Iowa Lottery Action, February 6-9, 2006, Vol. 13, no. 3

Iowa Lottery newsletter for retailers

6,5 · 10-9

Segons l’Institut Nacional d’Estadística, cada espanyol es gasta una mitjana de208 euros a l’any en loteries. L’objectiu principal és guanyar el primer premi, peròsaben realment quina probabilitat tenen d’aconseguir-ho?L’objectiu principal del treball és estudiar el funcionament, les probabilitats i lespreferències dels individus pel que fa a les loteries. Donat que és un sector molt ampli icomplex hem decidit centrar-nos en aquelles que tenen una major acceptació.Les loteries no només son un tema d’interès general sinó que ens han permès aprofundiren els coneixements estadístics adquirits a les assignatures de Probabilitat, Estadística iDecisió i Competència Estratègica.L’anàlisi del treball es centrarà en el càlcul de les probabilitats. Els ingressos de l’Estatprovinents dels impostos sobre la comercialització i sobre els beneficis generats per laloteria també es veuran reflectits en l’estudi. A més analitzarem les preferències de lapoblació a l’hora de jugar a la loteria mitjançant la realització d’enquestes. Després decomparar els resultats obtinguts en les enquestes amb les probabilitats calculadesinicialment, realitzarem una simulació que ens permetrà aprofundir més en el tema.El càlcul de les probabilitats de guanyar en cada joc no estan reflectits en cap documentoficial. Aquest fet resulta paradoxal ja que els càlculs no tenen una gran complicació,aleshores, per què no son públics? Segurament perquè el coneixement d’aquestes dadesfaria que la gent deixes de jugar, amb el que els extensos ingressos procedents de lacomercialització de loteries, disminuiria considerablement.

Iowa Department of Elder Affairs Legislative Update, February 11, 2005, Vol. 1, no. 6

Iowa Department of Elder Affairs provides a brief summation of a Departmental program or other important Departmental information in each Legislative Update. The Legislative Update is produced for informational and educational purposes only.

Iowa Department of Elder Affairs Legislative Update with Attachments, February 17, 2006, Vol. 2, no. 6

Iowa Department of Elder Affairs provides a brief summation of a Departmental program or other important Departmental information in each Legislative Update. The Legislative Update is produced for informational and educational purposes only.

A non-interventional phase IV Belgian survey to assess the antiviral effectiveness of pegylated interferon-alpha-2b and ribavirin treatment according to the stage of liver fibrosis in previously untreated patients with genotype 1/4/5/6 chronic hepatitis C (PRACTICE).

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This was an observational, non-interventional, multicenter, phase IV study, in patients with genotype 1/4/5/6 chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The primary objectives were to evaluate SVR in patients with no or minimal fibrosis (METAVIR F0-F1) versus well established fibrosis (F2-F4), and to estimate response on Weeks 12, 24 and 48 on treatment in previously untreated patients with genotypes 1/4/5/6 CHC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 538 patients treated with pegylated interferon alfa 2b 1.5 mcg/kg in combination with ribavirin 800-1200 mg/day were enrolled in 55 sites in Belgium and Luxembourg, 505 being considered for the analysis. 40% of the patients were female and 60% male, the average age was 47.5 years, 10.5% were 65 or older. RESULTS: SVR was observed in 35% of the patients, EVR in 68%, of which pEVR in 33% and cEVR in 35%. SVR was observed in 43% of the low fibrosis group (F0, F1) and 30% of the high fibrosis group (F2, F3, F4) (p = 0.005). SVR rates were 34% for genotype 1, 37% for genotype 4, and 47% for genotype 5 (NS). Multivariate analysis showed that EVR and baseline METAVIR score are independent prognostic factors for SVR. CONCLUSIONS: This trial confirms that fibrosis stage and early viral response are the most important key-factors to predict sustained response, suggesting that the earlier patients are treated, the better the outcome. Non-invasive techniques enable us to closely monitor progression of fibrosis, allowing a better selection of patients for antiviral treatment in the DAA-era.

Iowa Lottery Action, March 20-April 2, Vol. 13, no. 6

Iowa Lottery newsletter for retailers

Iowa Lottery Action, March 6-19, 2006, vol. 13, no. 5

Iowa Lottery newsletter for Lottery retailers.

Executive Order Number Twelve, September 6, 1984

To establish the iowa Literacy council.

5-6-vuotiaan lapsen leikkauksen jälkeinen kipukokemus

Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kuvata 5-6-vuotiaan lapsen leikkauksen jälkeistä kipukokemusta lapsen itsensä kertomana. Opinnäytetyömme kuuluu Helsingin ammattikorkeakoulun, HUS-piirin Lasten ja nuorten sairaalan ja Turun yliopiston yhteistyöprojektiin. Hankkeen tavoitteena on taiteen ja koulutuksen keinoin kehittää lasten kivun hoitotyötä. Tiedonkeruu toteutettiin Lasten ja nuorten sairaalan kahdella eri kirurgisella osastolla keväällä 2005. Aineisto (n=11) kerättiin puolistrukturoidulla teemahaastattelulla. Teemahaastattelussa käytettiin sairaala-aiheista kuvamateriaalia. Haastattelut nauhoitettiin, litteroitiin ja analysoitiin induktiivisella sisällönanalyysillä. Tulosten mukaan lasten leikkauksen jälkeinen kipu liittyi kipupaikkaan, liikkumiseen ja pistämiseen. Lapset kuvasivat leikkauksen jälkeistä kivuntunnetta voimakkaasti epämiellyttävänä, jännityksenä, pelkona, puristavana ja nipistävänä. Tuloksissa kävi ilmi, että lapset eivät aina osanneet kuvata kivuntunnetta tai kuvasivat sitä kivun voimakkuutta ilmaisevilla sanoilla. Leikkauksen jälkeistä kivun voimakkuutta kuvattiin monella erilaisella kivun määrää kuvaavalla sanalla. Kivun voimakkuus oli kovaa, kohtalaista tai lievää kipua. Kipua ilmaistiin esimerkiksi sanoilla kovasti, tosi paljon, aika kipee, jonkun verran, vähäsen ja pikkasen. Opinnäytetyömme tulokset yhdessä hankkeen muiden töiden kanssa tuottivat tietoa lapsen pelon ja kivun kokemuksista. Hoitotyössä tarvitaan tutkittua tietoa lapsen kokemuksesta, jotta osataan paremmin ymmärtää, huomioida ja hoitaa lapsen kipua kokonaisvaltaisesti.

Executive Order Number Forty One, November 6, 1990

Empowers the Governor to accept retrocession of Federal jurisdiction if offered by appropriate federal authorities.

Smoked cannabis and doping control: looking for the wrong target analyte?

Introduction: Since 2004, cannabis is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) for all sports in competition. In the years since then, about half of all positive doping cases in Switzerland have been related to cannabis consumption. In most cases, the athletes plausibly claim to have consumed cannabis several days or even weeks before competition and only for recreational purposes not related to competition. In doping analysis, the target analyte in urine samples is 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol- 9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH), the reporting threshold for laboratories is 15 ng/mL. However, the wide detection window of this long-term THC metabolite in urine does not allow a conclusion concerning the time of consumption or the impact on the physical performance. Aim: The purpose of the present pharmacokinetic study on volunteers was to evaluate target analytes with shorter urinary excretion time. Subsequently, urines from athletes tested positive for cannabis should be reanalyzed including these analytes. Methods: In an one-session clinical trial (approved by IRB, Swissmedic, and Federal Office of Public Health), 12 healthy, male volunteers (age 26 ± 3 yrs, BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m2) with cannabis experience (> once/month) smoked a Cannabis cigarette standardized to 70 mg THC/cigarette (Bedrobinol® 7%, Dutch Office for Medicinal Cannabis) following a paced-puffing procedure. Plasma and urine was collected up to 8 h and 11 days, respectively. Total THC, 11-hydroxy-THC (THC-OH), and THC-COOH were determined after enzymatic hydrolyzation followed by SPE and GC/MS-SIM. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for all analytes was 0.1 ng/mL. Visual analog scales (VAS) and vital functions were used for monitoring psychological and somatic side-effects at every timepoint of specimen collection (up to 480 min). Results: Eight puffs delivered a mean THC dose of 45 mg. Mean plasma levels of total THC, THC-OH and THC-COOH were measured in the range of 0.1-20.9, 0.1-1.8, and 1.8-7.5 ng/mL, respectively. Peak concentrations were observed at 5, 10, and 90 min. Mean urine levels were measured in the range of 0.1-0.7, 0.10-6.2, and 0.1-13.4 ng/mL, respectively. The detection windows were 2-8, 2-96, and 2-120 h. No or only mild effects were observed, such as dry mouth, sedation, and tachycardia. Besides high to very high THC-COOH levels (0-978 ng/mL), THC (0.1-24 ng/mL) and THC-OH (1-234 ng/mL) were found in 90 and 96% of the cannabis-positive urines from athletes. Conclusion: Instead of or in addition to THC-COOH, the pharmacologically active THC and THC-OH should be the target analytes for doping urine analysis. This would allow the estimation of more recent Cannabis consumption, probably influencing performance during competition. Keywords: cannabis, doping, clinical trial, plasma and urine levels, athlete's samples

LA PAIX FAICTE A || CHAMBRAY en || tre lempereur || [et] le tres crestiẽ || Roy de france auec || leurs aliez. — [A la fin :] ¶ Imprime a paris pour philipot le cocq li- || brayre demourãt a chãbray en la rue taueau. S. d. [1508], in-4 goth. de 10 f., dont la page la plus pleine contient 36 lignes, sign. a par 6, b par 4, mar. v., fil., comp., dos orné, tr. dor. (Petit, successeur de Simier.)

Ladam (Nicaise). La Paix faicte a Chambray (1508)