1000 resultados para 340 Diritto
Resumo:
The RAD52 epistasis group was identified in yeast as a group of genes required to repair DNA damaged by ionizing radiation [1]. Genetic evidence indicates that Rad52 functions in Rad51-dependent and Rad51-independent recombination pathways [2] [3] [4]. Consistent with this, purified yeast and human Rad52 proteins have been shown to promote single-strand DNA annealing [5] [6] [7] and to stimulate Rad51-mediated homologous pairing [8] [9] [10] [11]. Electron microscopic examinations of the yeast [12] and human [13] Rad52 proteins have revealed their assembly into ring-like structures in vitro. Using both conventional transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), we found that the human Rad52 protein forms heptameric rings. A three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction revealed that the heptamer has a large central channel. Like the hexameric helicases such as Escherichia coli DnaB [14] [15], bacteriophage T7 gp4b [16] [17], simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen [18] and papilloma virus E1 [19], the Rad52 rings show a distinctly chiral arrangement of subunits. Thus, the structures formed by the hexameric helicases may be a more general property of other proteins involved in DNA metabolism, including those, such as Rad52, that do not bind and hydrolyze ATP.
Resumo:
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la tolerancia de la cachama blanca, Piaractus brachypomus, a cultivos en altas densidades en sistemas cerrados. Novecientos alevines de 44,3±26 g de peso, se distribuyeron en seis tanques de concreto, con 4,8 m³ de agua. Tres tanques presentaron cero recambio de agua (SCR), y en otros tres, el agua se hizo circular a través de un bioclarificador (SRA). Ambos tratamientos presentaron fuerte aireación para mantener los sólidos en suspensión y suministrar aire. Los peces se alimentaron a saciedad con pienso comercial por 192 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua como: oxígeno disuelto, amonio total, nitritos, nitratos, alcalinidad, dureza, temperatura y pH, se midieron semanalmente. Los peces en el SCR crecieron a una tasa de 2,34±0,05 g por día, y tuvieron conversión alimenticia de 1,5±0,06, densidad final de 12,96±0,53 kg m-3, y peso final de 449,5±99 g. En el SRA, los peces crecieron 2,33±0,03 g por día, con conversión alimenticia de 1,6±0,07, densidad final de 12,13±1,12 kg m-3, y peso final de 446,5±10 g. La cachama blanca puede ser cultivada en sistemas cerrados con cero recambio de agua en altas densidades.
Resumo:
The Iowa Department of Transportation used a high molecular weight methacrylate (HMWM) resin to seal a 3,340 ft. x 64 ft. bridge deck in October 1986. The sealing was necessary to prevent deicing salt brine from entering a substantial number of transverse cracks that coincided with the epoxy coated top steel and unprotected bottom steel. HMWM resin is a three component product composed of a monomer, a curnene hydroperoxide initiator and a cobalt naphthenate promoter. The HMWM was applied with a dual spray bar system and flat-fan nozzles. Initiated monomer delivered through one spray bar was mixed in the air with promoted monomer from the other spray bar. The application rate averaged 0.956 gallons per 100 square feet for the tined textured driving lanes. Dry sand was broadcast on the surface at an average coverage of 0.58 lbs. per square yard to maintain friction. Coring showed that the H.MWM resin penetrated the cracks more than two inches deep. Testing of the treated deck yielded Friction Numbers averaging 33 with a treaded tire compared to 36 prior to treatment. An inspection soon after treatment found five leaky cracks in one of the 15 spans. One inspection during a steady rain showed no leakage, but leakage from numerous cracks occurred during a subsequent rain. A second HMWM application was made on two spans to determine if a double application would prevent leakage. This evaluation has not been completed.
Resumo:
F. 1-48. Le Roman de Renart. Le manuscrit, qui a été doté du sigle O dans les différentes éditions, est incomplet de la fin et mixte, proposant une structure relativement inédite. Il a récemment fait l’objet d’une édition critique par Aurélie Barre : Édition critique et littéraire du manuscrit O du « Roman de Renart » ( f. fr. 12583), doctorat, Université Lyon III, 2005. F. 1a-14b. Branche I.F. 1a-7e. [Branche Ia : « Le jugement de Renart »]. « Pierres qui son enging et s’art / Mist es vers faire de Renart…-… Tant qu’il [re]fu en sa santé / Com il avoit devant esté ». – F. 7e-10b. [Branche Ib : « Le Siège de Maupertuis »]. « Messires Nobles l’empereres / Vint au chastel ou Renart ere …-… Et Renart ainsi s’en eschape, / Des or gart bien chascun sa chape ! ». – F. 10b-14b. [Branche Ic : « Renart teinturier, Renart jongleur »]. « Li rois a fait son ban crier, / Par tout plevir et afier …-… Puis fu Renart lonc tens en mue ; / Ne va, ne vient, ne se remue » (éd. Barre, p.117-233, v. 1-3217). . F. 14b-20bBranche II. F. 14b-20b. [Branche II : « Le duel judiciaire »]. « Messires Nobles li lions / O lui avoit toz ses barons …-… Et autre redirai aprés, / A itant de cestui vos lés » (éd. Barre, p. 235-289, v. 1-1522). F. 20b-25c. Branche III.F. 20b-22a. [Branche IIIa : « Renart et Chantecler »]. « Seignors, oï avez maint conte, / Que maint contierres vos aconte …-… Dou coc qui li est eschapez, / Quant il ne s’en est saoulez ». – F. 22a-22f. [Branche IIIb : « Renart et la mésange »]. « Que que cil se plaint et demente, / Atant es vos une mesenge …-… Assez a grant travail eü / de ce dont li est mescheü ». – F. 22f-23c. [Branche IIIc. « Renart et Tibert »]. « Que qu’il se plaint de s’aventure, / Qui li avient et pesme et dure …-… Tornez s’en est a mout grant paine …-… Si com aventure le maine ». – F. 23c-24e. [Branche IIId : « Renart et l’andouille »]. «Renart qui mout sot de treslüe, / Et qui mout ot grant fain eüe …-… Esfondree ert entr’eus la guerre, / Mes ne velt trive ne pes querre ». – F. 24e-25c. [Branche IIIe : « Tibert et les deux prêtres »]. « Thibert li chaz, dont je a dit, / Doute Renart assez petit …-… Qui touz nos a enfantosmez : / A paine en sui vis eschapez ! » (éd. Barre, p. 291-340, v. 1-1265). F. 25c-27d. Branche IV. F. 25c-26a. [Branche IVa : « Renart et Tiercelin »]. « Entre .II. mons, en une plangne / Tout droit au pié d’une montaigne …-… Fuiant s’en va les sauz menuz : / Ses anemis a confonduz ». – F. 26a-27d. [Branche IVb : « Le viol d’Hersent »]. « Cis plaiz fu ainsi deffinez / Et Renars s’est acheminez …-… Et est venuz a sa mesnie / Qui soz la roche est entasnie » (éd. Barre, p. 341-359, v. 1-524). F. 27d-29d. Branche V. [« Renart et les anguilles »]. « Seignors, ce fu en cest termine / Que li douz tens d’esté decline …-…Que de Renart se vengera / Ne jamés jor ne l’amera » (éd. Barre, p. 361-378, v. 1-514). F. 29d-31e. Branche VI. [« Le puits »]. « Prime covient tel chose dire / Dont je vos puisse faire rire …-… Et il le puet prandre en sa marge, / Sachiez qu’i li fera domage ! » (éd. Barre, p. 379-396, v. 1-537).. 31e-39c. Branche VII. F. 31e-32e. [Branche VIIa : « Le jambon enlevé »]. « [U]n jour issit hors de la lande / Isengrins por querre viande …-… .XV. jours va a grant baudour, / Onques Renars n’i fist sejour ». – F. 32c-32e. [Branche VIIb : « Renart et le grillon »]. « Renart s’en va tout son chemin. / Or veut (en) engignier Isengrin …-… Tornez s’en est grant aleüre / Et vet aillors querre droiture ». – F. 32e-36e. [Branche VIIc : « L’Escondit »]. « Atant s’apense d’une chose / Dont il sa fame sovent chose …-…Tant defoulé et tant batu / Qu’a Malpertuis l’ont enbatu ». – F. 36e-39c. [Branche VIId : « La confession de Renart »]. « Foux est qui croit sa male pense : / Mout remaint de ce que fox panse …-…L’escofle lor donne a mengier, / Qu’il en avoient grant mestier (éd. Barre, p. 397-470, v. 1-1960). F. 36c-48e. Branche VIII. [« Renart et Liétart »]. « Uns prestres de la Croiz en Brie, / Que Damediex doint bone vie …-… Ou au chiés ou a la parclose, / Qui n’est aüsés de la chose » (éd. Barre, p. 471-554, v. 1-2470). F. 48e. Branche IX (v. 1-86). [« Les Vêpres de Tibert »]. « Oiez une novele estoire / Qui bien doit estre en mémoire …-… Jel conterai a Hameline, / La foi et la reconnoissance… » (éd. Barre, p. 555-557, v. 1-85).
Resumo:
NHA2 was recently identified as a novel sodium/hydrogen exchanger which is strongly upregulated during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Previous in vitro studies suggested that NHA2 is a mitochondrial transporter required for osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Due to the lack of suitable antibodies, NHA2 was studied only on RNA level thus far. To define the protein's role in osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo, we generated NHA2-deficient mice and raised several specific NHA2 antibodies. By confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation studies, NHA2 was found to co-localize with the late endosomal and lysosomal marker LAMP1 and the V-ATPase a3 subunit, but not with mitochondrial markers. Immunofluorescence studies and surface biotinylation experiments further revealed that NHA2 was highly enriched in the plasma membrane of osteoclasts, localizing to the basolateral membrane of polarized osteoclasts. Despite strong upregulation of NHA2 during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, however, structural parameters of bone, quantified by high-resolution microcomputed tomography, were not different in NHA2-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates. In addition, in vitro RANKL stimulation of bone marrow cells isolated from wild-type and NHA2-deficient mice yielded no differences in osteoclast development and activity. Taken together, we show that NHA2 is a RANKL-induced plasmalemmal sodium/hydrogen exchanger in osteoclasts. However, our data from NHA2-deficient mice suggest that NHA2 is dispensable for osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo.
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Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum is a complex developmental disorder characterised mainly by anomalies of the ear, hemifacial microsomia, epibulbar dermoids and vertebral anomalies. The aetiology is largely unknown, and the epidemiological data are limited and inconsistent. We present the largest population-based epidemiological study to date, using data provided by the large network of congenital anomalies registries in Europe. The study population included infants diagnosed with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum during the 1990-2009 period from 34 registries active in 16 European countries. Of the 355 infants diagnosed with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, there were 95.8% (340/355) live born, 0.8% (3/355) fetal deaths, 3.4% (12/355) terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly and 1.5% (5/340) neonatal deaths. In 18.9%, there was prenatal detection of anomaly/anomalies associated with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, 69.7% were diagnosed at birth, 3.9% in the first week of life and 6.1% within 1 year of life. Microtia (88.8%), hemifacial microsomia (49.0%) and ear tags (44.4%) were the most frequent anomalies, followed by atresia/stenosis of external auditory canal (25.1%), diverse vertebral (24.3%) and eye (24.3%) anomalies. There was a high rate (69.5%) of associated anomalies of other organs/systems. The most common were congenital heart defects present in 27.8% of patients. The prevalence of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, defined as microtia/ear anomalies and at least one major characteristic anomaly, was 3.8 per 100,000 births. Twinning, assisted reproductive techniques and maternal pre-pregnancy diabetes were confirmed as risk factors. The high rate of different associated anomalies points to the need of performing an early ultrasound screening in all infants born with this disorder.
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The results of a coupled, in situ laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb study on zircon and geochemical characterization of the Eastern Cordilleran intrusives of Peru reveal 1.15 Ga of intermittent magmatism along central Western Amazonia, the Earth's oldest active open continental margin. The eastern Peruvian batholiths are volumetrically dominated by plutonism related to the assembly and breakup of Pangea during the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition. A Carboniferous-Permian (340-285 Ma) continental arc is identified along the regional orogenic strike from the Ecuadorian border (6 degrees S) to the inferred inboard extension of the Arequipa-Antofalla terrane in southern Peru (14 degrees S). Widespread crustal extension and thinning, which affected western Gondwana throughout the Permian and Triassic resulted in the intrusion of the late- to post-tectonic La Merced-San Ramon-type anatectites dated between 275 and 220 Ma, while the emplacement of the southern Cordillera de Carabaya peraluminous granitoids in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic (220-190 Ma) represents, temporally and regionally, a separate tectonomagmatic event likely related to resuturing of the Arequipa-Antofalla block. Volcano-plutonic complexes and stocks associated with the onset of the present Andean cycle define a compositionally bimodal alkaline suite and cluster between 180 and 170 Ma. A volumetrically minor intrusive pulse of Oligocene age (ca. 30 Ma) is detected near the southwestern Cordilleran border with the Altiplano. Both post-Gondwanide (30-170 Ma), and Precambrian plutonism (691-1123 Ma) are restricted to isolated occurrences spatially comprising less than 15% of the Eastern Cordillera intrusives. Only one remnant of a Late Ordovician intrusive belt is recognized in the Cuzco batholith (446.5 +/- 9.7 Ma) indicating that the Famatinian arc system previously identified in Peru along the north-central Eastern Cordillera and the coastal Arequipa-Antofalla terrane also existed inboard of this parautochthonous crustal fragment. Hitherto unknown occurrences of late Mesoproterozoic and middle Neoproterozoic granitoids from the south-central cordilleran segment define magmatic events at 691 +/- 13 Ma, 751 +/- 8 Ma, 985 +/- 14 Ma, and 1071-1123 +/- 23 Ma that are broadly coeval with the Braziliano and Grenville-Sunsas orogenies, respectively. Our data suggest the existence of a continuous orogenic belt in excess of 3500 km along Western Amazonia during the formation of Rodinia, its ``early'' fragmentation prior to 690 Ma, and support a model of reaccretion of the Paracas-Arequipa-Antofalla terrane to western Gondwana in the Early Ordovician with subsequent detachment of the Paracas segment in form of the Mexican Oaxaquia microcontinent in Middle Ordovician. A tectonomagmatic model involving slab detachment, followed by underplating of cratonic margin by asthenospheric mantle is proposed for the genesis of the volumetrically dominant Late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic Peruvian Cordilleran batholiths.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos e a tendência genética de características de crescimento e perímetro escrotal em animais da raça Brangus. Dados de 6.340 animais, criados em cinco propriedades nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro‑Oeste do Brasil, foram utilizados para avaliação de: perímetro escrotal (PE) ao sobreano e pesos ao nascer (PN), à desmama (P205), ao ano (P365) e ao sobreano (P550). Os componentes de covariância foram estimados por inferência bayesiana, sob modelo animal, com efeitos fixos de grupos de contemporâneos e de classe de idade da vaca ao parto, e efeitos aleatórios genético aditivo direto e residual. Os efeitos aleatórios genético materno e de ambiente permanente materno foram incluídos somente para PN e P205. O efeito linear da covariável idade do animal na mensuração foi considerado para todas as características analisadas, exceto PN. As médias observadas foram 33,6, 184,6, 235,9, 344,9 e 33,8 cm para PN, P205, P365, P550 e PE, respectivamente, e as tendências genéticas foram de ‑0,001, 0,107, 0,177, 0,217 kg por ano e 0,001 cm por ano. As estimativas das herdabilidades direta e materna variaram de 0,16 (PN) a 0,61 (PE) e de 0,08 (PN) a 0,09 (P205), indicativas de que as características avaliadas são passíveis de seleção para o melhoramento genético da raça Brangus.
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Abbaye Saint-Maur-des-Fossés ; cf. B. de Montfaucon, Bibliotheca bibliothecarum, II, 1739, p. 1141-1143 : "57. 1080. Expositiones SS. Patrum in Evangelia". Ex-libris : F. 64v : « Liber Sancti Benedicti » (IXe s.). — F. 1 : « Ex-libris monasterii Sancti Germani a Pratis Parisiorum ».
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Ex-libris : f.232v : « Liber Germano de Pratis pertinet almo. » ; — f.1 : « Sti Germani a Pratis »
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The analysis of the 220,540 births and 2152 perinatal deaths recorded in Switzerland between 1979 and 1981 showed a variation of perinatal mortality rates (PMR) according to the hour of birth. The PMR for babies born between 4 pm and 2 am was 12 per 1000, contrasting with a figure of 8.4 per 1000 for babies born between 2 am and 4 pm. This pattern, which was fairly constant throughout the week, was characterised by a slow and steady increase from the very early morning, reaching a maximum in the late evening. There was also an hour-to-hour variation in the proportion of babies born weighing less than 2500 g, with a maximum in the evening and a less pronounced peak in the morning: the mortality rates by birthweight were raised only in the evening. Since the availability of hospital staff and equipment also follows a circadian rhythm, the variation in PMR may be related to a circadian rhythm of quality of care or possibly to chronobiological or selection factors.
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A variant upstream of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C) shows the most significant genome-wide effect on HIV control in European Americans and is also associated with the level of HLA-C expression. We characterized the differential cell surface expression levels of all common HLA-C allotypes and tested directly for effects of HLA-C expression on outcomes of HIV infection in 5243 individuals. Increasing HLA-C expression was associated with protection against multiple outcomes independently of individual HLA allelic effects in both African and European Americans, regardless of their distinct HLA-C frequencies and linkage relationships with HLA-B and HLA-A. Higher HLA-C expression was correlated with increased likelihood of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and frequency of viral escape mutation. In contrast, high HLA-C expression had a deleterious effect in Crohn's disease, suggesting a broader influence of HLA expression levels in human disease.
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This study focuses on the status of using the Internet in partnership development. The aim is to find out howthe parties in partnership can benefit from the available data networks (the Internet, Intranet and Extranet). The study also explains what the typical practices at the moment are and what features might be exploitable in the future. The research problem is to find out whether there are any possibilities to utilize the web more than is done at the moment. This study is a preliminary study for a more extensive study on the topic 'Information Technology in Business Relationships'.