Também temos crachá: sobre um programa para aprendizes

Esta tese objetiva estudar o encontro dos jovens com o mundo do trabalho a partir de sua passagem por um programa de aprendizes em uma grande empresa privada brasileira com sede no Rio de Janeiro. Fazem parte do programa de aprendizes dessa empresa jovens entre 15 e 21 anos de ambos os sexos que moram em regiões diferentes do Estado, em geral na Baixada Fluminense ou em favelas cariocas pertencentes a famílias de baixa renda. Busca-se refletir sobre as questões que emergem no encontro dos jovens com o universo organizacional assim como compreender os significados concedidos por eles ao trabalho no que se refere às suas expectativas de futuro e aos seus projetos de vida. Parte-se da compreensão de que vivenciamos um momento de crise no qual toda a sociedade vem sofrendo profundas transformações com impactos diversos para os sujeitos contemporâneos e para a produção de subjetividades. A juventude, em especial, vem sendo atingida diretamente por esse cenário fazendo com que a passagem para a vida adulta seja um desafio. Nesse sentido, o governo brasileiro vem desenvolvendo políticas públicas voltadas para a juventude, dentre as quais a Lei de Aprendizagem faz parte. Esta foi criada pelo Ministério do Trabalho e do Emprego visando apoiar o jovem em sua inserção no mercado de trabalho e estabelece que organizações tanto públicas quanto privadas devem contratar obrigatoriamente um percentual de moças e rapazes entre 14 e 24 anos em regime especial de aprendizagem para conceder-lhes formação técnico-profissional. Para alcance dos objetivos da tese, foi realizada ampla pesquisa qualitativa de campo ao longo dos anos de 2010 e 2011 na qual foram utilizados instrumentos diversos para a coleta de dados: entrevistas individuais, focus group, observações e intervenções de campo que se concentraram na seleção dos aprendizes, em algumas ações de treinamento pelo qual passaram e no seu dia a dia de aprendizado na empresa. Os dados mais significativos coletados em campo foram analisados a partir de referências teórico-bibliográficas da Psicologia e de outras áreas de saber das Ciências Humanas e Sociais que dessem suporte à sua compreensão. Como alguns dos principais resultados obtidos na pesquisa, pode-se destacar que a ocupação profissional para a qual os jovens são preparados durante sua formação no programa de aprendizado não está necessariamente vinculada aos desejos de carreira que possuem para seu futuro. Os projetos de vida que denotam a busca por estabilidade são pautados em carreiras que requerem a realização do ensino superior. O encontro dos jovens com o universo da empresa não é simples, requer a aprendizagem de formas de falar e de se portar que são bem-vindas ou não. São essas formas de saber assim como o sentido de responsabilidade que ganham ao terem tarefas a realizar os principais aprendizados que os jovens carregam da experiência vivida. Por outro lado, a empresa ainda possui dificuldades para lidar com esses jovens percebendo-os a partir de estereótipos ligados às suas origens socioeconômicas que acabam por gerar mecanismos de desenvolvimento com teor civilizatório.

Fish demand and supply projections

It has been predicted that the global demand for fish for human consumption will increase by more than 50% over the next 15 years. The FAO has projected that the increase in supply will originate primarily from marine fisheries, aquaculture and to a lesser extent from inland fisheries, but with a commensurate price increase. However, there are constraints to increased production in both marine and inland fisheries, such as overfishing, overexploitation limited potential increase and environmental degradation due to industrialization. The author sees aquaculture as having the greatest potential for future expansion. Aquaculture practices vary depending on culture, environment, society amd sources of fish. Inputs are generally low-cost, ecologically efficient and the majority of aquaculture ventures are small-scale and family operated. In the future, advances in technology, genetic improvement of cultured species, improvement in nutrition, disease management, reproduction control and environmental management are expected along with opportunities for complimentary activities with agriculture, industrial and wastewater linkages. The main constraints to aquaculture are from reduced access to suitable land and good quality water due to pollution and habitat degradation. Aquaculture itself carries minimal potential for aquatic pollution. State participation in fisheries production has not proven to be the best way to promote the fisheries sector. The role of governments is increasingly seen as creating an environment for economic sectors to make an optimum contribution, through support in areas such as infrastructure, research, training and extension and a legal framework. The author feels that a holistic approach integrating the natural and social sciences is called for when fisheries policy is being examined.

LibQUAL+ Survey 2004 @ Queen's University Library : analysis of results

Queen's University Library was one of 202 libraries, including 57 members of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), to survey its users in spring 2004 using the LibQUAL+ survey instrument. LibQUAL+ was designed by ARL to assist libraries in assessing the quality of their services and identifying areas for improvement. # Overall: Queen's scored higher than the average for all ARL participants and 1st among the 2004 Canadian participants. This relatively high rating is due to very high scores in the dimensions of Library as Place and Affect of Service. However, there is considerable need for improvement in the area of Information Control where Queen's rated well below the ARL average. # Affect of Service: Queen's strong overall ratings are supported by the many respondent comments praising customer service throughout the system. The ratings and survey comments indicate greatest appreciation by faculty and more experienced students (e.g. graduate students) for the instruction and on-site services provided by the libraries. The ratings also indicate that undergraduates, growing up with the web, want and expected to be able to access library resources independently and do not value these services as highly. The comments also indicated some specific areas for improvement throughout the library system. # Library as Place : All Queen's libraries except for Law ranked well above the ARL and Canadian averages. Overall, Library as Place ranked lowest in importance among the service dimensions for all ARL participants including Queen's. Comparative analysis of LibQUAL results since the survey began shows a decline in “desired” ratings for Library as Place. However, undergraduates continue to give strong "desired" ratings to certain aspects of Library as Place and a relatively high rating for "minimum expected" service. The comments from Queen's survey respondents and ARL's analyses of focus groups indicate that undergraduates value the library much more as a place to study and work with peers rather than for its on-site resources and services. # Information Control: This is the area in greatest need of attention. While it ranked highest in importance for all user groups by a wide margin, Queen's performed poorly in this category. Overall, Queen's ranked far below both the ARL average and the top three Canadian scores. However, the major dissatisfaction was concentrated in the humanities/social sciences (Stauffer primary users) and the health sciences (Bracken primary users) where the overall rating of perceived service quality ranked below the minimum expected service rating. Primary users of the Education, Engineering/Science and Law libraries rated this service dimension higher than the ARL average. The great success of the Canadian National Site License Program (CNSLP) is reflected in the high overall rating generated by Engineering/Science Library users. The low ratings from the humanities and social sciences are supported by respondents' comments and are generally consistent with other ARL participants.