Stock assessment and fishery management of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis Latreille, 1970 and F. paulensis Pérez-Farfante, 1967 in Southeastern Brazil (23° to 28° S)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Distribution of 45S and 5S rDNA sites in 23 species of Eleocharis (Cyperaceae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fully relativistic calculations on the potential energy surfaces of the lowest 23 states of molecular chlorine

The electronic structure and spectroscopic properties (R(e), omega(e), omega(e)x(e), beta(e), and T(e)) of the ground state and the 22 lowest excited states of chlorine molecule were studied within a four-component relativistic framework using the MOLFDIR program package. The potential energy curves of all possible 23 covalent states were calculated using relativistic complete open shell configuration interaction approach. In addition, four component multireference configuration interaction with single and double excitation calculations were performed in order to infer the effects due to dynamical correlation in vertical excitations. The calculated properties are in good agreement with the available experimental data.

Cytotoxic effects of current dental adhesive systems on immortalized odontoblast cell line MDPC-23

Objectives: Evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the three dental adhesive systems. Methods: The immortalized mouse odontoblast cell line (MDPC-23) was plated (30,000 cell/cm 2) in 24 well dishes, allowed to grow for 72 h, and counted under inverted light microscopy. Uncured fresh adhesives were added to culture medium to simulate effects of unset adhesive. Three adhesives systems were applied for 120 min to cells in six wells for each group: Group 1) Single Bond (3M), Group 2) Prime & Bond 2.1 (Dentsply), and Group 3) Syntac Sprint (Vivadent). In the control group, PBS was added to fresh medium. The cell number was counted again and the cell morphology was assessed under SEM. In addition, the adhesive systems were applied to circles of filter paper, light-cured for 20 s, and placed in the bottom of 24 wells (six wells for each experimental materials and control group). MDPC-23 cells were plated (30,000 cell/cm 2) in the wells and allowed to incubate for 72 h. The zone of inhibition around the filter papers was measured under inverted light microscopy; cell morphology was evaluated under SEM; and the MTT assay was performed for mitochondrial respiration. Results: The fresh adhesives exhibited more toxic (cytopathic effects) to MDPC-23 cells than polymerized adhesives on filter papers, and as compared to the control group. The cytopathic effect of the adhesive systems occurred in the inhibition zone around the filter papers, which was confirmed by the MTT assay and statistical analysis (ANOVA) combined with Fisher's PLSD test. In the control group, MDPC-23 cells were dense on the plastic substrate and were in contact with the filter paper. In the experimental groups, when acid in the adhesive systems was removed by changing the culture medium, or when the adhesives were light-cured, some cells grew in the wells in spite of the persistent cytotoxic effect. Significance: All dentin adhesive systems were cytotoxic odontoblast-like cells. Both acidity and non-acidic components of these systems were responsible for the high cytopathic effect of those dental materials. © 1999 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cytotoxic effects of hard-setting cements applied on the odontoblast cell line MDPC-23

Objective: The present study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of hard setting applied on the odontoblastlike cells MDPC-23. Study design: Eighty round-shaped samples were prepared with the following experimental materials: calcium hydroxide, Vitrebond, RelyX Luting, and RelyX Unicem. The samples were placed in serum-free culture medium and incubated for 24 hours or 7 days at 37°C with 5% CO 2 and 95% air. The odontoblast cells were plated in the wells and incubated for 72 hours. After this period, the complete culture medium was replaced by the extracts obtained from every sample, and the methyltetrazolium assay was carried out to evaluate the cell metabolism. Results: For the 24-hour period, the experimental materials calcium hydroxide, Vitrebond, RelyX Luting, and RelyX Unicem decreased the cell metabolic activity by 91.52%, 81.14%, 78.17%, and 2.64%, respectively. For the 7-day period, calcium hydroxide, Vitrebond, RelyX Luting, and RelyX Unicem decreased the metabolic activity of the MDPC-23 cells by 91.13%, 87.27%, 79.04%, and 10.51%, respectively. Conclusion: RelyX Unicem presented the lowest cytopathic effects to the cultured odontoblast cell line. © 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Direct and indirect connections between cochlear root neurons and facial motor neurons: Pathways underlying the acoustic pinna reflex in the albino rat

Cochlear root neurons (CRNs) are involved in the acoustic startle reflex, which is widely used in behavioral models of sensorimotor integration. A short-latency component of this reflex, the auricular reflex, promotes pinna movements in response to unexpected loud sounds. However, the pathway involved in the auricular component of the startle reflex is not well understood. We hypothesized that the auricular reflex is mediated by direct and indirect inputs from CRNs to the motoneurons responsible for pinna movement, which are located in the medial subnucleus of the facial motor nucleus (Mot7). To assess whether there is a direct connection between CRNs and auricular motoneurons in the rat, two neuronal tracers were used in conjunction: biotinylated dextran amine, which was injected into the cochlear nerve root, and Fluoro-Gold, which was injected into the levator auris longus muscle. Under light microscopy, close appositions were observed between axon terminals of CRNs and auricular motoneurons. The presence of direct synaptic contact was confirmed at the ultrastructural level. To confirm the indirect connection, biotinylated dextran amine was injected into the auditory-responsive portion of the caudal pontine reticular nucleus, which receives direct input from CRNs. The results confirm that the caudal pontine reticular nucleus also targets the Mot7 and that its terminals are concentrated in the medial subnucleus. Therefore, it is likely that CRNs innervate auricular motoneurons both directly and indirectly, suggesting that these connections participate in the rapid auricular reflex that accompanies the acoustic startle reflex. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Acúmulo de macronutrientes por duas cultivares de cebola produzidas em sistema de semeadura direta

Economically, onion is the third more important vegetable in Brazil. As a consequence of the increasing by use of new hybrid varieties, the nutritional management of the crop needs to be adequately known. This research was carried out in São José do Rio Pardo, São Paulo State, Brazil, from March 7 to August 8, 2004. The objective was to quantify, under field conditions, the accumulation of macronutrients by onion cultivars established by direct sowing. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replicates. The cultivars studied were Optima and Superex. Samples were taken at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130 and 150 days after sowing. With population of 354,000 plants ha -1 and productivity estimated in 64.8 t ha -1, 'Optima' extracted on 150 days after sowing: 78.77, 13.04, 75.77, 59.09, 11.70 and 24.38 kg ha -1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, respectively, and 'Superex', for the same plant population, and productivity at 72 t ha -1, 64.68, 10.33, 68.28, 65.58, 13.03 and 24.74 kg ha -1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, respectively. The Optima hybrid exported through its bulb about 49.17% of N, 60.60% of P, 61.16% of K, 41.15% of Ca, 43.56% of Mg, and 47.18 of S, the equivalent to 38.73, 7.90, 46.34, 24.32, 5.10 and 11.51 kg ha -1, respectively. The Superex hybrid exported through its bulb about 44.29% of N, 55.85% of P, 62.54% of K, 35.71% of Ca, 31.82% of Mg, and 48.80% of S, the equivalent to 28.65, 5.77, 42.70, 23.42, 4.15, and 12.07 kg ha -1, respectively.

Obesidade e sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e desesperança em mulheres sedentárias e não sedentárias

The aim of this field study was to verify if there is a relation between obesity and symptoms of depression, anxiety and hopelessness in 40 women aged 30,35 on average (± 8,60), divided into two groups: non-sedentary ones, characterized for doing a physical activity at least three times a week for three weeks in a row and sedentary ones, characterized by not practicing any type of regular physical activity when recruited. The method consisted of: objective evaluations of humor, through Beck Inventories of Anxiety (BAI), Depression (BDI) and Hopelessness (BHS) and Physical Evaluation, including total body mass, height, waist and hip circumferences and skin folds thickness. Calculations of the body mass index (BMI), of the waist/hip index (WHI) and of the percentage of corporal fat (%F) were performed in order to evaluate the presence and level of obesity. Results of the analysis of regression to square minimum supported the initial hypothesis concerning the existence of a relation between obesity and psychic symptoms only in sedentary women (BDI/WHI, p=0,035, BDI/BMI, p=0,009, BDI/%G, p=0,019, BAI/BMI, p=0,009, BAI/%G, p=0,037, BHS/WHI, p=0,025, BHS/BMI, p=0,041), once the relation of dependency could not be confirmed in non-sedentary women BDI/WHI, p=0,750, BDI/BMI, p=0,141, BDI/%G, p=0,064, BAI/WHI, p=0,729, BAI/BMI, p=0,384, BAI/%G, p=0,246, BHS/WHI, p=0,491, BHS/BMI, p=0,986, BHS/%G, p=0,322) and the greater the level of obesity, the greater the level of psychic symptoms in both groups. These observations seem to point out that the practice of physical activities was a factor of minimization of presence and intensity of psychic symptoms in non-sedentary women.

Efeito de métodos de determinação de parâmetros para o controle da irrigação na eficência do uso da água do feijoeiro, sob três diferentes lâminas de água no solo

The objective of this research was to study three methods of parameter determination for irrigation control under different tensions in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The treatments were a combination of three methods of parameter determination for irrigation control (tensiometer, water retention curve, USWB Class A pan) with three soil water tensions (1:-30 kPa; 2:-60, kPa both for the whole plant cycle; 3:-60 kPa for the vegetative phase and -30 kPa for the reproductive phase). The experimental design was randomized blocks, factorial 32 with three replicates. Although no significant effect on water use efficiency was found, a tendency for increasing water use efficiency in treatments with tensions of -60 kPa at the vegetative phase and -30 kPa at the reproductive phase was observed in all methods of parameter determination for irrigation control. Water was saved as less irrigation was applied during the vegetative phase and more irrigation at the reproductive phase. No precipitation was observed from June to September 1995, leading to a high yield and therefore to a higher water use efficiency.

Contexto tectônico dos granitóides neoproterozóicos da faixa de dobramentos paraguai, MS e MT

The Neoproterozoic Granitic Province from the southeast of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul region is constituted by seven distinctive granitic bodies, emplaced in the epimetamorphic rocks of the Cuiabá Group and related to the evolution of Paraguai Folded Belt. The Northern portion crops out in Mato Grosso State and is constituted by São Vicente, Araguaiana and Lajinha batholiths; the Southern portion crops out in the Mato Grosso do Sul State and is represented the Sonora, Coxim Rio Negro and Taboco massifs. The structural evolution is evidenced by the presence of three deformational phases, the first one is characterized by axial planar foliation (S 1), parallel or sub parallel to S 0, with attitude N60E/70NW; the second constitutes the most important phase for the tectonic arrangement and is defined by a slaty and/or crenulation cleavages (S 2), with attitude N10W/30SW and contact metamorphism associated to the emplacement of granitic bodies, the third phase is characterized by a weak retrometamorphic cleavage (S 3) with attitude N10E/ 80NW, that evolves local and gradually to strike-slip shear zones. The geological data suggest that this province was formed syn- to post tectonic to the D2 deformational set associated to the end of the collisional event in the Southeastern of the Amazonian Craton.

Highlights from the I international symposium of thrombosis and anticoagulation in internal medicine, October 23-25, 2008, Sao Paulo, Brazil

The importance of thrombosis and anticoagulation in clinical practice is rooted firmly in several fundamental constructs that can be applied both broadly and globally. Awareness and the appropriate use of anticoagulant therapy remain the keys to prevention and treatment. However, to assure maximal efficacy and safety, the clinician must, according to the available evidence, choose the right drug, at the right dose, for the right patient, under the right indication, and for the right duration of time. The first International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation in Internal Medicine was a scientific program developed by clinicians for clinicians. The primary objective of the meeting was to educate, motivate and inspire internists, cardiologists and hematologists by convening national and international visionaries, thought-leaders and dedicated clinician-scientists in Sao Paulo, Brazil. This article is a focused summary of the symposium proceedings. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.

Fabrication and characterization of GeO2-PbO optical waveguides

This work presents studies of GeO2-PbO thin films deposited by RF Sputtering for fabrication of rib-waveguide. GeO2-PbO vitreous targets were prepared melting the reagents in alumina crucible. Thin films were deposited at room temperature using pure Ar plasma, at 5 mTorr pressure and RF power of 40 W on substrates of (100) silicon wafers. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) analyses were employed for the determination of the chemical elements present in the GeO2-PbO film. Geometry and sidewall of the waveguides were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The mode propagation in the waveguide structure of GeO2-PbO thin films was analyzed using an integrated optic simulation software to obtain a monomode propagation. © The Electrochemical Society.

Cytotoxic effects of white-MTA and MTA-Bio cements on odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23)

This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of 2 mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cements - White-MTA-Angelus and a new formulation, MTA-Bio - on odontoblast-like cell (MDPC-23) cultures. Twenty-four disc-shaped (2 mm diameter x 2 mm thick) specimens were fabricated from each material and immersed individually in wells containing 1 mL of DMEM culture medium for either 24 h or 7 days to obtain extracts, giving rise to 4 groups of 12 specimens each: G1 - White-MTA/24 h; G2 - White-MTA/7 days; G3 - MTA-Bio/24 h; and G4 - MTA-Bio/7 days. Plain culture medium (DMEM) was used as a negative control (G5). Cells at 30,000 cells/cm 2 concentration were seeded in the wells of 24-well plates and incubated in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 and 95% air at 37°C for 72 h. After this period, the culture medium of each well was replaced by 1 mL of extract (or plain DMEM in the control group) and the cells were incubated for additional 2 h. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay and the data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Cell morphology and the surface of representative MTA specimens of each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between G1 and G2 or between G3 and G4. No significant difference (p>0.05) was found between the experimental and control groups either. Similar cell organization and morphology were observed in all groups, regardless of the storage periods. However, the number of cells observed in the experimental groups decreased compared to the control group. MTA-Bio presented irregular surface with more porosities than White-MTA. In conclusion, White-MTA and MTA-Bio presented low cytotoxic effects on odontoblast-like cell (MDPC-23) cultures.