Insect feeding preferences on Piperaceae species observed in São Paulo city, Brazil

Piperaceae species have been placed among the basal angiosperm and are adapted to a variety of habitats including moist forests, secondary vegetation and dry high lands. The major anatomical/morphology features are of small trees, vines, and shrubs for Piper species, while the epiphytic and succulent characteristics are predominant forms among Peperomia species. Their secondary chemistry can be mostly represented by amides, phenylpropanoids/lignoids, and chromenes in addition to a phletoria of biosynthetically mixed-origin secondary compounds. Although several amides and lignans are known as insecticides, several phytophagous insects, among which some considered pests of economic importance, have been observed feeding vigorously on Piperaceae species. Herein we describe the feeding preferences of fourteen phytophagous species of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera over approximately fifty Piperaceae species observed in São Paulo, SP, Brazil, in a long-term basis.

Audit report on the City of Postville, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Postville, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Special investigation of the City of Center Point Library for the period January 1, 2006 through December 6, 2007

Special investigation of the City of Center Point Library for the period January 1, 2006 through December 6, 2007

Special investigation of the City of Schleswig for the period January 1, 2003 through January 31, 2007

Special investigation of the City of Schleswig for the period January 1, 2003 through January 31, 2007

Audit report on the City of Sigourney, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Sigourney, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Agreed upon procedures report on the City of Springville, Iowa for the period July 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007

Agreed upon procedures report on the City of Springville, Iowa for the period July 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007

Audit report on the City of Van Horne, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Van Horne, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Exira, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Exira, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Rediscovery of the putatively extinct ant species Simopelta minima (Brandão) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), with a discussion on rarity and conservation status of ant species

Simopelta minima (Brandão, 1989) was originally described based on four workers collected in soil samples from a small cocoa plantation in Ilhéus, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. In the subsequent years after the description, this cocoa plantation was eliminated and the species was then considered extinct by the Brazilian environmental institutions. The recent rediscovery of S. minima workers in subterranean pitfall trap samples from Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, over 1.000 km distant from type locality, suggests that the rarity and vulnerability status of some ant species may be explained by insufficient sampling of adequate microhabitats, in time and space.

Audit report on the City of Blue Grass, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Blue Grass, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Special report on the City of Norwalk for the period July 1, 2006 through April 9, 2008

Special report on the City of Norwalk for the period July 1, 2006 through April 9, 2008

Audit report on the City of Castalia, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Castalia, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Monticello, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Monticello, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Agreed upon procedures for the City of Garber for the year ended June 30, 2007

Agreed upon procedures for the City of Garber for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Robins, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

Audit report on the City of Robins, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007