ("pau-pereira")

Four known alkaloids, uleine, epiuleine, apparicine and desmethyluleine, besides the isoprenoids lupeol and stigmasterol were isolated from the stem bark of Aspidosperma parvifolium. Their identification was based on spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, ¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS). The chromatographic profile of the ethanolic extract was obtained by HPLC and uleine, epiuleine and apparicine were identified in the extract.

Identificação e quantificação do cristal violeta em aguardentes de mandioca (tiquira)

Tiquira is a traditional homemade alcoholic distillate produced in the Maranhão State (Brazil), gotten from cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz.). It can be normally found on street markets. Due to the addition of tangerine leaves, the original tiquira has a bluish color. Samples of this beverage were acquired in the local trade and analyzed from the spectroanalytical point of view. The results indicated that these drinks had been adulterated by the addition of crystal violet, a potencialy hazardous compound. The identification and quantification of crystal violet in 10 spiked samples was accomplished by UV-Vis spectrophotometry through the standard addition method. In order to verify the efficiency of the proposed method, experiments on the quantification and recovery were carried out and the results indicated a content of crystal violet in the 10-6 to 10-7 mol L-1 range.

Diazepam e nordiazepam em plasma: métodos de extração líquido-líquido e em fase sólida no pré-tratamento de amostras para análise cromatográfica em fase líquida

Analysis of diazepam (DZP) and its active metabolite nordiazepam (NDZP) in plasma is commonly performed in clinical medicine to ensure proper therapeutic effects while minimizing the incidence of toxicity. This study aimed to optimize analytical parameters and compare two pre-treatment techniques, liquid-liquid (LLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE), as well as liquid chromatographic conditions to analyze simultaneously DZP and NDZP in plasma from 20 patients treated with a daily dose of 10 mg. Both techniques showed to be well in line with the international criteria for analytical validation, which permitted to quantify DZP (66.2 - 1148.6 ng mL-1) and NDZP (138.5 - 808.6 ng mL -1) in all samples. The correlation coefficients between SPE and LLE were respectively 0.9729 for DZP and 0.9643 for NDZP.

Otimização e validação da técnica de extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (ELL-PBT) para piretróides em água e análise por CG

The liquid-liquid extraction with the low temperature partition technique was developed for the analysis of four pyrethroids in water by CG. Using a factorial design the extraction technique was optimised evaluating the effect of the variables ionic strength, contact time and proportion between sample and solvent volumes. The validation parameters sensitivity, precision, accuracy and detection and quantification limits were evaluated. The LOD and LOQ of the method varied from 1.1 to 3.2 µg L-1 and 2.7 to 9.5 µg L-1, respectively.

Alcalóides indólicos isolados de espécies do gênero Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae)

Species from genus Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) are popularly employed to treat various diseases. This genus is characterized by the occurrence of indole alkaloids. Taking into account the various biological activities attributed to these alkaloids, the description of the chemical diversity in genus Aspidosperma is important. A review of simple carbolinic alkaloids isolated from species of various genera was published in 1979. In 1987, it was published another one dealing with the relationships between the chemical structures of the indole alkaloids and the evolution of Aspidosperma species. This work updates the information about the indole alkaloids isolated from Aspidosperma species.

Influência de poluentes atmosféricos em Belo Jardim (PE) utilizando Cladonia verticillaris (líquen) como biomonitor

Cladonia verticillaris used in this study was collected in the cerrado vegetation of Saloá (PE, Brazil) and transplanted in plastic containers on soil from the collection place to Belo Jardim (PE) that possesses lead smelters and battery industries. The experiments were disposed at eleven different places for evaluating the dispersion of pollutants and their effects on the biomonitor. The exposed lichens were collected over eight months and submitted to thin layer and high performance liquid chromatographies, and scanning electron microscopy. C. verticillaris placed in the vicinity of the emission sources demonstrated alteration in its metabolism, decreasing the production of its major compound, fumarprotocetraric acid, and deterioration of its external and internal surfaces.

Arsenic mobilization from sulfidic materials from gold mines in Minas Gerais State

Acid drainage results from exposition of sulfides to the atmosphere. Arsenopyrite is a sulfide that releases arsenic (As) to the environment when oxidized. This work evaluated the As mobility in six sulfidic geomaterials from gold mining areas in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Grained samples (<2 mm) were periodically leached with distilled water, during 70 days. Results suggested As sorption onto (hydr)oxides formed by oxidation of arsenopyrite. Low pH accelerated the acid generation, dissolving Fe oxihydroxides and releasing As. Presence of carbonates decreased oxidation rates and As release. On the other hand, lime added to a partially oxidized sample increased As mobilization.

Um estudo teórico de propriedades moleculares em complexos de hidrogênio trimoleculares C2H4···2HF, C2H2···2HF e C3h6···2HF

We present a theoretical study of molecular properties in C2H4···2HF, C2H2···2HF and C3H6···2HF trimolecular hydrogen-bonded complexes. From B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations, the most important structural deformations are related to the C=C (C2H4), C≡C (C2H2), C-C (C3H6) and HF bond lengths. According to the Bader's atoms in molecules and CHELPG calculations, it was identified a tertiary interaction between the fluorine atom of the second hydrofluoric acid molecule and hydrogen atoms of the ethylene and acetylene within the C2H4···2HF and C2H2···2HF complexes, respectively. Additionally, the evaluation of the infrared spectrum characterized the new vibrational modes and bathochromic effect of the HF molecules.

Composição molecular e origem paleobotânica de âmbares da bacia do Araripe, Formação Santana

The terpenoid composition of seven amber samples from Araripe Basin (Santana Formation, Crato Member) has been analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine their botanical origin. The diterpenoids, which have been identified in the fossil resin extracts are derived primarily from the abietane class, e.g., dehydroabietane, 4-epidehydroabietol, 16,17,18-trisnorabieta-8,11,13-triene, 7-oxo-16,17,19-trisnorabieta-8,11,13-trieno, dehydroabietic acid, ferruginol, hinokiol and hinokione. Their composition is certainly typical for conifers, and angiosperms can be excluded as the botanical source, as no triterpene was identified. The terpenoid characteristics strongly support a relationship to the Araucariaceae or Podocarpaceae families. In addition, the fossil record of the embedding sediments (pollen and fossil leaves) also supports the proposal of these paleobotanical origins for the ambers.

Variações no teor e na composição volátil de Hyptis marrubioides EPL: cultivada no campo e em casa de vegetação

This work describes the chemical composition of the volatile oil of Hyptis marrubioides cultivated in field and greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized, with ten replications for each type of cultivation. The volatile oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The highest content of volatile oil was found for plants grown in field. The highest percentage of the compounds present in oils was observed in samples grown in the field, such as germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol (16.34%), β-caryophyllene (10.42%), γ-muurolene (12.83%) and trans-thujone (9.98%). However, some compounds were found only in plants grown in a greenhouse, such as cis-muurol-5-en-4α-ol (10.84%), α-cadinol (3.06%) and eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1β-ol (6.82%).

Produção de micropartículas de alginato contendo Flavobacterium columnare inativada pelo método de emulsão para vacinação de peixes por via oral

Alginate microparticles were prepared by an emulsion method aiming oral controlled release of antigens to fish. The effects of emulsification temperature and impeller type on particle morphology, average diameter, and size distribution were evaluated. Microparticles contaning formalin-killed Flavobacterium columnare cells (a model antigen) were prepared and characterized regarding bacterial release and particle stability when exposed to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) typical gastrointestinal conditions. This methodology allowed the production of microparticles containing up to 14.3 g/L of bacterin, stable at a pH range from 2.0 to 9.0 for 12 h and smaller than 35 μm.

Produção de substratos sers eficientes através da deposição de ouro sobre um molde de microesferas de poliestireno

This work reports on the SERS activity of a nanostructured substrate that was obtained by electrodepositing gold over a template consisting of polystyrene microspheres. This substrate displayed superior SERS performance for the detection of 4-merctaptopyridine as compared to a conventional roughened Au electrode. In order to investigate the substrate capability for the detection at low concentration limits, a series of Rhodamine 6G (1 nM) spectra were registered. Our spectral dynamics data is in agreement with single-molecule behavior, showing that the control over the substrate morphology is crucial to enable the production of highly reproducible and sensitive SERS substrates.

Planejamento fatorial e superfície de resposta: otimização de um método voltamétrico para a determinação de ag(i) empregando um eletrodo de pasta de nanotubos de carbono

A factorial design applied in a voltammetric stripping method for the measurement of Ag(I) in natural water is described. The procedure is based on the effective pre-concentration of silver ions on electrode surface. The calibration graph was linear in the silver concentration range from 7.92 x 10"7 to 1.07 x 10"5 mol L"1 with a detection limit of 3.81 x 10-7 mol L-1. The determination of Ag(I) in natural water samples was carried out satisfactory with the proposed electrode.