鲤病毒病原的感染性测定

为查明养殖鲤(Cyprinus carpio)突然大批发病死亡的原因,对鲤病样品进行了细胞攻毒、空斑测定、电镜观察,以及鱼体感染等实验。先以患病鲤的组织匀浆液,经过滤后,分别接种到草鱼鳍条细胞(GCF)、鲤上皮瘤细胞(EPC)等14种培养细胞中。利用倒置显微镜观察显示,在1~2 d内,该病鱼组织匀浆液可使其中9种细胞出现典型的细胞病变。收集出现病变的细胞液(即病毒悬液),进一步进行病毒滴度检测、空斑测定和鱼体感染实验。结果显示,在GCF细胞上的病毒滴度为107.3TCID50/mL;在FHM,TSB和GC

微囊藻毒素LR诱导细胞毒性机制研究的细胞模型建立

以18种细胞系为材料,研究微囊藻毒素LR(20μg/mL和50μg/mL)所诱导的细胞毒性。形态观察表明,在经过30h以上的微囊藻毒素处理后,PC-3,J82,786-0,5637,VERO-E6等5种细胞出现了明显的细胞形态改变,毒素浓度越高,形态改变越厉害。微囊藻毒素LR的细胞毒性用LDH泄漏来表示。结果显示,5种毒素处理细胞的LDH泄漏呈剂量依赖性增加,其中5637和PC-3的LDH泄漏在同样的处理后较为厉害;同对照比较,SOD活力在20μg/mL MCLR处理下呈增加趋势,但在50μg/mL浓度下

长江中游浅水湖泊水生植物氮磷含量与水柱营养的关系

水生植物组织内氮和磷(N和P)含量受到水体营养状况和植物生长状况影响。对长江中游江汉湖群不同营养水平湖泊中大型水生植物的N和P含量3个季度的研究表明,在不同生活型水生植物中,沉水植物主要分布在中营养到中富营养湖泊中,在富营养湖泊均无分布,浮叶和挺水植物在不同营养类型湖泊的沿岸带均有分布。N和P含量以沉水植物最高,浮叶植物次之,挺水植物最低。水生植物的N和P含量都达到或超过生长所需最低N和P阈值,代表性浮叶植物和沉水植物的N和P含量随着湖泊营养水平提高呈现规律性变化。湖泊5种常见的水生植物N和P含量与水柱中

拥挤胁迫后鲫鱼血液皮质醇和溶菌酶水平的变化及对病原的敏感性

分别在拥挤胁迫后第3、10、20、30天对鲫鱼(Carassiusauratus)血液皮质醇水平和血液溶菌酶水平进行了检测,并在每次采集血样后用嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonashydrophila)进行人工感染以评估鱼体抵抗力。结果显示,血液皮质醇水平在胁迫后几天内显著升高(P<0.005),随后虽有所下降,但至第30天高密度组仍保持较高水平(216.32±11.91)ng/mL。实验初期,血液溶菌酶水平小幅升高,但经过长时间的拥挤后,高密度组血液溶菌酶活性受到极大抑制,显著低于同期对照组(P<0.01)

近十年中国地木耳研究概况

中国科学院知识创新工程项目资助 ( 2 2 0 3 16); 国家自然科学基金项目资助 ( 3 0 0 70 15 4)

Aerodynamic effects in ink-jet printing on a moving web

The airflow between the fast-moving substrate and stationary print heads in a web print press may cause print quality issues in high-speed, roll-to-roll printing applications. We have studied the interactions between ink drops and the airflow in the gap between the printhead and substrate, by using an experimental flow channel and high-speed imaging. The results show: 1) the gap airflow is well approximated by a standard Couette flow profile; 2) the effect of gap airflow on the flight paths of main drops and satellites is negligible; and 3) the interaction between the gap airflow and the wakes from the printed ink drops should be investigated as the primary source of aerodynamically- related print quality issues. ©2012 Society for Imaging Science and Technology.

鄱阳湖渔业资源现状及其环境监测

1 997— 1 999年对鄱阳湖区渔业资源与环境进行了动态监测 ,统计渔获物 2 778kg,生物学测定 1 62 7尾 ,采集到鱼类 1 2 2种 ,隶属于 1 2目 2 1科 77属 ,其中鲤科鱼类种类最多 ,计 65种 ,占 5 3.3%。湖区渔获物个体偏小 ,以 1— 2龄鱼为主 ,鲤、鲫基本上是当年鱼。鄱阳湖现有鲤、鲫产卵场 33处 ,主要分布在湖区东、南、西部 ,年均有效产卵面积 61 6.66km2 ,年均产卵量5 6.85亿。鄱阳湖区湖口、蛤蟆石、星子、康山水域湖水的pH、COD、Cr+

转基因红鲤体细胞的核移植(英文)

以F4代转hGH基因红鲤体细胞 (肾脏和尾鳍 )及培养 18代的F4代转hGH基因红鲤尾鳍细胞为核供体 ,泥鳅或黄河鲤成熟卵为受体 ,进行了核移植 ,以探讨外源F4代转基因鱼体外源基因的分布与存在形式、稳定性和克隆转基因鱼的可能性。F4代红鲤肾脏细胞核与泥鳅卵配合的核移植胚胎有 12 4 %发育到囊胚 ,0 33%发育到神经胚 ;F4代尾鳍细胞核移入泥鳅卵后的重组胚发育到囊胚、神经胚、肌节期和肌肉效应期的胚胎分别为 2 4 5 %、0 3%、0 2 %和 0 1% ;对照卵无发育。F4代红鲤尾鳍培养细胞与

池养雄性白鱀豚性自慰行为与血清睾酮浓度之间的关系

自 1996年 3月至 1998年 12月 ,作者采用放射免疫分析法每月 1次测定雄性白豚 (Lipotesvexillifer)“淇淇”血清睾酮浓度。春季每天 1次 ,其它季节每三天 1次 ,每次 1h ,用目标动物取样法观察“淇淇”的行为。结果发现 ,性自慰 (腹面贴池壁、伸出阴茎 )行为的发生频率和血清睾酮激素水平都有周期性变化 ,春季为高峰期 ,秋季有 1个小峰 ,性自慰行为与血清睾酮激素浓度两者的周期较为一致。从性自慰行为和血清睾酮激素水平季节变化 ,推测出“淇淇”性腺活动的周期性变化 ,活动

大珠母贝基因转移的电击参数

将大珠母贝精子经不同脉冲循环数、脉冲数和不同脉冲幅度处理后，与卵子受精，然后观察受精和发育情况并进行统计分析，根据受精率确定最佳参数组合为：脉冲循环数 ６、脉冲数 ２８和脉冲幅度 ６ｋＶ。此前用电击参数为脉冲循环数６、脉冲数２７和脉冲幅度 １０ｋＶ进行了大珠母贝转基因实验，获得转基因阳性贝。

保安湖—湖湾大型水生植物群落格局的研究

用地质统计学中的半方差和双对数半方差图对保安湖—湖湾(黄风口)的大型水生植物群落格局进行了研究，在不同的尺度上对群落及其主要组成种类的空间异质性进行了定量的描述。结果表明：保安湖黄风口大型水生植物群落的双对数半方差图存在线性区域，群落具有分形特征(自相似性)。在不同的尺度下，群落和各组成种类空间格局具有不同的分形维数值，异质性程度存在差异。但其异质性程度不高，建议进行群落调查时，样方尺度应取520m；单一种群调查时的样方尺度取380m。

瓦氏黄颡鱼年龄与生长的研究

根据在长江中游嘉鱼至新滩口江段采集的瓦氏黄颡鱼标本,对其年龄与生长进行了研究。以脊椎骨为年龄鉴定材料,胸鳍棘和耳石作为对照材料。透射光下,脊椎骨上较宽的暗带和较窄的亮带相间排列成同心圆环,一个暗带和一个亮带构成一个年轮。2—7月形成新年轮,脊椎骨上不存在幼轮。雌、雄鱼的脊椎骨半径与体长呈显著的正相关,回归方程分别为:L_♀=6.95+131.46R-10.12R~2,L_♂=18.06+113.64R-1.70R~2。体长与体重的关系方程分别为:W_♀=1.85×10~(-5)L~(2.98),W_♂=1

Physiological Responses of Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 to Nonanoic Acid Stress

A recent study has shown that nonanoic acid (NA) is one of the strongest allelochemicals to a cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, but the physiological responses of M. aeruginosa to NA stress remain unknown. In this study, physiological characters such as the growth rate, photosynthetic processes, phosphorus and nitrogen uptake kinetics, and the contents of intracellular microcystin of M. aeruginosa PCC7806 were studied under the NA stress. The results showed that the growth rates of M. aeruginosa PCC 7806 were significantly inhibited in all NA stress treatments during first 3 days after exposure, and the growth rate was recovered after 5-day exposure. After 2-day exposure, the contents of both phycocyanin and allophycocyanin per cell decreased at NA concentration of 4 mg L-1, and oxygen evolution was inhibited even at the concentration of 0.5 mg L-1, but carotenoid content per cell was slightly boosted in NA stress. Physiological recovery of M. aeruginosa PCC7806 was observed after 7-day exposure to NA. It was shown that NA stress had no effect on uptake of nitrogen, but could stimulate the uptake of phosphorus. The contents of intracellular microcystin have not been affected in all NA treatments in contrast with the control. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 24: 610-617, 2009.

Forecasting Daily Chlorophyll a Concentration during the Spring Phytoplankton Bloom Period in Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorges Reservoir by Means of a Recurrent Artificial Neural Network

A recurrent artificial neural network was used for 0-and 7-days-ahead forecasting of daily spring phytoplankton bloom dynamics in Xiangxi Bay of Three-Gorges Reservoir with meteorological, hydrological, and limnological parameters as input variables. Daily data from the depth of 0.5 m was used to train the model, and data from the depth of 2.0 m was used to validate the calibrated model. The trained model achieved reasonable accuracy in predicting the daily dynamics of chlorophyll a both in 0-and 7-days-ahead forecasting. In 0-day-ahead forecasting, the R-2 values of observed and predicted data were 0.85 for training and 0.89 for validating. In 7-days-ahead forecasting, the R-2 values of training and validating were 0.68 and 0.66, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that most ecological relationships between chlorophyll a and input environmental variables in 0-and 7-days-ahead models were reasonable. In the 0-day model, Secchi depth, water temperature, and dissolved silicate were the most important factors influencing the daily dynamics of chlorophyll a. And in 7-days-ahead predicting model, chlorophyll a was sensitive to most environmental variables except water level, DO, and NH3N.