Evolución reciente de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio = Recent events in the Latin American Free Trade Association

Incluye Bibliografía

Studies of jet mass in dijet and W/Z + jet events

Invariant mass spectra for jets reconstructed using the anti-k T and CambridgeAachen algorithms are studied for different jet grooming techniques in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb-1, recorded with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Leading-order QCD predictions for inclusive dijet and W/Z+jet production combined with parton-shower Monte Carlo models are found to agree overall with the data, and the agreement improves with the implementation of jet grooming methods used to distinguish merged jets of large transverse momentum from softer QCD gluon radiation. © 2013 CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.

Search for physics beyond the standard model in events with τ leptons, jets, and large transverse momentum imbalance in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A search for physics beyond the standard model is performed with events having one or more hadronically decaying τ leptons, highly energetic jets, and large transverse momentum imbalance. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.98 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at √ = 7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2011. The number of observed events is consistent with predictions for standard model processes. Lower limits on the mass of the gluino in supersymmetric models are determined. © 2013 CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.

Analysis of follicular events in owl monkeys (Aotus azarai infulatus) using B-mode and Doppler ultrasound

Ultrasound (B-mode) was used to analyze follicular events in 12 trained female owl monkeys (Aotus azarai infulatus). The animals were examined every 48 hours for over 90days to measure and map follicular growth in both ovaries and to measure (using Doppler velocimetry) local hemodynamic changes during the peri-ovulatory stage. There were 44 follicular growth events, each with two or three follicular waves, and a mean ± SEM interval between events of 17 ± 1.13 days. There were various hemodynamic changes during follicular growth; both vascular resistance index and pulsatility index decreased during the time when the follicle diameter peaked. Thus, both B-mode and Doppler ultrasound were useful for monitoring ovarian follicular events in owl monkeys. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Scale-invariant resonance tagging in multijet events and new physics in Higgs pair production

We study resonant pair production of heavy particles in fully hadronic final states by means of jet substructure techniques. We propose a new resonance tagging strategy that smoothly interpolates between the highly boosted and fully resolved regimes, leading to uniform signal efficiencies and background rejection rates across a broad range of masses. Our method makes it possible to efficiently replace independent experimental searches, based on different final state topologies, with a single common analysis. As a case study, we apply our technique to pair production of Higgs bosons decaying into b\overline{b} pairs in generic New Physics scenarios. We adopt as benchmark models radion and massive KK graviton production in warped extra dimensions. We find that despite the overwhelming QCD background, the 4b final state has enough sensitivity to provide a complementary handle in searches for enhanced Higgs pair production at the LHC. © 2013 SISSA.

Carotid artery atherosclerotic profile as a predictor of the aorta atherosclerotic profile in patients with cerebrovascular events

Background: It is well known that the presence of atheroma of the thoracic aorta is a risk factor for cerebrovascular events. We sought to evaluate whether the presence and the morphology of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery detected by duplex ultrasonography is associated with disease in the proximal aorta visualized by transesophageal echocardiogram in patients with a cerebrovascular event. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional prospective study including 147 consecutive patients with prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Neurological evaluations were performed by an expert neurologist using clinical and tomographic diagnostic criteria including the definition of etiology and whether the patient suffered from stroke or TIA. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms and carotid artery duplex ultrasonography were performed by the same examiner. Patients with and without plaque in the carotid artery were compared using Student's t test or the χ2 test. Regression analysis was used to determine whether the presence of plaque in the carotid artery was predictive of the presence of plaque in the proximal aorta and to analyze the relationship between the echogenicity of carotid and aortic plaques. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: All 147 patients (95 men) were included in the analysis. Patients' ages ranged from 23 to 85 years (65 ± 12.4 years). Most of the patients (58.5%) were Caucasian, while 41.5% were African-Brazilian. Arterial hypertension, diabetes and tobacco use were more frequent among patients with atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta. A normal carotid intima-media thickness halved the risk of atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta [odds ratio (OR) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-0.91; p = 0.026]. The presence of carotid plaque increased the risk of aortic plaque by 70-fold (OR 73.2, 95% CI 25.6-2,018.6; p < 0.001) in univariate analysis. The absence of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery reduced the risk of plaque in the aorta to almost 0 (OR 0.014, 95% CI 0.004-0.041; p < 0.001). Considering the 86 patients with both aortic and carotid plaques, the presence of hypoechoic plaque in the carotid artery was a predictor of hypoechoic plaque in the aorta (OR 10.1, 95% CI 3.3-31.2; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The carotid artery atherosclerotic profile defined by ultrasonography is a strong predictor of the atherosclerotic profile of the proximal aorta. This should be taken into consideration before referring patients with acute cerebrovascular events for transesophageal echocardiogram. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Nicaragua: repercusiones económicas de los acontecimientos políticos recientes = Nicaragua: economic repercussions of recent political events

Incluye Bibliografía

Histórias de pescadores: memórias de vidas submersas

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Jamaica: Report of the macro socio-economic effects of the events in western Kingston area 22 May- 7 June 2010

.--I. Background.--II. The affected population.--III. Sectoral analysis of damage and loss.--IV. The macro socio economic effect of the event.--V. Conclusions and recommendations

Analysis of extreme events in the Caribbean 1990-2008

This study presents an analysis of extreme events in the Caribbean subregion for the period 1990 to 2008, and forms part of a similar, wider study focused on the Latin America and the Caribbean region (Central America and South America being the other two subregional components). It explores the economic costs of climate change through an examination of adaptation costs to extreme events. ECLAC, through its Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean, is pleased to have been able to undertake this study with the financial support of DFID and to have ensured its successful execution in collaboration with technical expertise from the University of the West Indies.

Expressão de genes relacionados ao ciclo celular e proteção da mucosa gástrica em metaplasia intestinal e ulcera gástrica em comparação com câncer gástrico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Identificação e análise da expressão de genes relacioanados com tolerância à seca em soja através de microarranjos de DNA e PCR em tempo real

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

GABA and glutamate transporters: new events and function in the vertebrate retina

The neural retina is a highly complex tissue composed of excitatory and inhibitory neurons and glial cells. Glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter, mediates information transfer from photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells, whereas interneurons, mainly amacrine and horizontal cells, use γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter. In this review we place an emphasis on glutamate and GABA transporters as highly regulated molecules that play fundamental roles in neurotransmitter clearance, neurotransmitter release, and oxidative stress. We pharmacologically characterized glutamate transporters in chicken retina cells and identified two glutamate transporters: one Na+-dependent transporter and one Na+-independent transporter. The Na+-dependent uptake system presented characteristics related to the high-affinity xAG- system (EAAT1), and the Na+-independent uptake system presented characteristics related to the xCG- system, which highly contributes to glutamate transport in the retina. Glutamate shares the xCG- system with another amino acid, L-cysteine, suggesting the possible involvement of glutathione. Both transporter proteins are present mainly in Müller glial cells. GABA transporters (GATs) mediate high-affinity GABA uptake from the extracellular space and terminate the synaptic action of GABA in the central nervous system. GABA transporters can be modulated by molecules that act on specific sites to promote transporter phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. In addition to a role in the clearance of GABA, GATs may also release GABA through a reverse transport mechanism. In the chicken retina, a GAT-1 blocker, but not GAT2/3 blocker, was shown to inhibit GABA uptake, suggesting that GABA release from retina cells is mainly mediated by a GAT-1-like transporter.

A zona de contato entre as formações Motuca e Sambaíba, Permo-Triássico da bacia do Parnaíba, regiões de Filadélfia (TO), Riachão (MA) e Loreto (MA)

O intervalo que compreende o final do Paleozóico e início do Mesozóico foi marcado por mudanças globais paleogeográficas e paleoclimáticas, em parte atribuídas a eventos catastróficos. A intensa continentalização do supercontinente Pangéia, com a implantação de extensos desertos, sucedeu os ambientes costeiros-plataformais do início do Permiano. Os registros desses eventos no norte do Brasil são encontrados nas bacias intracratônicas, particularmente na Bacia do Parnaíba, representados pela zona de contato entre as formações Motuca e Sambaíba. A Formação Motuca é constituída predominantemente por pelitos vermelhos laminados com lentes de gipsita, calcita e marga. Na porção leste da Bacia do Parnaíba, as fácies da Formação Motuca tornam-se mais arenosas com a ocorrência expressiva de arenitos com estratificação cruzada sigmoidal. A Formação Sambaíba consiste em arenitos de coloração creme alaranjada com estratificação plano-paralela e estratificação cruzada de médio a grande porte. Em geral, o contato entre as unidades é brusco, representado pela passagem de arenitos finos com laminação cruzada cavalgante e acamamento flaser/wavy da Formação Motuca para arenitos médios com falhas/microfalhas sinsedimentares e laminações convolutas da Formação Sambaíba. Foram individualizadas 14 fácies sedimentares, agrupadas em quatro associações: AF1 – Lacustre raso / Planície de lama (mudflat), AF2 – “Panela” salina (saline pan), AF3 – Lençol de areia e AF4 – Campo de dunas. A AF1 foi depositada dominantemente por processos de decantação em um extenso ambiente lacustre raso de baixa energia, influenciado por influxos esporádicos de areias oriundos de rios efêmeros. Este sistema lacustre foi, provavelmente, influenciado por períodos de contração e expansão, devido às variações das condições climáticas predominantemente áridas. Os mais expressivos períodos de contração ocorreram na porção oeste da Bacia do Parnaíba, representados pelo desenvolvimento de planícies de lama (mudflats) associadas a lagoas efêmeras saturadas em carbonatos e a “panelas” salinas (saline pans- AF2). Os lençóis de areia (AF3) são planícies arenosas extensas, localmente com área úmidas, intensamente retrabalhadas por processos eólicos. A AF4 é interpretada como parte de um erg composto por dunas/draas em zona saturada em areia, com interdunas secas subordinadas. Intervalos deformados lateralmente contínuos por centenas de quilômetros ocorrem na zona de contato entre as formações Motuca e Sambaíba. Pelitos com camadas contorcidas e brechadas (Formação Motuca) e arenitos com falhas/microfalhas sinsedimentares, laminação convoluta e diques de injeção preenchidos por argilitos (Formação Sambaíba) são interpretados como sismitos induzidos por terremotos de alta magnitude (>8 na escala Ritcher). Anomalias geoquímicas de elementos traços como Mn, Cr, Co, Cu e Ni na zona de contato entre as formações, juntamente com a presença de micropartículas de composição metálica na matriz argilosa dos sismitos, corroboram com impactos de meteoritos no limite c, possivelmente do astroblema Riachão.