Teste de condutividade elétrica em sementes de Albizia hassleri (Chodat) burkart. fabaceae-mimosoideae

Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o uso do teste de condutividade elétrica para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Albizia hassleri (Chod) Burkart. provenientes de diferentes matrizes. O teste de condutividade elétrica foi realizado a 25 ºC, com cinco repetições de 20 sementes embebidas em 75 mL de água destilada por 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 e 120 h. O teste de germinação foi conduzido a 25 ºC com cinco repetições de 20 sementes por 19 dias. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias de matrizes, comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Adicionalmente, procedeuse ao estudo de correlações entre os resultados de condutividade elétrica com os do teste de germinação e ao ajuste de regressões entre os valores de sementes com protrusão de radícula e de plântulas normais em função dos valores de condutividade elétrica, em cada período de embebição das sementes. Verificou-se grande variabilidade entre as matrizes, tanto no teste de germinação quanto no de condutividade elétrica. Os resultados de condutividade elétrica apontaram baixas estimativas de correlações com os obtidos no teste de germinação. As equações de regressão apresentaram baixos valores de coeficiente de determinação, denotando-se a grande variabilidade dos resultados. Pode-se concluir que o teste de condutividade elétrica não foi adequado para discriminação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de A. hasslerii provenientes de diferentes árvores-matriz.

A fragilidade e suas representações para idosos domiciliados no contexto da estratégia de Saúde da Família

This study aims to analyze social representations of elders to their fragile situation at home, with the presence of one or more characteristics, as defined by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. It is a descriptive and qualitative study, based on methodological -principles of the Theory of Social Representations. Setting was the homes of elderly residents in the area ascribed to a Family Health Unit (FHU) in the city of Natal. A total of 10 elderly subjects, whose choice was intentional and according to the need for USF home visit in a period of time, considering the saturation process of the information. As collection procedures were used the semi-structured interview and participant observation in accordance with the ethical rules of Resolution No. 196/96, with the assent of the Ethics and Research UFRN. To analyze the results, it was used the thematic content analysis in the aspect of preparation of representations, focusing on the totality of the discourse of the subjects. The results indicate that most study participants felt difficult to give meaning to the terms weakness and to be weak, although many present one or more aspects of the syndrome of frailty. From the content analysis of participants speeches in this study, we achieved the following categories: fragility as illness and disease as aging, aging and frailty as causes of changes and difficulties in daily life, the presence of family life in the fragile elderly, fragility as weakness and the risk for falls, the perception of being weak like a different person in addition to the absence of fragility in elderly life. Thus, through the processes of anchoring and objectification, the "fragile being" became familiar and concrete, showing that the meaning of weakness, besides the scientific definition found in the reified universes, can be reinterpreted and built within the consensus universes. About the care received by the staff of Family Health, from the viewpoint of older people there seems to be an understanding about the role of professional nurses; on the other hand, older people often mention the role of the Community Health Agent

Atuação dos enfermeiros da estratégia de saúde da família frente à violência intrafamiliar contra a criança

The family violence against children became visible, in the context of public health, due to the damage and injuries generated in the lives of children and to the growing need of investment in physical and human resources to fill this demand. In this context, it is believed that intervention could prevent such events and are configured as primary strategies to prevent the corollaries generated by the violence. In this perspective, this study aims to analyze the performance of nurses dealing with the Strategy of Family Health viewing to identify actions based on the paradigm of health distribution. This is a descriptive, exploratory and qualitative research. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis about the method proposed by Bardin. The study was conducted in Mossoró-RN and the participants were 14 nurses working for the Family Health Strategy in Health Units of this town. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire, with questions answered by the participants themselves. It was evident to the study that the nurses believe that health education are the main tool for dealing with domestic violence against children, being developed, however, in its positivist and vertical way. The actions used to develop health performed by the team on their daily lives are limited to educational activities and are carried exactly when cases of family violence against children are notified. Barriers to the practice emerged from fear of reprisals from the agressor, overwork, lack of management support and difficulty for the realization of interdisciplinary, intersectorality and comprehensive care.

O homem na estratégia de saúde da família

The research aimed to understand the general perception of men about their health care in a health unit família. This is an exploratory and descriptive qualitative approach, developed at the Center for Health Dr Vulpiano Cavalcante in the City of Parnamirim / RN. Participated in the investigation 12 men enrolled in the Estratégia de Saúde da Família ESF (Family Health Strategy), in the age-group 20 to 59 years lived in the catchment area of one of the ESF teams unit above. Data were collected from July to August 2009, through structured interviews, which, after transcription have undergone a process of identifying meaning units, coded and categorized according to the precepts of content analysis according to Bardin. Following in the footsteps of this method, originated the following themes: "Revealing what motivates men to seek assistance in the Estratégia de Saúde da Família," "Expressing knowledge of the Estratégia de Saúde da Família ", "an opinion about the care health and relationship with the ESF. The analysis was processed according to the principles of symbolic interactionism as Blumer. To support the discussions were used literary themes about man in the context of public health policies and the man in the family and the influences of gender. These, when they had their properties and dimensions analyzed, raised the central category Man on the Estratégia de Saúde da Família . The results show that respondents have limited knowledge about the ESF, your actions turn to use the service when no obligation arising from discomforts and accuracy of care. Moreover, delivering the opinion of the care with your health, even need, but recognizing that do not perform self-care. Given this reality, we can conclude that the perception of the man about his health in the ESF permeates gender issues that influence their behavior toward disease prevention and health promotion. This situation requires that the professionals and managers of health initiatives for the inclusion of man in the actions of the ESF assistance starting from the understanding of their conceptions of health care.

Entre flores e espinhos: a atuação do técnico em enfermagem na estratégia saúde da família

It is about a study of an exploratory/descriptive type with a qualitative approach whose aim was to analyze the actuation of nursing technicians in Family Health Strategy (FHS), taking into consideration the defined attributions by the Ministry of Health (MH). Thus, it was sought to identify what activities they carry out, the difficulties encountered, what contributed to their professional performance, and what vision they have about FHS and about themselves in the context. Based on the assumption that the practice of Nursing Technician is not still geared to completeness and that the developed actions by this professional are predominantly individual and curative. We know that FHS proposes the work organization as a team, with territory definition, prioritization of promotion actions, protection and recovery of the individual/family/community health, choosing as a central point the establishment of entails between the professionals and the same ones. However, the team work pass through interdisciplinary, tying and competence, starting making the difference in the way of thinking and doing health. To the accomplishment of this study were interviewed twenty one Nursing Technicians of Family Health Units from Sanitário Oeste district in Natal-RN, using semistructured instrument. From the analysis, three empiric categories emerged: starting from the first, The reality of a dream: what FHS is for the Nursing Technician, we obtained two classifications: one inherent to the own conception they have about FHS, nominated The realization of a dream in the possible and another that corresponds to what they think about FHS, while project that doesn't take place fully, denominated of The beauty of a dream that doesn't take place. The second category was The FHS: a dream built in the daily of Nursing Technician treats of the day by day information of that professional; the activities they perform and how those are established. This created three other items, to know: The role of a Nursing Technician: a project that became routine; The pre-determined role of a Nursing Technician: the scale as factor of (non-)autonomy; and, Knowledge about the practice in FHS: challenges that are presented to the role of Nursing Technician. The third category, denominated of Charms and disenchantment in the beginning of a new practice, it is related to the facilities or difficulties in professional's actuation and how he sees himself in the context. From it emerged the "flowers" and the "thorns" found on the construction of a dream, which gave this study the title. The results indicate that, being considered the characteristics of researched professional category, it becomes fundamental the resizing of labor relations in FHS, being imperative that new glances is conducted, so that the way as those Nursing Technicians interacts with the families can become compatible, together with the team, as well as to return the attention for their possibilities and limits in face of the work process in FHS. Besides, it is necessary changes in the professional formation, so that it can guarantee the conceptual bases in the construction of new practices, seeking to answer to the model of current attention.

Repercussões da terapia comunitária no processo de trabalho na estratégia saúde da família: um estudo representacional

The Community Therapy (CT) is in a practice of therapeutic effect and may also be considered as a technology takes care of the therapeutic procedure group, whose purpose is to promote health, prevent illness, developed within primary care in mental health. In this study we sought to understand the social representations of health professionals who work with the Community Therapy, on use of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Joao Pessoa. This is a field research with a qualitative view Moscovician Theory of Social Representations, held with seven professionals of the FHS, therapists of Community Health District II. The empirical data were obtained by carrying out two thematic therapies in April 2009, which were wheeled CT. It was used as a technique for analyzing the collective subject discourse, and the data presented through graphs, charts, maps, pictures and graphics and arranged in three stages: Subjects of the study, characterizing the study participants; Social Representations of Therapist Community presenting and discussing the social representations of therapists community studied on CT, and Consequences of Community Therapy at the Family Health Strategy, discussing the meanings attributed by the study participants about changes in FHS. Meanings were attributed to the CT by the therapists studied originated from the speeches, songs, drawings and constructed, and that presented by schematic illustration show the relation between the representations: life, listening, faith / light, change, transformation. The web, symbol of CT, appeared on the images constructed by the representatives of the study and represents the formation of bonds that allows the construction of social support networks that strengthen relationships among community. In the study, proved by professionals who have the meanings about the changes in the work process from the introduction of CT, and shown that the change took place within a more welcoming attitude on the part of professionals, the relationship between Team members had no significant changes, explained by the low compliance of team members to the CT in relation to the user front, the bond was strengthened, and this involved strengthening the role of the therapist community. It is recognized, thereby transforming the character of CT in building links with users, requiring, however, that the team is viewed as offering therapeutic services, not the professional therapist. Therefore, the CT for being a new phenomenon in health services and community belonging, it fits like a novelty which affects the construction of a representation dispute. Still, can contribute to the reorganization of mental health care in line with the new model of mental health care advocated by the Psychiatric Reform.

Análise de qualidade da atenção à criança na estratégia saúde da família: o óbito infantil evitável como referência

Alma-Ata declaration bring the Primary Attention to the Health (PAH) as first level of health attention for individuals, family and community, which considers infant group as priority. Several initiatives that gave bases to integral attention to the children health formalized in the principles of Unique Health System. Family Health Strategy (FHS) comes to strengthen this attention, instituting new ways of work organization and professional practices that gave impact in their quality indicators. One of them is children mortality, showing decline in their values. Though, studies indicates persistence of avoidable infant deaths. In Natal RN, this reality is also perceptible leading to inquietudes, mainly at the space of services production, it means, which motivated the accomplishment of the present study intending to analyse the way that the organizational and structural processes as long as the professional practices in FHS interfered in the quality of children s health attention who died by avoidable death in the year of 2007 in municipal district of Natal-RN. It treats, therefore, to an exploratory and descriptive survey of cases study type, thar had as primary sources the oficial documents of MH, the family prontuary, pregnant card, child card and testimony obt ined from instrument of research elaborated based in investigation form of infant death by MH, applied to 10 mothers of children who had avoidable death. In analysis it was appealed silmultaneous triangulation of methods and sources, allowing a bigger aproximation from obtained informations. To elucidate the cases, the aspects studied were analyzed to the light of explicative model of Social Determinants of Health. Among individual and family aspects were highlighted the related to age, schooling, family habits and customs and mother s economic condition, besides of pregnancy age, newborn weight and associated diseases, which don t differ from literature about the theme. Reffering to the factors organizational and structural processes and professionals practice, highlihgted, the treatment given by the professionals, the territorialization and adscription of areas, the difficulty of having access to the services or sleepers and the reference and counterreference. But also, the ausence or few greet, the lack of communication, few assiduity and ponctuality by professionals in service, among others. In a general way mothers considers the attendance received in the hospital good and very good , opnions that in the Basic Attention weren t so favorable, in spite of many of predictible actions in this level have been performed in the studied cases. It is observed, therefore, that the social determinants of health has a strong influence in ocurrence of infant deaths, what implicates in a large actuation by Infant Mortality Committee from municipal district. This way, it becomes fundamental the reflection and evaluation about the effectiveness and execution by the processes of vigilance to health in FHUs; the rethink about the social determinants of health in a wide and articulate way to the services quality, to permanent education, to management in service, to the given attention and to the way how it is installed the popular participation and social control. To the professionals it is presented the great challenge to review their daily practice, their values, behaviors and commitment, which ones must be guided by logical of sharing, work in team, humanescence and alterity, not only by the accomplishment of a professional duty

Ações de detecção precoce do câncer de mama realizadas por profissionais da estratégia saúde da família

This study is an exploratory descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The objective was to identify the actions for the early detection of breast cancer conducted by the health professionals of the Family Health Strategy in the Trairi region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The research was conducted in nine municipalities of the region. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire with 52 Family Health Strategy professionals, 30 nurses and 22 physicians, that work in the region. Analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The results were organized and discussed in three areas: Knowledge about the early detection of breast cancer; Actions for early detection detection of breast cancer, and Difficulties experienced in the screening actions for breast cancer. The results indicate that these professionals (100%) have knowledge of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer and that the majority (96,2%) conduct screening actions in accordance with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. However, a considerable number (55,8%) of these professionals encounters difficulties while conducting the screening procedures in his work setting. The difficulties varied from those of a personal nature to those of access to the procedure, such as the unavailability of sufficient quotas of screening exams. We conclude that the majority of health professionals execute the screening actions for breast cancer in their work settings according to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health, even though they encounter difficulties in the conclusion of the mammography and ultrasound exams, essential procedures in the early detection of breast cancer. We understand that these professionals demonstrate knowledge of secondary prevention even though they do not execute all the actions necessary for early detection primarily because they are impeded by the blockage of access to exam quotas. We conclude that, in spite of the difficulties experienced, the procedures for the early detection of breast cancer are being executed by the majority of the Family Health Strategy professionals in the Trairí region, specifically the clinical examination of the breast, orientation of breast self examination, requests for mammography and ultra sound examinations. Measures are needed that can mediate the difficulties, that will permit the realization of secondary prevention procedures with the population at risk in the region. We suggest training and actualization courses on the complete screening process that includes a wide discussion of the new legislation that provides the mammography exam for women over 40 years. We believe that the acquisition of such a work perspective for the early detection of breast cancer, along with knowledge of health vigilance and of breast cancer, will enhance integral health care of women that constitutes an aim of the nurse and the family health team

Histórias de vidas de Usuários de psicofármacos: o desafio do cuidar para a enfermagem

Study of qualitative approach using the oral history methodology, in modality oral history of life, which aimed to: tell the stories of lives of users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, in Family Health Unit Santarém (FHU Santarém), Natal-RN-Brazil; identify possible causes which influence and trigger, respectively, use of psychotropic for prolonged period of time; search for greater knowledge about this problem of public health; contribute with the planning and development of nursing cares, to users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, as well as in Mental Health Care, integrally, in perspective of Family Health Strategy (FHS). It was used as a baseline survey, the coverage area of family health team, from FHU Santarém, which belongs to Health District North II, from Municipal Health Secretariat, in Natal-RN-BR. Eight employees who use psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time were interviewed. They volunteered to narrate their life stories, which were analyzed by using the thematic modality, since the study is focused on the question of the use of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time. The thematic axis crisis, prejudice and care, defined by the categorization of common elements, found through successive and careful readings of narratives, were used to analyze these stories of lives. The study found that users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time are affected by mental health crisis, feeling need to be heard, as well as the existence of social prejudice towards people with mental disorders, and non-completion of development of managed care, by the family health team, and particularly, the nursing care to people suffering from mental disorders and users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time. It is proposed that, in the search of development and planning of nursing care to users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, and in mental health care, integrally, in FHS, the nurse can think and make a drawing about manners of performing nursing care to this clientele through the use of consultation of nursing, conducting home visits, collective construction of spaces for listening and socialization, which can be used as possible paths for the construction of such care

A precarização do trabalho do enfermeiro na estratégia saúde da família: contribuição ao debate

This study makes an analysis of the work of nurse of the, uncovering the meaning of work and of precarious work for the nurse. aims to analyze the forms of precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy the municipality of Pau dos Ferros-RN, Brazil. This is a qualitative study with analysis of the categories that emerged from search through dialog with the authors studied in theoretical framework of the sense of human work, the world of work actual and the precariousness of work in health. Used if the methodology of thematic oral history and semi-structured interview as an instrument for data collection and information. Participated 07 nurses of. There was predominance of females, with civil state married, with age between 29 and 47 years, inserted as nurses in Family Health Strategy 1 to 9 years. All referred satisfaction with work. Emerged 02 main meanings of work, whichever the design of work as a source of human and practical transforming of reality, with the sense of perform an action by the individual facilitator and suffers change. Include the precarious work not only as the absence of links labor and social protection, unlike the thought of the Ministry of Health, similar to the design of the study, the precariousness understood yet as the absence of participation of workers in the spaces work management and running of the work and the absence of structural conditions and infra-structural where the work process takes place. evidenced the totality of nurses inserted in Family Health Strategy by public tender. Refer have labor rights guaranteed. Don´t include under which legal arrangements are governed. The researched reality does not have a policy desprecarização nursing work of Family Health Strategy. Concluded the municipality presents progress and setbacks for the precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy. The collective work in health is a challenge in researched reality and the policy of desprecarização of the work of the management of education and work was not evidenced. Despite the implementation of the public tender these professionals have a degree of precariousness of work, with the accumulation gradient of responsibilities, some lack of working conditions in structural aspects, infra-structural and means and instruments

Ações dos agentes comunitários de saúde diante do usuário da estratégia saúde da família com estados depressivos no Município de Abaiara-CE-BR

Brazilian health public assistance is going through two Reforms, Sanitary and Psychiatric, and through these the assistance is guaranteed in the three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary. Thus, mental health assistance should be offered since preventive cares until the ones that demand larger technological apparatus. Programs like Health Community Agent's Program (HCAP) and Family Health Strategy (FHS), besides increasing the services coverage, have been making possible the system reorientation in the meaning of integrality, universalization and equity. Thus, united intervention of mental health team and FHS can offer several benefits to the population, providing assistance and follow-up to patients with mental disorder. It was aimed to assess health community agents facing the user of Family Health Strategy in depressive state. This quanti-qualitative study took place in the municipal district of Abaiara-CE. Semi-structured interview was applied with health community agents and Beck Depression Inventory with the users registered in Family Health Strategy. It was verified that among the 64 users interviewed, 12.5% didn't present symptoms of depression, 10.9% presented symptoms of light depression, 14.1% symptoms of moderate depression and 62.5% symptoms of serious depression. For the 22 health community agents interviewed, they all reported the existence of people with symptoms of depression in their personal micro-areas, being difficult to work with them, once the FHS team is not qualified to work with mental health problems. It was verified that the Municipal district doesn't have specialized professionals, making difficult the routing and treatment. Based on these results, it was concluded that in spite of the articulation of mental health with FHS is necessary and benefactor to the population, it still doesn't exist, worsening the situation, mainly in small Municipal districts, once they don't have mental health services. Thus, the population is exposed and without follow-up, which allows the identification of installed diseases and with gravity, like depression, because there are no prevention and control activities. It is recommended, due the extreme need, the elaboration and implantation of a mental health program in these municipal districts, articulated with FHS

Acompanhando o crescimento e o desenvolvimento da criança : uma intervenção integrada entre enfermagem e família

The accompanying the growth and development of the child is the guiding line of basic health measures directed at this public, acting within the scope of health monitoring and inferring positively in the rate of infant morbidity and mortality, which are still a preoccupation worldwide and in Brazil. However, mostly, this practice is based on the biomedical model of care, individualized, with emphasis on the medicalization and complaints, favoring the passivity of users. Given this issue, aim to develop accompanying the growth and development of the child in a Basic Unit Family Health, through a collective approach of medical care next to a health team, especially nurses and caregivers. This is a qualitative study, with the research-action method. Involved the four nurses and twenty-six of children's caregivers of the area of Basic Unit Family Health of Cidade Nova, in Natal, in the period from February to July 2010. The results were analyzed following the direction of the thematic analysis of Freire. In the situation analysis of the current reality of the accompanying the growth and development the children in the Basic Unit Family Health, through participant observation and applying a questionnaire to the nurses, we realize that despite these professionals have a knowledge tied to the paradigm of health promotion, in practice the monitoring of child is done through individual consultations in outpatient room, based on complaints brought by caregivers, with little solvability in actions employed. Given the need for change in medical care model, we decided jointly, in the focal group, for the collective monitoring of children's the growth and development, featuring then this proposal to the multidisciplinary team, discussing the participation of professional categories and planned collectively the actions. In the implementation stage of collective action, we contemplate the execution by the caregivers of anamnesis and physical examination, recording data in the Child Health Handbook and discussion of clinical findings, under the supervision of nurses and facilitators. In the evaluation, we found that this collective accompanying strategy allowed to caregivers learn new knowledge, exchange experiences, assistance in home care, beyond reduce the waiting time for medical care and creating opportunity of more time for debate about the children‟s health situation, differing of ambulatory care. As difficulties, we face with a high rate of defaulters (53.8%), lack of motivation and passivity of the users, little participation of other health professionals and nurses' involvement in other activities, technical and bureaucratic in the moment of care. Thus, we note also a strong rooting of individual clinical model on the way of thinking and acting of nurses and caregivers

O cuidar de enfermagem e da família à pessoa idosa no domicílio: uma abordagem etnográfica

O envelhecimento é um processo multidimensional que envolve entre outros os aspectos físico-biológicos, sociais, econômicos e psicológicos. Ao avaliar essa fase da vida dentro de uma visão social e cultural, percebe-se que ser idoso ou não varia com as concepções culturais, sendo necessário investigar as variações que atuam no processo e rege o fenômeno sociocultural da realidade em que se está inserido. Com o aumento da população idosa mundial, esse processo tende a se intensificar. Estima-se que até em 2050 existam cerca de dois bilhões de pessoas com mais de 60 anos no mundo, e a maioria delas vivendo em países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, acredita-se que existam, atualmente, cerca de 20 milhões de idosos. A normatização e legislação brasileira de amparo ao idoso em relação à saúde iniciaram-se a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988 e da Lei 8080 que regulamenta o Sistema Único de Saúde em 1990, em seus níveis de complexidade: atenção básica, média e alta complexidade. Para auxiliar nessa prestação dos serviços na atenção básica de saúde é importante observar as condições sociais, culturais, econômicas e de saúde dos idosos e seus familiares. Nesse sentido, a visita ao domicílio e a avaliação deste idoso em seu ambiente doméstico torna-se fundamental para acompanhar o cuidar prestado e o quanto esse processo irá interferir no sistema de saúde, na família e na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Neste contexto, o enfermeiro como integrante da Equipe de Saúde da Família, presta assistência à saúde do idoso no domicílio. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do estudo é analisar o cuidado de enfermagem e da família à pessoa idosa no domicílio com vistas à identificação das influências socioculturais. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa, norteados por princípios teórico-metodológicos da etnografia com vistas ao estudo da influência dos aspectos culturais e sociais na assistência da família e do enfermeiro à idosos em domicílio. Foi realizado no município de Santana do Matos, RN, tendo como participantes, idosos, familiares e enfermeiros da equipe da ESF, definidos a partir da população do município e obtendo-se uma amostra intencional de 25 participantes: 6 enfermeiras, 10 idosos e 9 grupos familiares. Para a coleta de informações, utilizou-se observação, entrevista, diário de campo e grupo focal. Os resultados foram apresentados em forma de narrativa descritiva, na perspectiva dos conceitos de Boris Cyrulnik, com análise interpretativa cultural de Geertz, na busca dos significados e símbolos próprios da cultura da velhice de idosos e dos seus familiares, sobre cuidados que são realizados, tanto pela família, como pelos enfermeiros em domicílio. Observou-se que a família e o cuidador, dentro de sua realidade social e cultural, precisam ser mais compreendidos pela equipe de saúde para ser melhor orientados e capacitados na realização do cuidar de forma adequada. Por sua vez, os profissionais de saúde, em especial o enfermeiro, enfrentam dificuldades para realizar o cuidado ao idoso no domicílio como a grande demanda de atribuições na unidade de saúde como consultas e atendimentos; falta de transporte até os domicílios; extensão territorial do município e das áreas assistidas; número de pessoas atendidas por cada equipe; falta de compreensão dos profissionais de saúde quanto à importância da visita domiciliária na atenção básica. Entendem a necessidade de realizar ações de promoção em saúde, prevenção de agravos e de educação em saúde, além de reconhecerem a importância de uma melhor formação acadêmica para atuar nessa perspectiva e contribuírem para as mudanças necessárias na prática dos cuidados ao idoso em domicílio

Teste de condutividade elétrica para a avaliação do vigor de sementes de abobrinha

O teste de condutividade elétrica da solução de embebição é recomendado para avaliar o vigor de sementes de ervilha e indicado para outras espécies, mas ainda há necessidade da continuidade de estudos sobre o assunto. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de comparar procedimentos no teste de condutividade elétrica para avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de abobrinha. Utilizaram-se sementes de abobrinha (Cucurbita pepo L.), cultivar Menina Brasileira, representadas por quatro lotes na primeira etapa e por outros cinco, na segunda. Foram conduzidos os teste de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência e de condutividade elétrica. Para o teste de condutividade foram estudadas variações no volume de água (50 e 75mL), na temperatura (20, 25 e 30ºC) e no tempo de embebição (1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 e 24 horas). O tempo de embebição para o teste de condutividade elétrica pode ser reduzido para 8 horas. Independentemente do volume de água, a temperatura de 30ºC foi a mais favorável para a ordenação consistente dos lotes quanto ao vigor. Assim, conclue-se que a condição mais adequada para o teste de condutividade elétrica em sementes de abobrinha é a utilização de 50 sementes em 75mL de água por oito horas, a 30ºC.

Temperatura e período de exposição de sementes de milho no teste de envelhecimento acelerado

O teste de envelhecimento acelerado (EA) apresenta possibilidades de uso nos programas de controle de qualidade de sementes de milho. Porém, para uso em rotina, há necessidade de padronização das condições de temperatura e período de exposição das sementes na realização do teste. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da combinação de duas temperaturas (42 e 45ºC) e dois períodos de envelhecimento (72 e 96h) nos resultados do teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de milho. Para isso, sementes de seis genótipos de milho, tratadas e sem tratamento fungicida, com altos valores de germinação inicial, semelhantes entre si, dentro de cada genótipo, foram submetidas ao EA, de acordo com condições de temperatura e período de exposição pré-estabelecidos. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com os tratamentos (lotes x germinação, antes e após o EA) dispostos em esquema fatorial, empregando-se o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade na comparação das médias. Verificou-se que sementes de milho apresentam diferenças de sensibilidade ao envelhecimento acelerado, condicionadas pelo genótipo e tratamento fungicida. Contudo, a combinação 45ºC por 72h possibilita separar lotes de qualidade fisiológica superior e inferior, independentemente do genótipo. O período de exposição das sementes ao envelhecimento acelerado determina o teor de água atingido pelas mesmas.