Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus: A Review of 115 Cases in a Brazilian Center

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Enzymatic activity profile of a Brazilian culture collection of Candida albicans isolated from diabetics and non-diabetics with oral candidiasis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Pervasive transition of the Brazilian land-use system

Agriculture, deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions and local/regional climate change have been closely intertwined in Brazil. Recent studies show that this relationship has been changing since the mid 2000s, with the burgeoning intensification and commoditization of Brazilian agriculture. On one hand, this accrues considerable environmental dividends including a pronounced reduction in deforestation (which is becoming decoupled from agricultural production), resulting in a decrease of similar to 40% in nationwide greenhouse gas emissions since 2005, and a potential cooling of the climate at the local scale. On the other hand, these changes in the land-use system further reinforce the long-established inequality in land ownership, contributing to rural-urban migration that ultimately fuels haphazard expansion of urban areas. We argue that strong enforcement of sector-oriented policies and solving long-standing land tenure problems, rather than simply waiting for market self-regulation, are key steps to buffer the detrimental effects of agricultural intensification at the forefront of a sustainable pathway for land use in Brazil.

Genetic Identification of F1 and Post-F1 Serrasalmid Juvenile Hybrids in Brazilian Aquaculture

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Enhanced production of parthenocarpic cucumbers pollinated with stingless bees and Africanized honey bees in greenhouses

Crops have different levels of dependence on pollinators; this holds true even for cultivars of the same species, as in the case of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). The aim of this research was to assess the attractiveness of flowers of three Japanese parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars and evaluate the importance of Africanized bees (Apis mellifera), and the Brazilian native stingless bees, Jata (Tetragonisca angustula) and Ira (Nannotrigona testaceicornis) on fruit production. Several parameters, including frequency of bee visits to flowers as well as duration of nectar collection and fruit set were examined; additionally, fruit weight, length and diameter were evaluated. Three greenhouses located in Ribeirao Preto, SP, were used for planting three cucumber cultivars (Hokushin, Yoshinari and Soudai). The female flowers were more attractive than male flowers; however, Jata bees were not observed visiting the flowers. The Africanized and the Ira bees collected only nectar, with a visitation peak between 10 and 12h. Visits to female flowers had a longer duration than visits to male flower visits in all three cultivars. Africanized bee colonies declined due to loss of bees while in the greenhouse; the native stingless bee colonies did not suffer these losses. When bees were excluded, fruit set was 78%; however, when bees had access to the flowers, fruit set was significantly (19.2%) higher. Fruit size and weight did not differ with and without bees. This demonstrates that even in parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars, which do not require pollination in order to from fruits, fruit production is significantly increased by bee pollination.

Semliki Forest Virus as a Vector: Pros and Cons for Its Use in Biopharmaceuticals Production

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Scientific collaboration network among Brazilian universities: an analysis in Dentistry area

This paper analyses the scientific collaboration network formed by the Brazilian universities that investigate in dentistry area. The constructed network is based on the published documents in the Scopus (Elsevier) database covering a period of 10 (ten) years. It is used social network analysis as the best methodological approach to visualize the capacity for collaboration, dissemination and transmission of new knowledge among universities. Cohesion and density of the collaboration network is analyzed, as well as the centrality of the universities as key-actors and the occurrence of subgroups within the network. Data were analyzed using the software UCINET and NetDraw. The number of documents published by each university was used as an indicator of its scientific production.

El ámbito temático: un análisis de dominio de las conferencias nacionales y regionales de ISKO (Brasil, España y América del Norte)

This article is the result of a domain analysis of the articles published in the congresses of ISKO in Brazil, Spain and North America, aiming at identifying the themes and scientific collaboration characteristics, as an input for future studies on research trends and promoting the growth of the participation in each community. So it was characterized as an exploratory research focused on the analysis domain. The results showed that the Brazilian, North American and Iberian ISKO Chapters have been building a large space of scientific production with some convergent subjects like the epistemological questions, but also considering the regional specific ones. In this vein, the presence of researchers in the three studied academic spaces reveals a concern on establishing dialogical basis in KO research, whose main research institutions are São Paulo State University (UNESP, Brazil), University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (UWM, United States) and University Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M, Spain), which have deeply intensified their collaboration in joint publications.

A inserção e o impacto internacional da pesquisa brasileira em 'estudos métricos': uma análise na base Scopus

This research aims at analyzing the Brazilian scientific contribution on “metric studies” in the mainstream science through journals indexed in the Scopus basis, intending to visualize its insertion and international impact in the area. Mainly, to diachronically study the researches, the most productive authors and the scientific support network generated among them, as well as to identify the journals in which such production has been disseminated. It is based upon the three main target groups of current bibliometrics, as in Glänzel’s perspective (2003), and upon the impact of Brazilian researches in the international community through the citations received. Were found 263 articles and tables concerning the diachronical study and the highlighted researchers and journals were constructed analyzing the insertion in the target groups, the number of articles, number of citations and the average of citations. As results, researchers from the Federal Universities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo have stood out. All the researchers permeate the application of metric studies to several scientific areas, with emphasis on the health and biological sciences. The least contemplated researches were the ones whose objective was to develop and to discuss the bibliometrics as methodology, contributing to its on conceptual-theoreticalmethodological development, as well as those focusing on contributing, assessing and guiding scientific policies. We conclude by suggesting scientific and academic policies which motivate the researchers to publish in journals indexed in international bases in order to internationalize Brazilian science.

Meninices de uma poetisa: um estudo de O menino poeta, de Henriqueta Lisboa

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Atlas interativo do Pontal do Paranapanema: uma contribuição à educação ambiental

A área do Pontal do Paranapanema está localizada no Extremo Oeste do Estado de São Paulo, na região sudeste do Brasil, em uma posição estratégica considerando tanto sua proximidade com os Estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e Paraná quanto o advento do Mercosul - o mercado comum do Cone Sul. No Estado de São Paulo há três áreas muito carentes, uma das quais é o Pontal do Paranapanema, onde têm havido muitos conflitos sociais relativos à posse e propriedade da terra, envolvendo disputas entre o Estado e os latifundiários. Nos últimos anos os trabalhadores rurais têm realizado ocupações nesta região e reivindicado terras - eles criaram um grupo denominado MST (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra), que tem ganhado popularidade e apoio de vários segmentos da comunidade, estando diariamente na mídia (jornais, TV etc). A comunidade acadêmica tem estado consciente e preocupada com esta situação e, portanto, tem desenvolvido estudos e pesquisas sobre o assunto, tanto individualmente quanto através de grupos de pesquisa. Uma das mais importantes Universidades Brasileiras é a Universidade Estadual Paulista (unesp), que tem um de seus campus localizado no município de Presidente Prudente (o qual está localizado no Pontal do Paranapanema). Desde a década de 1960 diversos pesquisadores têm desenvolvido pesquisas técnico-científicas almejando produzir um Atlas do Pontal do Paranapanema em formato convencional. O principal objetivo seria o de reunir, através de mapas topográficos e temáticos, todas as informações geográficas sobre o Pontal do Paranapanema, a fim de servir de base para projetos e planejamentos governamentais (municipais ou estaduais), bem como para o setor privado. O Atlas seria também um produto de informação sobre os recursos naturais e as condições sócio-econômicas desta área, sendo voltado para estudos acadêmico...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

The ecophysiological performance of Vernonia polyanthes Less. (Asteraceae) in conserved and degraded forests in the Brazilian Cerrado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interferon-gamma production by human neutrophils upon stimulation by IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 and challenge with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Implications of stillage land disposal: A critical review on the impacts of fertigation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Energetic and economic analysis of a Brazilian compact cogeneration system: Comparison between natural gas and biogas

Cogeneration may be defined as the simultaneous production of electric power and useful heat from the burning of a single fuel. This technique of combined heat and power production has been applied in both the industrial and tertiary sectors. It has been mainly used because of its overall efficiency, and the guarantee of electricity with a low level of environmental impact. The compact cogeneration systems using internal combustion engine as prime movers are thoroughly applied because of the good relationship among cost and benefit obtained in such devices. The cogeneration system of this study consists of an internal combustion engine using natural gas or biogas as fuel, combined with two heat exchangers and an absorption chiller utilising water-ammonia as working mixture. This work presents an energetic and economic comparison between natural gas and biogas as fuel used for the system proposed. The results are useful to identify the feasible applications for this system, such as residential sector in isolated areas, hotels, universities etc. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.