Environmental protection pressure groups in kerala: a study on their structure, strategy and role with special reference to industrial pollution

The present study focuses attention on the social phenomenon of environmental protection pressure groups in Kerala. A detailed historical background of environmental protection pressure groups at international and national scenes as background for this study .Emphirical studies of environmental protection pressure groups in Kerala with special reference to industrial pollution is dicussed in detail . The main objective of the study is to identify the factors that make pressure groups succeed or fail in achieving their set objectives.The factors include the structure and strategies of social pressure groups and the support they receive from the environment.

Reducing Vibrio load in Artemia nauplii usingantimicrobial photodynamic therapy: a promising strategy to reduce antibiotic application in shrimp larviculture

We propose antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an alternative strategy to reduce the use of antibiotics in shrimp larviculture systems. The growth of a multiple antibiotic resistant Vibrio harveyi strain was effectively controlled by treating the cells with Rose Bengal and photosensitizing for 30 min using a halogen lamp. This resulted in the death of > 50% of the cells within the first 10 min of exposure and the 50% reduction in the cell wall integrity after 30 min could be attributed to the destruction of outer membrane protein of V. harveyi by reactive oxygen intermediates produced during the photosensitization. Further, mesocosm experiments with V. harveyi and Artemia nauplii demonstrated that in 30 min, the aPDT could kill 78.9% and 91.2% of heterotrophic bacterial and Vibrio population respectively. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that aPDT with its rapid action and as yet unreported resistance development possibilities could be a propitious strategy to reduce the use of antibiotics in shrimp larviculture systems and thereby, avoid their hazardous effects on human health and the ecosystem at large.

A facile strategy for the synthesis of highly substituted imidazole using tetrabutyl ammoniumbromide as catalyst

A simple and facile strategy for the synthesis of highly substituted imidazoles has been developed by multi-component condensation of 1,2-diketone, aldehyde, amine, and ammonium acetate in presence of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide as catalyst

A facile and single pot strategy for the synthesis of novel naphthyridine derivatives under microwave irradiation conditions using ZnCl2 as catalyst, evaluation of AChE inhibitory activity, and molecular modeling studies

A series of novel naphthyridine derivatives 3 and 4 was prepared from substituted pyridine 2 and ketones using ZnCl2 as catalyst under microwave irradiation conditions. All the compounds were evaluated for AChE inhibitory activity and promising compounds 3d, 3e, 4b, and 4g was identified. Representative compounds 3d and 3e were found to show insignificant THLE-2 liver cell viability/toxicity. The binding mode between X-ray crystal structure of human AChE and compounds was studied using molecular docking method and fitness scores were found to be in good correlation with the activity data.

The Plurality Strategy on Graphs

The Majority Strategy for finding medians of a set of clients on a graph can be relaxed in the following way: if we are at v, then we move to a neighbor w if there are at least as many clients closer to w than to v (thus ignoring the clients at equal distance from v and w). The graphs on which this Plurality Strategy always finds the set of all medians are precisely those for which the set of medians induces always a connected subgraph

A Compilation Strategy for Numerical Programs Based on Partial Evaluation

This work demonstrates how partial evaluation can be put to practical use in the domain of high-performance numerical computation. I have developed a technique for performing partial evaluation by using placeholders to propagate intermediate results. For an important class of numerical programs, a compiler based on this technique improves performance by an order of magnitude over conventional compilation techniques. I show that by eliminating inherently sequential data-structure references, partial evaluation exposes the low-level parallelism inherent in a computation. I have implemented several parallel scheduling and analysis programs that study the tradeoffs involved in the design of an architecture that can effectively utilize this parallelism. I present these results using the 9- body gravitational attraction problem as an example.

European employment strategy and spanish labour market policies

The paper aim is to analyse the influence of the European Employment Strategy (EES)in the implementation of the Spanish labour market policies. The first part of the paper describes the evolution and content of the EES. In the second one, the definition of activation is also explained. In addition to that, the ways how the EES develops and promotes active labour market policies are examined. The evolution of labour market policies in Spain and the current configuration of both active and passive policies are studied in the next three chapters. In these parts, the paper investigates to which extent the provisions of the EES have been implemented in Spain. The paper shows that: i) activation has been rising in the European countries since the implementation of the EES; ii) this fact has also happened in relative terms (comparing the evolution of active to passive policies); iii) Spain has been one of the countries which has led these processes; iv) the EES seems to have been influencing

Student self-assessment a feedback seeking strategy through competence evaluation

There is a body of literature that suggests that student self-assessment is a main goal in higher education (Boud et al., 1995; Tan, 2008); moreover new forms of work organization require a high level of skills and competences. The efforts to deal with competence gaps could be developed at many levels, such as employers, educational institutions, individuals and public agents. Employers could put into practice competence development programs to moderate these gaps. Educational institutions can restructure the curriculum to support students in attaining the competences that are essential in the labour market. Individuals themselves may deploy their resources (time and money) in general or specific competence training. Further, government agencies could fund competence promotion programs. Such challenges for education drive change in learning curricula and method, to properly include the competences required for developing global workers who can move beyond basic competence, to enhanced flexibility and adaptability. In performance assessment methods, there is a shift from the traditional exam-based assessments to more innovative task assessment, which considers performance in multiple different tasks carry out by students. ICTs make it technologically feasible to carry out a complete and complex selfassessment of competences, which provides immediate results to students or other recipients. In the case of students, the evaluation of competences is relevant as developing competences is part - if not all - of the objectives of education. Therefore, it is an important element of the quality of educational organizations (e.g., universities), and of their organizational success. Further, educational organizations may put special emphasis on some differentiating competences, which can be a means of positioning and differentiation from competitors. Competence assessment is an instrument to make students conscious of their strengths and weaknesses, leading to higher motivation to develop their own learning career

Aprender investigando. Una experiencia formativa en el ámbito de la enfermería = Research teaching processes used as a methodological strategy in the education of healthcare professionals

Este trabajo tiene como propósito presentar y valorar, desde la perspectiva del alumnado participante, un proyecto de investigación-formación puesto en marcha durante el curso 2003-2004 en la elaboración del trabajo de tesina, fin de carrera, en la Escuela de Enfermería de Vitoria, dentro del programa de Licenciatura Europea de Enfermería. Constituye el punto de partida de un proyecto a largo plazo, iniciado con la intención de desarrollar principios teóricos y procedimientos prácticos que nos permitan sistematizar procesos formativos que, centrados en la investigación, articulen la teoría y la práctica e integren una perspectiva comunicativa y cooperativa

Balance del derecho electoral colombiano

La razón de ser de la obra Balance del derecho electoral colombiano es la necesidad de analizar, con una visión política, sociológica y jurídica, el reto de transformar al elector en ciudadano; así como evidenciar los problemas que aquejan actualmente nuestro derecho electoral, estos son los ejes temáticos de la investigación. En esa medida, se profundiza en la legalidad y la eficacia del voto, reflexionando específicamente sobre la aprocrificidad, los fraudes electorales y los errores matemáticos que se pueden presentar en las elecciones. Asimismo, se analizan las causales de perdida de investidura como uno de los mecanismos para moralizar y depurar la conformación de las corporaciones de elección popular. Se ubica nuestro sistema electoral bajo el entendido de la existencia de medidas institucionales que favorezcan el acuerdo y la creación de condiciones para que los ciudadanos acepten como validas las decisiones que se adoptan en virtud de dichos procesos institucionales. En consecuencia, a demás de contextualizar el tema en el derecho comparado, se profundiza en la relación que existe entre la democracia, representación y sistemas electorales. Además, se hace una reflexión novedosa sobre la reforma político electoral de 2003, teniendo en cuenta la elección senatorial de 2006. Desde una perspectiva histórica, se analiza la forma de garantizar el principio de igualdad, la transparencia y la objetividad en la decisión expresada por los votos, a través de una organización electoral que debe proyectar ante la sociedad confianza y credibilidad en los procesos electorales. Se ofrece también el análisis sobre la relación imprescindible que existe en las democracias contemporáneas entre la política y la comunicación, soportada por las modernas técnicas de información y comunicación masiva y que ha originado, dentro de la democracia electrónica, el voto electrónico, el cual es un imperativo constitucional y legal para el país, en el contesto de nuestro avance tecnológico y el diagnostico del estado actual de nuestra democracia, se aportan las posibles ventajas y desventajas que puede conllevar la utilización de métodos electrónicos para expresar el sufragio. Además, se destaca la importancia de las encuestas de opinión en los procesos electorales.

Entre la persistencia y el cambio : reconfiguración del escenario partidista y electoral de Colombia

Este libro constituye un esfuerzo por avanzar en el análisis de algunos ejes indispensables para la comprensión de lo que ha sucedido en el ámbito partidista y electoral en Colombia, durante las últimas décadas. Desde distintas aproximaciones, los artículos que lo componen buscan ahondar en el conocimiento en torno a las formas en que funciona el sistema partidista y electoral hoy en día. Un primer aporte de este libro es ofrecer nuevos elementos de análisis para abocar tres temas en los cuales existen hondos vacíos en la literatura actual: el impacto de las reformas político-electorales, los cambios en el sistema de partidos y las transformaciones en las formas de participación y competencia política. Un segundo aporte consiste en entrelazar el análisis histórico y el análisis coyuntural. Los autores buscan integrar las dimensiones coyunturales, asociadas con debates recientes sobre temas partidistas y electorales que han tenido gran relevancia en los últimos años, con análisis de más largo aliente. En tercer lugar, las hipótesis desarrolladas por los artículos se sustentan en una importante evidencia empírica. Se trabaja con datos cuantitativos que prácticamente han sido inexplorados por otros estudios.

A new optimised De Bruijn coding strategy for structured light patterns

Coded structured light is an optical technique based on active stereovision that obtains the shape of objects. One shot techniques are based on projecting a unique light pattern with an LCD projector so that grabbing an image with a camera, a large number of correspondences can be obtained. Then, a 3D reconstruction of the illuminated object can be recovered by means of triangulation. The most used strategy to encode one-shot patterns is based on De Bruijn sequences. In This work a new way to design patterns using this type of sequences is presented. The new coding strategy minimises the number of required colours and maximises both the resolution and the accuracy