Fitoplancton durante el crucero de evaluación de recursos pelágicos (13 febrero - 05 abril, 1995) BIC SNP-1

Describe las muestras de fitoplancton en 127 estaciones de Tacna a Tumbes. Paralelamente en los perfiles hidrográficos se colectaron muestras de agua con botellas Niskin. Se determinó un total de 143 especies de fitoplancton: 86 diatomeas, 44 dinoflagelados, 7 cocolitofóridos, 6 fitoflagelados y 2 silicoflagelados. Las concentraciones máximas de fitoplancton, mayores de 10.000 cel/50 mL, a 10 m de profundidad se encontraron en la franja costera, predominando diatomeas de alta tasa de reproducción, las cuales corresponden a una comunidad en la primera fase de la sucesión fitoplanctónica.

Eco rastreos durante marzo de 1967

Describe la operación Eureka VII que realizó del 9 al 11 de marzo de 1967, cubrió la zona entre Salaverry y Punta Olleros. Participaron 8 lanchas de los puertos de Chimbote, Culebras, Callao y Pisco.

Monitoreo oceanográfico pesquero en áreas seleccionadas. MOPAS Paita 2003

Presenta información relacionada al monitoreo realizado del 7 al 9 de marzo de 2000, que cubrió el área de Punta Aguja (5°47'S) a Talara (4°34'S). Indica que la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) mostró continuidad del evento frío moderado observado desde el segundo semestre de 1998, con anomalías térmicas negativas de -0,9°C desde Paita a Punta Aguja.

Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome.

Many currently used and candidate vaccine adjuvants are particulate in nature, but their mechanism of action is not well understood. Here, we show that particulate adjuvants, including biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) and polystyrene microparticles, dramatically enhance secretion of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) by dendritic cells (DCs). The ability of particulates to promote IL-1beta secretion and caspase 1 activation required particle uptake by DCs and NALP3. Uptake of microparticles induced lysosomal damage, whereas particle-mediated enhancement of IL-1beta secretion required phagosomal acidification and the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B, suggesting a role for lysosomal damage in inflammasome activation. Although the presence of a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist was required to induce IL-1beta production in vitro, injection of the adjuvants in the absence of TLR agonists induced IL-1beta production at the injection site, indicating that endogenous factors can synergize with particulates to promote inflammasome activation. The enhancement of antigen-specific antibody production by PLG microparticles was independent of NALP3. However, the ability of PLG microparticles to promote antigen-specific IL-6 production by T cells and the recruitment and activation of a population of CD11b(+)Gr1(-) cells required NALP3. Our data demonstrate that uptake of microparticulate adjuvants by DCs activates the NALP3 inflammasome, and this contributes to their enhancing effects on innate and antigen-specific cellular immunity.

Estructura de la macrofauna asociada los Rizoides de Lessonia sp. (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

En tres transectos perpendiculares a la costa oriental de la Isla Independencia, se colectaron un total de 25 rizoides de Lessonia sp. Entre 3 y 10 m. de profundidad, en agosto, noviembre y diciembre de 1986. Se determinaron un total de 143 taxa de invertebrados.

English Auctions with toeholds: An experimental study

We run experiments on English Auctions where the bidders already own a part (toehold) ofthe good for sale. The theory predicts a very strong effect of even small toeholds, however wefind the effects are not so strong in the lab. We explain this by analyzing the flatness of thepayoff functions, which leads to relatively costless deviations from the equilibrium strategies.We find that a levels of reasoning model explains the results better than the Nash equilibrium.Moreover, we find that although big toeholds can be effective, the cost to acquire them mightbe higher than the strategic benefit they bring. Finally our results show that in general theseller s revenues fall when the playing field is uneven.

Angervonniemellä 31.7.1929

Kirje

Cohort study of trials submitted to ethics committee identified discrepant reporting of outcomes in publications.

OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated with discrepant outcome reporting in randomized drug trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study of protocols submitted to a Swiss ethics committee 1988-1998: 227 protocols and amendments were compared with 333 matching articles published during 1990-2008. Discrepant reporting was defined as addition, omission, or reclassification of outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, 870 of 2,966 unique outcomes were reported discrepantly (29.3%). Among protocol-defined primary outcomes, 6.9% were not reported (19 of 274), whereas 10.4% of reported outcomes (30 of 288) were not defined in the protocol. Corresponding percentages for secondary outcomes were 19.0% (284 of 1,495) and 14.1% (334 of 2,375). Discrepant reporting was more likely if P values were <0.05 compared with P ≥ 0.05 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07, 1.78], more likely for efficacy compared with harm outcomes (aOR: 2.99; 95% CI: 2.08, 4.30) and more likely for composite than for single outcomes (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.20). Cardiology (aOR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.79) and infectious diseases (aOR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.13) had more discrepancies compared with all specialties combined. CONCLUSION: Discrepant reporting was associated with statistical significance of results, type of outcome, and specialty area. Trial protocols should be made freely available, and the publications should describe and justify any changes made to protocol-defined outcomes.

Cambios en los Recursos Costeros y su Incidencia en la Pesquería Artesanal durante «El Niño» 1982 - 1983

Los efectos del intenso fenómeno «El Niño» (EN) en verano y otoño del año 1983 sobre la pesquería artesanal se estudiaron a través de viajes de inspección a 21 centros de desembarque a lo largo del litoral peruano, entre enero y julio. Los resultados se basan en encuestas, estadísticas, datos e informaciones obtenidas durante los viajes. El fuerte calentamiento del mar ad­yacente a la costa peruana ha determinado en las capturas el reemplazo de especies típicas como cabrilla, cachema, lenguado, pejerrey, loma, jurel, caballa y suco por especies de aguas tropicales como el dorado, sierra, picuda, barrilete, rayas, manta rayas y langostinos. Los desembarques de las especies tradicionales han disminuido alrededor de 40 % con respecto a los meses de enero a julio de años normales, alcanzando en Santa Rosa, Lomas, Chala y Meca hasta un 80 % de disminución. En el verano de 1983, las capturas promedio de las embarcaciones artesanales en el litoral norte fueron <400 kg por embarcación-viaje, cantidad 3 veces menor a las capturas del verano anterior, mientras que para el litoral sur fueron en promedio < 170 kg, es decir más de 4 veces menor que antes.

Göttingen 3/8 29

Kirje 3.8.1929

Sistema de Informação de Apoio à Detecção de Perdas de Energia Eléctrica – O Caso da Electra

A realidade mundial é preocupante no que diz respeito ao aumento de ocorrências de perdas e fraudes em redes de distribuição de energia eléctrica. Em Cabo Verde, mas precisamente na Cidade da Praia a realidade é ainda mais preocupante devido ao número de ocorrências e a gravidade dos mesmos. Propõe-se um trabalho de investigação sobre perdas e fraudes de energia eléctrica baseado na análise dos dados relativos aos registos dos clientes na Base de Dados da Electra (Cabo Verde), com o intuito de nortear as tomadas de decisões de gestão estratégica no que diz respeito às políticas de controlo e prevenção de perdas e fraudes de energia eléctrica. O trabalho baseia-se na recolha e selecção de dados a organizar numa Data Warehouse para depois aplicar as tecnologias OLAP para a identificação de perdas nos Postos de Transformação e zonas geográficas da Cidade da Praia em Cabo Verde e posteriormente identificar possíveis fraudes de energia eléctrica nos clientes finais utilizando Data Mining. Os resultados principais consistiram na identificação de situações de perdas de energia eléctrica nos Postos de Transformação, a identificação de áreas críticas seleccionadas para inspecção dos seus clientes finais e a detecção de padrões de anomalias associadas ao perfil dos clientes.