Clinical features of pure obsessive-compulsive disorder

Objective Psychiatric comorbidity is the rule in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); however, very few studies have evaluated the clinical characteristics of patients with no co-occurring disorders (non-comorbid or pure OCD). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of pure cases in a large multicenter sample of OCD patients and compare the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with and without any lifetime axis I comorbidity. Method A cross-sectional study with 955 adult patients of the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (C-TOC). Assessment instruments included the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, The USP-Sensory Phenomena Scale and the Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale. Comorbidities were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Bivariate analyses were followed by logistic regression. Results Only 74 patients (7.7%) presented pure OCD. Compared with those presenting at least one lifetime comorbidity (881, 92.3%), non-comorbid patients were more likely to be female and to be working, reported less traumatic experiences and presented lower scores in the Y-BOCS obsession subscale and in total DY-BOCS scores. All symptom dimensions except contamination-cleaning and hoarding were less severe in non-comorbid patients. They also presented less severe depression and anxiety, lower suicidality and less previous treatments. In the logistic regression, the following variables predicted pure OCD: sex, severity of depressive and anxious symptoms, previous suicidal thoughts and psychotherapy. Conclusions Pure OCD patients were the minority in this large sample and were characterized by female sex, less severe depressive and anxious symptoms, less suicidal thoughts and less use of psychotherapy as a treatment modality. The implications of these findings for clinical practice are discussed. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

De la singularidad de la urbanización en el Uruguay = Special features of urbanization in Uruguay

Los documentos del Seminario fueron publicados por UNESCO en 1961 con el título: La urbanización en América Latina/Urbanization in Latin America

Formação de professores de matemática: dimensões presentes na relação PIBID e Comunidade de Prática

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização microestrutural do metal de solda depositado por arco submerso em chapas de aço-carbono estrutural

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Some Recent Features of Brazil-China Economic Relations

This paper shows that the Brazilian economic relations with China are intensifying at an unprecedented pace. This obviously brings about new challenges and opportunities. It is also shown that relations with specific provinces in China vary significantly, as illustrated by the available indicators for Shanghai, in comparison to other provinces. And last but not least, the paper has shown the rich recent experience of one Brazilian company that has benefited from the sharp increase of Chinese demand for raw material. This is a typical case of a new scenario for Brazilian firms, one where the firm has to learn how to flex its muscles as one of the major players in the international market, and in particular to learn in its dealing with its main client. The relationship between one of the major suppliers and the most active demander is of particular interest in itself.

Stylized features of the investment-growth connection in Latin America, 1980-2012

Estimates of investment and its components in Latin America over the past 30 years are used to review stylized facts relating to investment and explore factors that explain its connection with economic growth. In particular, the low level of investment, the reduction in public spending in the 1980s and its partial recovery along with private investment between 2003 and 2010 are explored. It is found that the increase in national income —on the back of rising terms of trade— made it possible to increase national saving and its contribution to financing investment between 2004 and 2008. The analysis of causality between the investment ratio and growth in gross domestic product (gdp) suggest that —for a considerable number of Latin American countries— changes in the growth rate have preceded changes in the investment ration in the period under study.

Orientação exterior de imagens orbitais usando modelos rigorosos com feições retas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Evolução tectônica dos altos estruturais de Pitanga, Artemis, Pau D'Alho e Jibóia - Centro do Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Horizontal projections of area 17 in Cebus monkeys: metric features, and modular and laminar distribution

Metric features and modular and laminar distributions of intrinsic projections of area 17 were studied in Cebus apella. Anterogradely and retrogradely labeled cell appendages were obtained using both saturated pellets and iontophoretic injections of biocytin into the operculum. Laminar and modular distributions of the labeled processes were analyzed using Nissl counterstaining, and/or cytochrome oxidase and/or NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry. We distinguished three labeled cell types: pyramidal, star pyramidal and stellate cells located in supragranular cortical layers (principally in layers IIIa, IIIb α, IIIb ß and IIIc). Three distinct axon terminal morphologies were found, i.e., Ia, Ib and II located in granular and supragranular layers. Both complete and partial segregation of group I axon terminals relative to the limits of the blobs of V1 were found. The results are compatible with recent evidence of incomplete segregation of visual information flow in V1 of Old and New World primates.

HTLV-I associated myelopathy in the northern region of Brazil (Belém-Pará): serological and clinical features of three cases

Três pacientes (masculinos, negros, idades 37, 40 e 57) foram atendidos em uma clínica universitária com uma paraparesia progressiva de origem obscura. Um paciente que referiu a duração da doença por mais de 16 anos, mostrou hiporreflexia, sinal de Babinski bilateral, uma sensibilidade vibratória diminuída, disfunção urinária e dor lombar. Os outros dois pacientes (com um e seis anos de duração da doença) queixavam-se de fraqueza em uma das pernas, hiperreflexia e lombalgia. Sinal de Babinski e distúrbio urinário estavam também presentes no paciente com seis anos de doença. Amostras de sangue testadas por ELISA e Western blot foram positivos para HTLV-I. A análise familiar de um dos pacientes, mostrou um possível padrão de transmissão sexual e vertical do vírus. Ao nosso conhecimento, estes são os primeiros casos comprovados de uma provável associação entre o HTLV-I e PET/MAH em Belém, Pará, e enfatiza a necessidade de uma busca ativa de casos de doenças neurológicas associadas ao vírus na região.

Further observations on clinical, histopathological, and immunological features of borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

ABSTRACT: Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis has for some time been considered as the causative agent of two distinct forms of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL): localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL), and anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (ADCL). Recently, a new intermediate form of disease, borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (BDCL), was introduced into the clinical spectrum of ACL caused by this parasite, and in this paper we record the clinical, histopathological, and immunological features of eight more BDCL patients from Brazilian Amazonia, who acquired the disease in the Pará state, North Brazil. Seven of them had infections of one to two years' evolution and presented with primary skin lesions and the occurrence of metastases at periods varying from six to 12 months following appearance of the first lesion. Primary skin lesions ranged from 1-3 in number, and all had the aspect of an erythematous, infiltrated plaque, variously located on the head, arms or legs. There was lymphatic dissemination of infection, with lymph node enlargement in seven of the cases, and the delayed hypersensitivity skin-test (DTH) was negative in all eight patients prior to their treatment. After that, there was a conversion of DTH to positive in five cases re-examined. The major histopathological feature was a dermal mononuclear infiltration, with a predominance of heavily parasitized and vacuolated macrophages, together with lymphocytes and plasma cells. In one case, with similar histopathology, the patient had acquired his infection seven years previously and he presented with the largest number of disseminated cutaneous lesions. BDCL shows clinical and histopathological features which are different from those of both LCL and ADCL, and there is a good prognosis of cure which is generally not so in the case of frank ADCL.

Tectonics and paleogeography of the Marajó Basin, northern Brazil

ABSTRACT: The Marajó Basin area presents geologic and geomorphologic features chiefly due to the Mesozoic extension and post-Miocene neotectonics. The extension event with an Early and a Late Cretaceous phases originated four sub-basins that constitutes the Marajó Basin, with a thick continental clastic sequence showing marine influence. NW and NNW normal faults and NE and ENE strike-slip faults controlled the basin geometry. The extension, related to the Equatorial Atlantic opening, propagated into the continent along crustal weakness zones of the Precambrian Tumucumaque, Amapá and Araguaia orogenic belts. The neotectonic event is a strike-slip regime which developed transtensional basins filled in by Upper Tertiary shallow marine (Pirabas Formation) and transitional sequences (Barreiras Group), followed by Quaternary fluvial deposits and transitional sequences derived from the Amazon and Tocantins rivers and the Marajoara estuary. The current landscape has a typical estuarine morphology. The coast morphology presents sea-cliffs on transitional Upper Tertiary sequences, while inwards dominate hills sustained by Mid-Pleistocene lateritic crust, with a flat erosive surface at 70 m. In the eastern Marajó Island several generations of paleochannels associated with fluvial-estuarine sequences are recognized, while a fluvial-marine plain is widespread on its western side.

Estudo da geometria e cinemática das rochas sedimentares arqueanas da mina do Igarapé do Azul – Carajás-PA

Mina de Manganês do Igarapé Azul posiciona-se geologicamente no interior do feixe da Falha Carajás, na porção central do Sistema Transcorrente de Carajás. O depósito do Manganês do Azul relaciona-se a rochas sedimentares pelíticas do Membro Azul, na base da Formação Águas Claras (Arqueano), em contato discordante, acima do Grupo Grão Pará (Nogueira et al, 1995). Três frentes de lavra a céu aberto estão atualmente em andamento na área: (1) Mina Principal (Mina 1), (2) Mina 2 e (3) Mina 3. Nestes locais encontram-se excelentes afloramentos de siltitos intercalados com argilitos e arenitos finos, intercalados com níveis manganesíferos. Essas rochas estão organizadas em conjuntos de dobras e falhas normais e inversas sob deformação heterogênea, particionada em diferentes escalas. As seções geológicas realizadas nas frentes de lavra mostram a predominância de siltitos intercalados com argilitos em contato com rochas pelíticas manganesíferas e minério (bióxido de Mn). Nessas rochas são comuns estruturas primárias tipo hummocky, estratificações cruzadas, e laminações plano-paralelas. O acamamento centimétrico a métrico (em média de 30 a 50 cm ) representa a principal estrutura primária, usada como marcador de deformação, observada nas rochas. A Mina do Igarapé Azul encontra-se dividida em dois blocos, separados por falha normal com rejeito de até dezenas de metros, com o bloco norte alto em relação ao bloco sul. O bloco sul encontra-se pouco deformado, apresentado uma regularidade no acamamento que mergulha com ângulos suaves para sul, colocando a camada de minério sucessivamente em níveis mais profundos na direção S. No bloco norte o acamamento apresenta um comportamento heterogêneo. A deformação é mais expressiva nessa região, estando o nível de minério deformado por dobras e falhas inversas. Além da cinemática vertical, as falhas apresentam deslocamento conjugado destral dando a essas feições um caráter oblíquo. Essa região pode ser definida como um corredor de deformação. O corredor observado no bloco norte, de acordo com os domínios principais separados pelas falhas anteriormente descritas, possui orientação NW-SE, com aproximadamente um quilômetro de extensão, sendo caracterizado por dobras assimétricas curvilineares com eixos de mergulhos suaves (10° a 25°) para NW e SE. Essas dobras são seccionadas por falhas normais sinuosas NW-SE e/ou E-W, com baixo ângulo de mergulho (em torno de 10° a 30°), subordinadas a transcorrências destrais, gerando em escala de detalhes feições como drag folds. Observam-se ainda falhas inversas retas e/ou sinuosas NW-SE e zonas de falhas sub-verticalizadas WNW -ESE. As dobras individuais nesta área são estruturas do tipo reversas, flexurais e com geometria en echelon com orientação semelhante às dobras curvilineares: eixos com baixo ângulo de mergulho (10° a 25°) e caimento para SE. O conjunto de feições anteriormente descrito desenha, em escala quilométrica, um antiforme aberto, provavelmente resultante da acomodação do acamamento em resposta a deformação dessas falhas. O paralelismo entre feições observadas na área da Mina do Igarapé Azul e os lineamentos maiores que desenham a Falha Carajás em planta sugere uma relação com dois importantes episódios deformacionais ocorridos durante a história tectônica da Falha Carajás. As falhas normais associadas a componente direcional destral, de maior expressividade da área da mina, estariam relacionadas ao episódio de transtensão destral responsável pela instalação da Falha Carajás anterior a 2.6 Ga (Pinheiro, 1997). As dobras, as falhas de cavalgamento e as zonas de falhas sub-verticalizadas estariam relacionados a deformações sob regime de transpressão sinistral, um segundo evento atuante na região, responsável pela reativação e inversão da maioria das estruturas próximas à zona da Falha Carajás (Pinheiro, 1997; Pinheiro & Holdsworth, 2000; Lima, 2002).