Measurement of the diffraction-limit wavefront with double-shearing interferometers

In order to measure the diffraction-limit wavefront, we present three types of common-path double-shearing interferometers based on the theory of double shearing. Two pairs of half-aperture or whole-aperture wedge plates are used to introduce opposite tilt to realize the double-shearing function. By comparing the fringe widths in two fields, the marginal wavefront aberration can be obtained. In the paper, we give three different configurations: half-aperture configuration, whole-field configuration and double-interferometer configuration. The half-aperture configuration has the features of high sensitivity, stabilization and easy alignment. For the whole-field configuration, the interference fringes are displayed in two whole fields. Consequently, the divergent or convergent characteristic and aberration types of a wavefront can be identified visually. The whole-field configuration can be changed to the double-interferometer configuration for continuous test. Both small and large wavefront aberrations can be measured by the double-interferometer configuration. The minimum detectable wavefront aberration (W-0)(min) comes to 0.03 lambda. Lastly, we present the experimental results for the three types of double-shearing interferometers.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 1978

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by the Republic of Costa Rica and the United States of America. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Under this provision the Republic of Panama adhered in 1953, the Republic of Ecuador in 1961, the United Mexican States in 1964, Canada in 1968 and Japan in 1970. In 1967, Ecuador gave notice of her intent to withdraw from the Commission, and her withdrawal became effective on August 21,1968. The Commission held two meetings in 1977, the 34th from June 27 to 29 in San Diego, California, and the 35th on October 17 and 18 in Mexico City. The Commission adjourned its 35th meeting, held in Mexico City on October 17, and 18, 1977, without agreeing to a resolution for the conservation of yellowfin during 1978. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical está bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención la cual fue originalmente formada por la República de Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de otros gobiernos cuyos nacionales pesquen atún en el Pacífico oriental tropical. Bajo esta medida la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, la República del Ecuador en 1961, los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en 1964, Canadá en 1968 y el Japón en 1970. En 1967, el Ecuador anunció su intención de retirarse de la Comisión y la renuncia se hizo efectiva el 21 de agosto de 1968. La Comisión celebró dos reuniones en 1977, la XXXIV del 27 al 29 de junio en San Diego (California) y la XXXV del 17 al 18 de octubre en ciudad de México. La Comisión clausuró su XXXV reunión, celebrada en ciudad de México del 17 al 18 de octubre de 1977, sin acordar una resolución para la conservación del atún aleta amarilla en 1978. (PDF contains 164 pages.)

Nicolao de Mura, "Progumnásmata"

[ES] Los Ejercicios preparatorios (προγυμνάσματα, Progumnásmata, lat. Praexercitamina) de Nicolao de Mura fueron escritos en el siglo V d. C., de manera que son posteriores al de Teón (siglo I), al atribuido a Hermógenes (siglo II) y al de Aftonio (siglo IV). En este trabajo se publica la primera traducción al español de esta obra. Esta traducción está precedida de una Introducción y está comentada en notas; finalmente, se añade un léxico de los términos retóricos en ella utilizados.

Control computerizado mediante Kinect

[ES]En el presente trabajo se tratará de exponer el método de trabajo, el desarrollo y los posibles usos de este dispositivo como un método de control en un marco de uso industrial orientado a la economía

实时测量表面形貌的正弦相位调制半导体干涉仪

提出一种实时测量表面形貌的正弦相位调制半导体激光干涉仪。利用实时相位检测电路，从正弦相位调制干涉信号中解出被测量物体表面形貌的相位。在实验中，测量了楔形光学平板的表面形貌，对表面形貌上的60

Isotope shift studies in the rare earths and lead

Isotope shifts of K_α1 x-ray transitions were measured for the Neodymium isotopes Nd 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148 and 150, the Samarium isotopes Sm 147, 148, 149, 150, 152 and 154, the Gadolinium isotopes Gd 154, 155, 156, 157, 158 and 160, the Dysprosium isotopes Dy 162 and 164, the Erbium isotopes Er 166, 168 and 170, the Hafnium isotopes Hf 178 and 180 and the Lead isotopes Pb 204, 206, 207 and 208. A curved crystal Cauchois spectrometer was used. The analysis of the measurement furnished the variation of the mean square charge radius of the nucleus, δ˂r²˃, for 23 isotope pairs. The experimental results were compared with theoretical values from nuclear models. Combining the x-ray shifts and the optical shifts in Nd and Sm yielded the optical mass shifts. An anomaly was observed in the odd-even shifts when the optical and the x-ray shifts were plotted against each other.

Could innovative teams provide the necessary flexibility to compete in the current context?

[EN] In the modern era firms should look for a sustainable and profitable business model. They operate in highly volatile and competitive markets. Innovation is a key element that allows firms to survive in these complex environments. Accordingly, some companies are developing human resource models that align to the actual competitive context. For instance, they establish democratic systems, flexible work practices, they focus on responsibility and initiative and increase the self-control of team members. In this framework, firms tend to use resources such as creativity, capacity for innovation or development of human talent. Therefore, innovative teams are able to adapt and react to turbulent, complex and dynamic environments, which allow them to handle in a more efficient way several subtasks. This fact gives rise to a higher effectiveness in the activities of firms. This paper analyze the characteristics and performance of multifunctional teams, virtual teams, open-innovation teams and self-managing teams. It also study the case of Semco, a company that is characterized by its innovative practices in human resources management and focus on responsibility and initiative and increase the self-control of team members.

一种ICF用新型可阵列反射镜架结构

运用并联机构原理设计了一种新型惯性约束聚变（Inetial Confinement Fusion, ICF）用可阵列反射镜架结构,并用坐标变换方法分析了机构的调整正交性与旋转轴正交性之间的关系.装置的实际测试结果表明调整正交性与分析结果一致,并且反射镜架的稳定性以及调节准确度均能符合ICF装置的使用要求.

La Orquesta Sinfónica de Euskadi en la prensa guipuzcoana 1982-2012. Influencia de los medios de comunicación en la imagen de la OSE

713 p.

高性能透明激光陶瓷及陶瓷激光器的最新应用进展

激光陶瓷的出现,为固体激光材料向高功率、大尺寸、多功能发展提供了全新的途径,从而为激光技术的发展提供了更加灵活广阔的设计空间。介绍了近年来国际国内透明激光陶瓷及陶瓷激光器发展的最新进展,并展望了陶瓷激光器的未来发展价值。高功率陶瓷激光器方面:中科院上海光学精密机械研究所采用超均匀侧面泵浦技术在1at.%Nd:YAG陶瓷棒中获得输出功率236W,斜率效率62%的连续激光输出。美国利弗莫尔实验室采用Sm3+包边Nd:YAG复合结构陶瓷热容激光器实现了5Hz,67kW激光输出。陶瓷激光器方面,日本World-Labo.Co实验室采用掺杂浓度为15at.%的Yb:YSAG透明陶瓷,获得脉冲宽度280fs,平均输出能量为62mW的锁模脉冲激光输出。陶瓷自调Q脉冲激光器和陶瓷光纤激光器亦有很大进展。陶瓷激光器的开发和应用不仅延伸到传统固体激光器的各个研究领域,并且能够不断突破现有固体激光技术的局限,有望推动未来固体激光工程向更广阔的空间发展。