The von Neumann-Morgenstern stable sets for 2x2 games

We analyze the von Neumann and Morgenstern stable sets for the mixed extension of 2 2 games when only single profitable deviations are allowed. We show that the games without a strict Nash equilibrium have a unique vN&M stable set and otherwise they have infinite sets.

Learning in Network Games

We report the findings of an experiment designed to study how people learn and make decisions in network games. Network games offer new opportunities to identify learning rules, since on networks (compared to e.g. random matching) more rules differ in terms of their information requirements. Our experimental design enables us to observe both which actions participants choose and which information they consult before making their choices. We use this information to estimate learning types using maximum likelihood methods. There is substantial heterogeneity in learning types. However, the vast majority of our participants' decisions are best characterized by reinforcement learning or (myopic) best-response learning. The distribution of learning types seems fairly stable across contexts. Neither network topology nor the position of a player in the network seem to substantially affect the estimated distribution of learning types.

Legislação brasileira sobre meio ambiente

Legislação atualizada em 10/9/2013

Long-Term Growth and Persistence with Endogenous Depreciation: Theory and Evidence

Previous research has shown a strong positive correlation between short-term persistence and long-term output growth as well as between depreciation rates and long-term output growth. This evidence, therefore, contradicts the standard predictions from traditional neoclassical or AK-type growth models with exogenous depreciation. In this paper, we first confirm these findings for a larger sample of 101 countries. We then study the dynamics of growth and persistence in a model where both the depreciation rate and growth are endogenous and procyclical. We find that the model s predictions become consistent with the empirical evidence on persistence, long-term growth and depreciation rates.

A monotonic core concept for convex games: The SD-prenucleolus

We prove that the SD-prenucleolus satisfies monotonicity in the class of convex games. The SD-prenucleolus is thus the only known continuous core concept that satisfies monotonicity for convex games. We also prove that for convex games the SD-prenucleolus and the SD-prekernel coincide.

Classificação Ranganathiana da tabela de tipos de proposição do Sistema de Informação Legislativa da Câmara dos Deputados : uma proposta metodológica

Aborda os problemas estruturais e informacionais da Tabela de Tipos de Proposição do Sistema de Informação Legislativa, o Sileg, da Câmara dos Deputados, relacionada à classificação dos tipos documentais daquela instituição, e utilizada, como referência, no registro (entrada de dados) e na recuperação de informações, ditas legislativas. Discute os fundamentos da Arquitetura da Informação, como disciplina da Ciência da Informação, para a organização da Informação Legislativa, especialmente, em relação à significação, à representação informacional e à teoria de classificação. Oferece uma definição para Informação Legislativa, que possui limitação material e formal, e aborda os antecedentes históricos de sua disponibilização à sociedade brasileira, em cumprimento aos princípios constitucionais da publicidade e transparência dos atos dos órgãos públicos e do direito de o cidadão brasileiro ter acesso e receber, desses órgãos públicos, informações de seu interesse particular. Aplica e comprova a viabilidade de utilização da teoria de classificação facetada, de Ranganathan, no estudo e na reorganização da Tabela de Tipos de Proposição do Sileg, que contemple as características multifacetada das proposições legislativas.

La estructura y propiedades magnéticos de las nanopartículas de Fe50Ni50 obtenidas mediante el método de explosión eléctrica de hilo

[Es]Actualmente ninguna área científica es ajena a la revolución de la nanociencia; las nanopartículas atraen el interés de muchos investigadores desde el punto de vista de la ciencia fundamental y para sus aplicaciones tecnológicas. Las nanopartículas ofrecen la posibilidad de fabricar sensores que sean capaces de detectar desde un virus hasta concentraciones de substancias patógenas que no pueden ser detectadas por los métodos convencionales. Hoy en día existes 82 tratamientos contra el cáncer basadas en la utilización de nanopartículas y los materiales composite con nanopartículas se utilizan como medio de protección frente la radiación del rango de microondas. En la rama de ciencias ambientales, las nanopartículas metálicas sirven como materiales anticontaminantes. En este trabajo se ha estudiado la estructura y las propiedades magnéticas de las nanopartículas de FeNi preparadas mediante el método de explosión eléctrica de hilo. Con la técnica de Rayos–X(DRX) se ha determinado que las nanopartículas se cristalizan en un sistema cúbico FCC con un parámetro de celda de 3.596 Å, también, se ha obtenido el tamaño de dominio coherente que es de 35 nm. La muestra se ha sometido a un programa de temperatura controlada para seguir la evolución de la estructura cristalina y del tamaño del cristal, tanto en atmósfera oxidante como en vacío. Para el aprendizaje de los microscopios utilizados en este trabajo, se ha asistido al curso “Fundamentos de microscopia electrónica de barrido y microanálisis” impartido por SGIker de la UPV/EHU. Se han empleado los microscopios electrónicos SEM y TEM para obtener imágenes de gran resolución de la muestra y analizar su contenido elemental. Partiendo de las imágenes sacadas por el SEM se ha calculado el valor medio del tamaño de las partículas de la muestra, 58 nm. Mediante el Mastersizer 2000 se ha medido el tamaño de las partículas y/o agregados por método de difracción láser, disgregando la muestra todo lo posible hasta conseguir el tamaño medio que se aproxime al de una sola partícula, 100nm. Por último, para la caracterización magnética se ha servido del VSM que mide el momento magnético de una muestra cuando ésta vibra en presencia de un campo magnético estático, consiguiendo una imanación de saturación de 125 emu/g. Hemos fabricado y caracterizado las nanopartículas magnéticas de hierro-níquel y los resultados obtenidos han sido enviados a un congreso especializado de ciencia de materiales (ISMANAM - 2013, Italia).

Consumption and portfolio rules whit stochastic hyperbolic discounting

We extend the classic Merton (1969, 1971) problem that investigates the joint consumption-savings and portfolio-selection problem under capital risk by assuming sophisticated but time-inconsistent agents. We introduce stochastic hyperbolic preferences as in Harris and Laibson (2013) and find closed-form solutions for Merton's optimal consumption and portfolio selection problem in continuous time. We find that the portfolio rule remains identical to the time-consistent solution with power utility and no borrowing constraints. However,the marginal propensity to consume out of wealth is unambiguously greater than the time-consistent, exponential case and,importantly, it is also more responsive to changes in risk. These results suggest that hyperbolic discounting with sophisticated agents offers promise for contributing to explaining important aspects of asset market data.

Considerações acerca dos vetos ao PLDO 2015 : Mensagem Presidencial n. 1/2015

Analisa as razões apontadas nos vetos opostos pela Chefe do Poder Executivo, bem como expor os fundamentos que justificaram a aprovação dos dispositivos vetados.

Coalitional games with veto players: Myopic and farsighted behavior

This paper studies an allocation procedure for coalitional games with veto players. The procedure is similar to the one presented by Dagan et al. (1997) for bankruptcy problems. According to it, a player, the proposer, makes a proposal that the remaining players must accept or reject, and con ict is solved bilaterally between the rejector and the proposer. We allow the proposer to make sequential proposals over several periods. If responders are myopic maximizers (i.e. consider each period in isolation), the only equilibrium outcome is the serial rule of Arin and Feltkamp (2012) regardless of the order of moves. If all players are farsighted, the serial rule still arises as the unique subgame perfect equilibrium outcome if the order of moves is such that stronger players respond to the proposal after weaker ones.

Monopoly price discrimination with constant elasticity demand

This paper presents new results on the welfare e¤ects of third-degree price discrimination under constant elasticity demand. We show that when both the share of the strong market under uniform pricing and the elasticity di¤erence between markets are high enough,then price discrimination not only can increase social welfare but also consumer surplus.

Emergence of Cooperation in Heterogeneous Population: A Discrete-Time Replicator Dynamics Analysis

The emergence of cooperation is analyzed in heterogeneous populations where individuals can be classified in two groups according to their phenotypic appearance. Phenotype recognition is assumed for all individuals: individuals are able to identify the type of every other individual, but fail to recognize their own type, and thus behave under partial information conditions. The interactions between individuals are described by 2 × 2 symmetric games where individuals can either cooperate or defect. The evolution of such populations is studied in the framework of evolutionary game by means of the replicator dynamics. Overlapping generations are considered, so the replicator equations are formulated in discrete-time form. The well-posedness conditions of the system are derived. Depending on the parameters of the game, a restriction may exist for the generation length. The stability analysis of the dynamical system is carried out and a detailed description of the behavior of trajectories starting from the interior of the state-space is given. We find that, provided the conditions of well-posedness are verified, the linear stability of monomorphic states in the discrete-time replicator coincides with the one of the continuous case. Specific from the discrete-time case, a relaxed restriction for the generation length is derived, for which larger time-steps can be used without compromising the well-posedness of the replicator system.

Majoritarian Contests with Asymmetric Battlefields: An Experiment

We investigate a version of the classic Colonel Blotto game in which individual battles may have different values. Two players allocate a fixed budget across battlefields and each battlefield is won by the player who allocates the most to that battlefield. The winner of the game is the player who wins the battlefields with highest total value. We focus on the case where there is one large and several small battlefields, such that a player wins if he wins the large and any one small battlefield, or all the small battlefields. We compute the mixed strategy equilibrium for these games and compare this with choices from a laboratory experiment. The equilibrium predicts that the large battlefield receives more than a proportional share of the resources of the players, and that most of the time resources should be spread over more battlefields than are needed to win the game. We find support for the main qualitative features of the equilibrium. In particular, strategies that spread resources widely are played frequently, and the large battlefield receives more than a proportional share in the treatment where the asymmetry between battlefields is stronger.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 665 2ª ed.]

Os líderes fecham acordo para agilizar as votações e o plenário começa a votar as emendas do texto. Todas as emendas, objeto de acordo, serão votadas em conjunto. Não houve acordo quanto ao problema da livre iniciativa e o conceito de propriedade privada, que irão para votação em plenário. Todos concordam com a necessidade de acordo para agilizar a votação desta parte da Constituição. As emendas supressivas foram votadas e garantiram como fundamentos a soberania, a cidadania, os valores sociais do trabalho e da livre iniciativa, a dignidade da pessoa humana e o pluralismo político.

Asociación Argentina de Limnología (AAL)

Este año se cumplieron veinticinco años de la creación de la Asociación Argentina de Limnología. En 1984, en la vieja aula magna de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (en esa época esta unidad académica funcionaba en las instalaciones del Museo de La Plata) un conjunto de mujeres y hombres relacionados con esta disciplina concretaban ese ansiado anhelo aprobando los fundamentos de su formación y eligiendo su primer comisión directiva. Los años siguientes fueron de gran impulso concretando la realización de talleres reuniones, ediciones de boletines y una gran comunicación entre sus asociados. En 1991 se realiza la primer reunión internacional en la ciudad de La Plata con gran repercusión y convocatoria, posteriormente se hacen los congresos de 1994 y 1998 en la ciudades de Tucumán y Buenos Aires respectivamente. A partir de esta fecha comienza a diluirse la actividad de la asociación para desaparecer en los primeros años del presente siglo. No obstante, ya sin el marco de la asociación, se realizan congresos en 2004 y 2008, en las ciudades de Chascomús y San Carlos de Bariloche respectivamente, con singular éxito. Este archivo es una pequeña muestra de algo que unió a un grupo de profesionales con un objetivo común: el desarrollo y proyección regional de esta disciplina. A simple vista lo podríamos calificar de un nuevo fracaso, ya que tuvo el mismo fin de la ALOA (Asociación Limnológica y Oceanográfica Argentina), pero no sería totalmente cierto, ya que la magnitud de las últimas reuniones nos indica que el crecimiento de esta ciencia es importante. Por ello, me parece adecuado que dejemos a un sociólogo y un historiador de la ciencia la interpretación de este fragmento de la rica historia del “limnobios” en nuestro país.