Obtenção de imagens e identificação dos sintomas das doenças bióticas e abióticas do coqueiro para inserção em programa de diagnose virtual.

2016

Eficiência do controle químico de doenças do complexo lixa e queima das folhas de coqueiro anão verde com cyproconazole sob diferentes estratégias de aplicação.

2016

CARTOGRAFIA DAS DOENÇAS ENDEMICAS EM TRÊS MUNICIPIOS DA ILHA DO MARAJÓ/BELÉM/PARÁ/BRASIL

Este trabalho tem como objetivo diagnosticar as condições de saúde nos municípios do Arquipélago do Marajó através do ponto de vista da geografia da saúde.e o espaço, objeto da geografia, como uma categoria de estudo privilegiada para a investigação do processo saúde-doença nas populações ribeirinhas no entorno Breves, Melgaço e Portel municípios da Ilha do Marajo/Pará/Brasil.Dessa forma o espaço analisado enquanto totalidade é uma instância da sociedade, ao mesmo tempo que as instâncias econômica e cultural-ideológica. Os seus elementos homens, instituições, meio ecológico e as infra-estruturas estão submetidos a variações qualitativas e quantitativas,entre (Santos, 1992). O homem, porém, não é apenas o habitante de um determinado lugar, mas é também o produtor, o consumidor (Santos, 1993).O estudo realizado nos municípios acima citados criou um viés à encaminhara a pesquisa para um estudo mais apurado nas áreas localizadas e apontar os principais problemas endêmicos enfrentados pelos municípios. Nesse sentido, o levantamento bibliográfico, foi um aspecto primordial que deu um certo direcionamento à pesquisa e questionamentos durante a mesma.O estudo inicial fez um apanhado dos principais e os possíveis problemas encontrados nas áreas estudadas e que estejam de fato relacionadas à problemática em questão.

Levantamento de doenças foliares em cultivares e híbridos de milho no sistema plantio direto no estado do Pará.

Objetivou-se avaliar a ocorrência e identificar doenças foliares de milho (Zea mays) em 13 cultivares e híbridos plantados em Sistema de Plantio Direto, em área de Pesquisa da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, no município de Paragominas, PA. O levantamento das principais doenças foi realizado no início do florescimento, estádio reprodutivo do milho. Amostras de tecido foliar com sintomas de doença foram analisadas no Laboratório de Fitopatologia da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental e observou-se que na maioria dos cultivares e híbridos houve a ocorrência de doenças causadas por fungos dos gêneros Colletotrichum, Bipolaris e Diplodia , agentes etiológicos de doenças que podem causar redução na produtividade da cultura e são amplamente distribuídos nas regiões produtoras de milho do Brasil. O aumento da dispersão do milho pode ser um fator contribuinte para o aumento das doenças, principalmente em Sistema de Plantio Direto. Concluiu-se que houve a incidência de doenças foliares de importância econômica na maioria dos cultivares de milho no Sistema de Plantio Direto em estudo, as quais podem atuar potencialmente para a diminuição da produtividade da cultura nesse Sistema.

Controle biológico de doenças de plantas no Brasil: história, pesquisa, comercialização e perspectivas=Biological control of plant diseases in Brazil: history, research, commercialization and perspectives.

2008

Doenças em plantios jovens de eucalipto em sistemas agroflorestais no Acre.

O uso de sistemas agrossilvipastoris com plantio de eucalipto tem se tornado bastante importante no Acre. Com o aumento dos cultivos de eucalipto no Acre, tem ocorrido o ataque de patógenos no campo principalmente durante os estágios iniciais da cultura. Conhecer as principais doenças que afetam os plantios de eucalipto é fundamental para o sucesso dos sistemas agrossilvipastoris que empregam esta espécie. Assim este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar as principais doenças em plantios de eucalipto no Acre associados a sistemas silvipastoris em implantação. Foram avaliadas três áreas com plantios jovens de eucalipto com diferentes espécies. Nas áreas foram realizadas visitas mensais para detecção de doenças. Plantas com sintomas de doenças foram trazidas ao Laboratório de Fitopatologia da Embrapa Acre para diagnóstico. Em campo avaliou-se a incidência e severidade das doenças. Foram relatadas os seguintes patossistemas: Ralstonia solanacearum - Murcha Bacteriana; Xanthomonas axonopodis - Mancha Foliar Bacteriana do Eucalipto; Puccinia psidii - Ferrugem do Eucalipto; Coniella fragariae ? Mancha de Coniela; e Cylindrocladium spp. ? Mancha de Cylindrocladium.

Mudanças climáticas: impactos sobre doenças de plantas no Brasil.

Proposta metodológica para discussão dos impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre doenças de plantas - Raquel Ghini e Emília Hamada. Cenários climáticos futuros para o Brasil - Emília Hamada, Renata Ribeiro do Valle Gonçalves, Jose Antonio Marengo Orsini e Raquel Ghini. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças da batata no Brasil - Carlos Alberto Lopes, Ailton Reis e Natalino Yassushi Shimoyama. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças do tomate no Brasil - Ricardo Gioria, Kátia Regiane Brunelli e Romulo Fujito Kobori. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças do pimentão no Brasil - Romulo Fujito Kobori, Ricardo Gioria e Kátia Regiane Brunelli. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças do melão no Brasil - Kátia Regiane Brunelli, Romulo Fujito Kobori e Ricardo Gioria. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças do arroz no Brasil - Anne Sitarama Prabhu, Silvando Carlos da Silva e Marta Cristina de Filippi. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças de cereais de inverno no Sul do Brasil - Erlei Melo Reis, Ricardo Trezzi Casa e Sandra Maria Zoldan. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças do milho no Brasil - Nicésio Filadelfo Janssen de Almeida Pinto, Elizabeth de Oliveira e Fernando Tavares Fernandes. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças e o desenvolvimento da soja no Brasil - Maria Aparecida Pessôa da Cruz Centurion e Raquel Ghini. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças da bananeira no Brasil - Luadir Gasparotto e José Clério Rezende Pereira. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças da cana-de-açúcar no Brasil - Álvaro Sanguino. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças fúngicas do cafeeiro no Brasil - Edson Ampélio Pozza e Marcelo de Carvalho Alves. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as principais doenças de citros no Estado de São Paulo - Waldir Cintra de Jesus Junior, Marcelo Augusto Boechat Morandi, Rock Seille Carlos Christiano e Pedro Takao Yamamoto. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças da seringueira no Estado de São Paulo - Edson Luiz Furtado. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre a ferrugem-do-eucalipto no Estado de São Paulo - Edson Luiz Furtado, Carlos André Gaspar dos Santos e Marcus Vinicius Masson. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre a incidência de fitonematóides no Brasil - Mário Massayuki Inomoto. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre o controle biológico de doenças de plantas - Wagner Bettiol. Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre o controle químico de doenças de plantas Raquel Ghini.

Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as doenças e o desenvolvimento da soja no Brasil.

2008

Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre as principais doenças de citros no estado de São Paulo.

2008

Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre o controle biológico de doenças de plantas.

2008

Impacto potencial das mudanças climáticas sobre o controle químico de doenças de plantas.

2008

Proposta metodológica para discussão dos impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre doenças de plantas.

2008

Controle biológico de doenças de plantas na América Latina.

2008

Socioeconomic Status, Occupational Factors and Lifestyle as Predictors of Hospitalisation for Back Disorders

The aim of this dissertation was to examine the determinants of severe back disorders leading to hospital admission in Finland. First, back-related hospitalisations were considered from the perspective of socioeconomic status, occupation, and industry. Secondly, the significance of psychosocial factors at work, sleep disturbances, and such lifestyle factors as smoking and overweight was studied as predictors of hospitalisation due to back disorders. Two sets of data were used: 1) the population-based data comprised all occupationally active Finns aged 25-64, and included hospitalisations due to back disorders in 1996 and 2) a cohort of employees followed up from 1973 to 2000 having been hospitalised due to back disorders. The results of the population-based study showed that people in physically strenuous industries and occupations, such as agriculture and manufacturing, were at an increased risk of being hospitalised for back disorders. The lowest hospitalisation rates were found in sedentary occupations. Occupational class and the level of formal education were independently associated with hospitalisation for back disorders. This stratification was fairly consistent across age-groups and genders. Men had a slightly higher risk of becoming hospitalised compared with women, and the risk increased with age among both genders. The results of the prospective cohort study showed that psychosocial factors at work such as low job control and low supervisor support predicted subsequent hospitalisation for back disorders even when adjustments were made for occupational class and physical workload history. However, psychosocial factors did not predict hospital admissions due to intervertebral disc disorders; only admissions due to other back disorders. Smoking and overweight predicted, instead, only hospitalisation for intervertebral disc disorders. These results suggest that the etiological factors of disc disorders and other back disorders differ from each other. The study concerning the association of sleep disturbances and other distress symptoms with hospitalisation for back disorders revealed that sleep disturbances predicted subsequent hospitalisation for all back disorders after adjustment for chronic back disorders and recurrent back symptoms at baseline, as well as for work-related load and lifestyle factors. Other distress symptoms were not predictive of hospitalisation.

Familial aggregation of type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in Finland

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common, multifactorial disease with strong familial clustering. In Finland, the incidence of T1D among children aged 14 years or under is the highest in the world. The increase in incidence has been approximately 2.4% per year. Although most new T1D cases are sporadic the first-degree relatives are at an increased risk of developing the same disease. This study was designed to examine the familial aggregation of T1D and one of its serious complications, diabetic nephropathy (DN). More specifically the study aimed (1) to determine the concordance rates of T1D in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins and to estimate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the variability in liability to T1D as well as to study the age at onset of diabetes in twins; (2) to obtain long-term empirical estimates of the risk of T1D among siblings of T1D patients and the factors related to this risk, especially the effect of age at onset of diabetes in the proband and the birth cohort effect; (3) to establish if DN is aggregating in a Finnish population-based cohort of families with multiple cases of T1D, and to assess its magnitude and particularly to find out whether the risk of DN in siblings is varying according to the severity of DN in the proband and/or the age at onset of T1D: (4) to assess the recurrence risk of T1D in the offspring of a Finnish population-based cohort of patients with childhood onset T1D, and to investigate potential sex-related effects in the transmission of T1D from the diabetic parents to their offspring as well as to study whether there is a temporal trend in the incidence. The study population comprised of the Finnish Young Twin Cohort (22,650 twin pairs), a population-based cohort of patients with T1D diagnosed at the age of 17 years or earlier between 1965 and 1979 (n=5,144) and all their siblings (n=10,168) and offspring (n=5,291). A polygenic, multifactorial liability model was fitted to the twin data. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to provide the cumulative incidence for the development of T1D and DN. Cox s proportional hazards models were fitted to the data. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate temporal trends in incidence. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) between the first-degree relatives of T1D patients and background population were determined. The twin study showed that the vast majority of affected MZ twin pairs remained discordant. Pairwise concordance for T1D was 27.3% in MZ and 3.8% in DZ twins. The probandwise concordance estimates were 42.9% and 7.4%, respectively. The model with additive genetic and individual environmental effects was the best-fitting liability model to T1D, with 88% of the phenotypic variance due to genetic factors. The second paper showed that the 50-year cumulative incidence of T1D in the siblings of diabetic probands was 6.9%. A young age at diagnosis in the probands considerably increased the risk. If the proband was diagnosed at the age of 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15 or more, the corresponding 40-year cumulative risks were 13.2%, 7.8%, 4.7% and 3.4%. The cumulative incidence increased with increasing birth year. However, SIR among children aged 14 years or under was approximately 12 throughout the follow-up. The third paper showed that diabetic siblings of the probands with nephropathy had a 2.3 times higher risk of DN compared with siblings of probands free of nephropathy. The presence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the proband increases the risk three-fold for diabetic siblings. Being diagnosed with diabetes during puberty (10-14) or a few years before (5-9) increased the susceptibility for DN in the siblings. The fourth paper revealed that of the offspring of male probands, 7.8% were affected by the age of 20 compared with 5.3% of the offspring of female probands. Offspring of fathers with T1D have 1.7 times greater risk to be affected with T1D than the offspring of mothers with T1D. The excess risk in the offspring of male fathers manifested itself through the higher risk the younger the father was when diagnosed with T1D. Young age at onset of diabetes in fathers increased the risk of T1D greatly in the offspring, but no such pattern was seen in the offspring of diabetic mothers. The SIR among offspring aged 14 years or under remained fairly constant throughout the follow-up, approximately 10. The present study has provided new knowledge on T1D recurrence risk in the first-degree relatives and the risk factors modifying the risk. Twin data demonstrated high genetic liability for T1D and increased heritability. The vast majority of affected MZ twin pairs, however, remain discordant for T1D. This study confirmed the drastic impact of the young age at onset of diabetes in the probands on the increased risk of T1D in the first-degree relatives. The only exception was the absence of this pattern in the offspring of T1D mothers. Both the sibling and the offspring recurrence risk studies revealed dynamic changes in the cumulative incidence of T1D in the first-degree relatives. SIRs among the first-degree relatives of T1D patients seems to remain fairly constant. The study demonstrates that the penetrance of the susceptibility genes for T1D may be low, although strongly influenced by the environmental factors. Presence of familial aggregation of DN was confirmed for the first time in a population-based study. Although the majority of the sibling pairs with T1D were discordant for DN, its presence in one sibling doubles and presence of ESRD triples the risk of DN in the other diabetic sibling. An encouraging observation was that although the proportion of children to be diagnosed with T1D at the age of 4 or under is increasing, they seem to have a decreased risk of DN or at least delayed onset.