887 resultados para Subjective and Objective Status, Economic Inequality, Social Stratification, Chile
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A través de este estudio se exponen las iniciativas gubernamentales que se han llevado a cabo en Chile para mejorar el impacto de las políticas públicas en materia de superación de la pobreza, a partir de la década de los años noventa. Si bien se hace un análisis inicial que podría aplicarse a cualquier país de la región, los demás capítulos del documento constituyen una interpretación del autor sobre el caso chileno, señalándose brevemente las razones para cambiar la situación actual. A continuación, se exponen las experiencias de los últimos tres gobiernos, para terminar con una recomendación o toma de posición del autor sobre la autoridad social.
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Two systems of bus driver compensation exist in Santiago, Chile. The majority of drivers are paid per passenger transported, which leads to drivers trying to maximize the number of passengers each one conveys. Some of these effects are beneficial, such as a more active effort to minimize the problem of bus bunching, while others, such as aggressive driving, can be harmful. Drivers are said to "race" and the term "War for the Fare" is commonly used. Drivers also pay freelance workers called "sapos" to provide spacing information. Similar phenomena occur in other Latin American capitals.The other system, a fixed wage, is used by 2 companies holding recently awarded concessions for routes feeding metro stations.This paper discusses, quantitatively and qualitatively, the effects of these two compensation systems on accidents, quality of service, attitudes of both users and drivers, and average waiting times for passengers.
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En este estudio se realiza un diagnóstico del sistema contributivo de pensiones en Chile y se formulan algunas recomendaciones de reforma, desde una perspectiva de derechos sociales que generan expectativas de satisfacción: el objetivo primordial de un sistema de pensiones es proveer seguridad del ingreso en la vejez y las pensiones contributivas deben reflejar el ahorro realizado a lo largo de la vida laboral para garantizar que, a niveles semejantes de esfuerzo, se obtendrán protecciones similares o proporcionales.
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During November 2010, three ticks were collected from three dogs living in the rural area of Arica, northern Chile. Morphological analyses of the ticks in the laboratory revealed that they were most similar to Amblyomma maculatum Koch and Amblyomma triste Koch. However, because of unique metatarsal spurs, neither of the Chilean specimens could be assigned with certainty to A. maculatum or A. triste, based on external morphology. The mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene partial sequences obtained from two Chilean specimens were 99.5% identical to A. triste from Uruguay, and 99.0% identical to A. maculatum from the United States. Through phylogenetic analysis inferred from partial 16S rRNA sequences, the Chilean specimens were classified as A. triste. Molecular analyses also showed that one of the three Chilean ticks was infected by Candidatus 'Rickettsia andeanae'. These findings extend the geographical distribution of A. triste to Chile, where no tick-associated rickettsia had been reported previously.