Associação entre expressão de receptores TLR2 e TLR4 e produção de TNF-alpha e IL-10 por monócitos de gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy specific syndrome characterized by a systemic inflammatory response, with higher intensity than that observed in normal pregnancy. Cells of the immune system, such as monocytes and granulocytes are endogenously activated and secrete high levels of free radicals and inflammatory cytokines. The objective of this study was to assess the activation state of monocytes from pregnant women with preeclampsia by endogenous expression of TLR2 e TLR4 receptors and to correlate the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on monocytes surface of pregnant women with PE with the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by these cells stimulated or not with peptidoglycan (PG) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as agonists agents of TLR2 and TLR4, respectively. We evaluated 15 pregnant women with PE, 15 normotensive pregnant women (NT) and 15 non-pregnant (NP). Peripheral blood monocytes were incubates in the presence or absence of LPS or PG. The supernatant obtained after 18h of culture was aspirated and used for TNF- and IL-10 determination by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The endogenous expression of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors was evaluated by flow cytometry. Our results showed significant highly concentrations of TNF- and TLR4 expression in monocytes of preeclamptic women when compared with NT and NP. Normal pregnant women presented higher levels of IL-10 in comparison with PE and NP groups. TLR2 expression was similar in the three groups studied. Therefore, our study highlights the important role of TLR4 in PE and the consequent high production of TNF- by monocytes of these patients, as well as the potential mechanism involving low levels of IL-10 in the pathophysiology of the disease. These observations demonstrate the strong link between the pathology of PE and the immune system of these patients

Indicações da artroscopia em equinos

One of the main causes of incapacity in athletes, be they human or equines, is the occurrence of intra-articular lesions. The equines are each time more required in his athletic performance, resulting in intense stress to the structures that composes the locomotor device. The leading cause of human and equine athlete’s functional incapacity is the intra-articular disorders. One of the greatest advances in sports medicine was the development of arthroscopy as a minimal invasive intra-articular surgery. The defining characteristic of diagnostic or surgical arthroscopy is featured by minimal tissue damage and broad inspection of internal structures inside the joint associated with low morbidity and complications. The advantages of surgical arthroscopy over traditional surgery are well known: limited hospitalization, early return to competition, lower risks of post-operative joint rigidity, magnification of inspected structures, joint lavage associated or not with removal of potentially dangerous substances. Arthroscopy cannot replace conventional methods and must not do so; however, the intrinsic limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques, such as radiology and synovial fluid analysis, must be kept in mind, particularly in evaluating damage to cartilage and the synovial membrane. Arthroscopy has now become the accepted method of performing all joint surgery, however it is mainly used for radical surgery, such as osteochondral fragment removal, surgical curettage and arthroplasty

Cetoacidose diabética em pequenos animais

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in small animals (SILVA, 2006). It is an acute metabolic disorder, potentially fatal, both in humans and in dogs and cats with DM (BRUYETTE, 1997), being related, mostly, to insulin-dependent diabetics (CHASTAIN, 1981; HUME et al., 2006). DKA is a medical emergency characterized by extreme metabolic abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, ketonemia, dehydration and electrolyte loss (MACINTIRE, 2006) and its diagnosis may be established basically by the detection of ketonuria and metabolic acidosis (NELSON, 2009). The primary purposes of the treatment of DKA are intravascular volume restoration, dehydration, acid-base and electrolyte’s imbalances correction and blood glucose concentration reduction (BOYSEN, 2008). The treatment’s success depends of the clinical status at the time of diagnosis and of the introduction of an appropriate therapy to the conditions of each patient (CHASTAIN, 1981)

O pós-operatório de cesariana em vacas

The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of cesarean sections in cows, furthermore establish the effects of this surgery with subsequent complications, such as mortality, reproductive performance and milk yield, leading owner economical falls. One case report is included on the discussion

Programação linear no planejamento do tratamento de câncer por radiocirurgia

Medical Physics has been reaching an important role among several lines in Science, providing means for the improvement of several theories and procedures. Currently, its main application is related with the use of ionizing radiations, specially, in treatment procedures such as Radiotherapy. Radiosurgery is a Radiotherapy technique which consists in administering a single tumoricidal dose of radiation exclusively to the tumorous lesion. It becomes then an interesting alternative to surgical treatment, mainly in cerebral metastases, which are the most frequent cerebral tumors in the central nervous system. The radio neurosurgical team works out a planning for the Radiosurgery treatment, aiming for obtaining an appropriate ideal treatment for each case. For the working out of this treatment planning, Computed Tomography images of the region to be treated are obtained, digitalized and later, fused with nuclear magnetic resonance images. Through these images, critical structures, organs at risk and lesions are localized. After this, calculations are made to determine three-dimensional positions of isocenters, isodose curves, prescribed dose, collimators sizes, position, numbers and respective weight of isocentric conformal fields, and others. The treatment planning is commonly based in desired levels of dose for specific types of tumors and organs at risk concerning the irradiated region. Theses levels of dose are chosen in a way that a high probability of cure may be achieved and meanwhile, that the probability of complications, in whichever organ at risk, may be minimal. Thus, many researches have been carried out, showing that mathematical techniques may help to obtain an optimal planning for the treatment of cerebral metastases. Among the methods of optimization in the study...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Principais aspectos cirúrgicos da urolitíase em cães

Urolithiasis occurs with relatively frequency among the diseases that affect the urinary tract of dogs. It`s fundamental that samples of the uroliths are sent for analysis, because, in agreement with the mineral composition of the urolith and also its location, the choice is made between the surgical treatment or the clinical dissolution. Cystotomy is the surgical technique more accomplished in the bladder of small animals, due to its simplicity, when in comparison with other procedures for removal of calculi. With the aid of lithotripsy and endoscopy, the surgical interventions in the urinary treatment tend to be less and less invasive, minimizing the risks of subsequent complications. Chances of recurrence of the urolithiasis are usually larger in patients submitted to the surgical intervention. Besides, the time elapsed among regressive episodes is larger after the clinical dissolution

Vaginose Bacteriana: Identificação e quantificação de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp e Megasphaera sp

A vaginose bacteriana (VB) é a alteração de flora vaginal mais freqüente em mulheres em idade fértil e se caracteriza pela substituição dos lactobacilos por outras espécies bacterianas. Inúmeras complicações ginecológicas e obstétricas estão associadas à VB, como a doença inflamatória pélvica, o aumento da vulnerabilidade à aquisição do HIV, a corioamnionite clínica e histológica e o baixo peso ao nascimento. Estudos recentes demonstraram que várias espécies até então raramente ou nunca isoladas em laboratório são associadas à VB. O Objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a freqüência de isolamento de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp. em gestantes com vaginose bacteriana. Foi realizado um estudo de corte transversal prospectivo. Foram incluídas no estudo 88 gestantes com diagnóstico de VB, atendidas no Centro de Saúde Escola da UNESP no período de janeiro a setembro de 2010. Durante o exame especular e utilizando-se zaragatoas estéreis, foram coletadas amostras da parede vaginal para a confecção dos esfregaços vaginais em lâminas. O exame a fresco foi utilizado para o diagnóstico de vaginite aeróbia, de acordo com os critérios descritos por Donders et al. (2002). Os esfregaços vaginais corados pelo método de Gram, foram utilizados para o diagnóstico de flora normal, intermediária e VB de acordo com os critérios de Nugent et al. (1991). Em seguida, 5 mL de solução fisiológica foi injetada com seringa estéril na parede vaginal posterior, e após homogeneização dessa solução com o auxílio de espátula, o conteúdo foi coletado. Os lavados vaginais coletados foram centrifugados e os pellets armazenados para posterior detecção de Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia sp. e Megasphaera sp. pela técnica de PCR em tempo real. Do total das 88 amostras de VB, 46 (52,3%) foram positivas para os 3 microrganismos pesquisados e apenas ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônicos abaixo)

Ciclo PDCA e ferramentas da qualidade em operações e serviços de e-commerce

The market has forced companies to maintain high levels of control over their processes , ensuring a product or service quality to its customers . This study comes in the issuance and registration carried out in a company of e-commerce , which is showing problems with the values of weights and dimensions used in the cases cited . The need to eliminate wasteful spending freight caused by shipment of products weighing more than the reality, and to increase the reliability of the information used in the management of processes led to the planning of this project . This work focuses on the development of a PDCA cycle to work in the identification and correction of the causes of the problem , in order to neutralize the current complications and ensure that the problem does not appear again. To aid the mapping of the processes involved , identifying the causes of the problem and implementation of the proposed improvements were used quality tools such as flowcharts , Ishikawa diagrams , Pareto diagrams , and applied statistics

Detecção de indivíduos portadores e capacitação de profissionais em cuidados básicos na anemia falciforme

O Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal (PNTN), popularmente conhecido como “Teste do Pezinho”, é responsável pelo rastreamento das seguintes doenças nos recém-nascidos brasileiros: Fenilcetonúria, Hipotiroidismo Congênito, Doenças Falciformes e demais Hemoglobinopatias, e Fibrose Cística. Seu objetivo é o diagnóstico precoce dessas doenças congênitas em fase assintomática, buscando prevenir o aparecimento de sequelas neurológicas e outras complicações por meio do acompanhamento e tratamento adequados. O PNTN, além de realizar o diagnóstico pré-clínico de doenças que constituem problemas de saúde pública, gera informações que podem ser usadas em estudos epidemiológicos fundamentais para o planejamento de programas de saúde. Para que esse sistema seja completo, no entanto, é necessário haver o treinamento dos profissionais da saúde envolvidos no assunto, bem como a implantação de atividades educativas para estes e para o público em geral. Neste contexto, este estudo retrospectivo propõe investigar a relação de resultados alterados das doenças detectadas pelo PNTN entre os meses de abril e dezembro de 2009 e janeiro e dezembro de 2010 no município de Araraquara, verificar se as primeiras coletas de sangue estão sendo feitas segundo as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde e capacitar agentes comunitários da saúde nesse assunto. Foram analisados 4.116 resultados. Não houve diferença significativa entre as prevalências obtidas em 2009 e 2010, ou seja, as freqüências das patologias estudadas se mantiveram praticamente constantes ao longo dos dois períodos

Determinação de fatores angiogênicos e anti-angiogênicos em plasma de gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia precoce e tardia

Changes in circulating angiogenic factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Thus, evaluation of angiogenesis agonist and antagonist factors is of greater importance to understand the mechanisms responsible for this disorder. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether circulating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors may differentiate early-onset from late-onset preeclampsia. The study was conducted in 86 women with preeclampsia diagnosed in the third trimester of pregnancy. Preeclampsia was classified according to the onset of clinical manifestation in early-onset (before 34 weeks of gestation; n=31) or in late-onset (from 34 weeks of gestation on; n=55) preeclampsia. Serum was obtained from the patients in the moment of the diagnosis and assayed for placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble Endoglin (sEng) and soluble form of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFR-1) determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that early-onset preeclampsia was characterized by significant lower levels of PlGF (median 38.3 vs 123.5 pg/mL) and VEGF (median 23.1 vs 35.3 pg/mL) in serum as well as by higher serum levels of sEng (median 54.7 vs 42.1 pg/mL) and sVEGFR-1 (median 5211.0 vs 4657.6 pg/mL) compared with late-onset preeclampsia. In this study serum levels of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors prove useful in differentiating early-onset from late-onset preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, these findings suggest that angiogenic factors determination may indicate that early- and late-onset preeclampsia have different pathophysiology

Ocorrência de opacidade de cápsula posterior em cães pós-facoemulsificação, com ou sem a utilização de lente intraocular dobrável e efeitos do Nd: Yag Laser

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Avaliação da viabilidade de cateter epidural totalmente implantado em equídeos

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Influência da suplementação sobre estresse oxidativo e processo inflamatório renal de animais com sobrecarga nutricional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da pressão liquórica em pacientes obstétricas submetidas à anestesia subaracnoidea que apresentaram cefaleia pós-punção dural

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Resultado perinatal de gestantes submetidos à busca ativa de infecção genital

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB