Ensino de Ciências e os sistemas de avaliação em larga escala na educação básica: processos formativos e aprendizagens profissionais da docência

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Aspectos técnico, econômicos e ecológicos de processos de produção de hidrogênio

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Os processos de territorialização e desterritorialização da educação do campo no sudoeste do Paraná

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Análise dos processos de infiltração, percolação, retenção e evaporação em solos arenoso e residuais utilizando lisímetro

The mobility of water in the soil is a difficult process to be quantified. During precipitation, there is a portion of the water that infiltrates, which is very important for recovering the groundwater balance. This work studies the mobility of water in sandy soils with different textures and residual soils through experiments mounted in lysimeters. The lysimeters were mounted on acrylic cylinder with 11.3 cm diameter and 25.0 cm in length. The sand was deposited using the process sand rain. In the tests it was maintained a hydraulic head of two centimeters above the surface with the aid of a Mariotte flask. The portions of water were controlled in the experiments using relations between weight and volume measurements over time. The data were obtained by monitoring the input and output volumes of water through calibrated reservoir and system weight by an electronic balance. The infiltration front was monitored with the aid of a digital camera. The results indicate that the smaller the particle size of the sand, the lower the speed of the saturation front, the higher the retained volume, the smaller the basic rate of infiltration and the lowest speed of percolation. Moreover, the rate of water loss in the evaporation process indicated no significant difference with variation of the particle size of the samples

Identificação de áreas sujeitas a processos erosivos na área urbana do município de Aparecida, SP

Historically, in Brazil, the process of urbanization and city growth was due to the intense migration of rural population to urban areas, especially in the last thirty years. This move, combined with a lack of planning, allowed the occupation of areas with potential for occurrences of erosion. The city of Aparecida, SP can be cited as an example of this process. These irregular occupations generate large material damage and human losses conditioned on mass movement of soil, resulting from the development of erosive processes. So, it is of great importance to physical characterization and identification of these areas within the same city map as a way to minimize the effects and mitigate the consequences of events. Thus, this work presents a series of graduate field campaigns, geotechnical laboratory testing and consultation with representative maps of the physical environment, as a means conclusive for delimintation of areas with potential risk for the occurrence of erosion, especially in areas undergoing urban expansion of the city Aparecida, SP. These areas were determined some geotechnical properties of soils present, evaluating the potential erodibility of them. Also presented are the descriptions of the main characteristics of these areas identified as being at risk, along with proposals to avoid or minimize the impact of problems related to erosion processes on the local population

Modelagem de processos, com foco em MRP, visando aplicação em pequenas empresas

Este trabalho propõe a inclusão de informação extraída a partir da modelagem de processos para auxiliar pequena empresas do setor madeireiro no controle de fluxo de materiais e estoques. Para isto são apresentados conceitos de modelagem de processos e sistema MRP I (Material Requirement Planning). Desta forma foi realizado um estudo detalhado sobre o sistema citado e posteriormente sobre as possibilidades de aplicações de uma modelagem de processos. Em seguida, chegou-se a proposta de modelagem para o tipo de empresa em questão. A modelagem é constituída por cinco etapas, onde é sugerida a inclusão de tendência de demanda para maior controle de necessidades de materiais. O resultado obtido, a modelagem, pode ter grande utilidade no controle de fluxo de materiais em pequenas empresas, acarretando menores problemas no atendimento de demanda e acumulo de estoques e assim aumentando sua competitividade.

Construindo relações intergeracionais na formação de novos professores: processos de aproximação e de parceria entre professores e estagiários

Esta pesquisa pretende contribuir para a compreensão das relações estabelecidas entre estagiários de cursos de licenciatura e professores da Educação Básica, que os recebem em suas salas de aula. Mais especificamente, tem-se o objetivo de investigar os processos de aprendizagem que ocorrem no encontro entre duas gerações profissionais docentes. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: de que maneira são estruturadas as relações estabelecidas entre professor titular e estagiário na escola, como ocorrem os primeiros contatos entre as duas partes, que vínculos são então estabelecidos e que relações formativas se desenvolvem no cotidiano do estágio. Tais percepções foram propiciadas pelas entrevistas e observações realizadas e analisadas sob ótica das “relações intergeracionais na docência” (SARTI, 2009), que pressupõem atenção especial a algumas categorias, tais como: geração (MANNHEIN, 1982), identidade e ciclo de vida profissional docente (HUMBERMAN, 1992; TARDIF, 2010). A pesquisa possibilitou análises que sugerem que o fator geração profissional deva ser sempre balizado com informações sobre a história de vida profissional dos sujeitos, já que, de acordo com os dados reunidos,tais experiências pessoais exercem influências em suas relações com as novas gerações profissionais. A partir desta investigação, foi possível perceber que as relações intergeracionais na formação docente envolvem fatores sutis e importantes, que dizem respeito a aspectos relativos à geração profissional dos sujeitos, mas também a sua geração social (MANNHEIN, 1982) e ao ciclo de vida profissional docente (HUBERMAN, 1992). Esse conjunto de fatores exercem influências significativas para os contatos formativos entre estagiários e professores experientes no magistério

O corpo do malandro: um estudo sobre as relações entre cultura e processos de subjetivação

Nesta pesquisa estudamos as relações entre cultura e processos de subjetivação a partir da identificação das marcas da chamada cultura da malandragem tal como se expressa por meio da sensibilidade de uma obra de arte. Cartografamos na peça teatral “A ópera do malandro”, de Chico Buarque de Holanda, as marcas do movimento do corpo do malandro que nos permitem identificar a constituição de um princípio ético e de uma escolha estética ao transitar nas fronteiras da marginalidade e da legalidade estabelecidas no interior da cultura brasileira. Estudamos o “corpo” e o “movimento” em uma dimensão política situados na cultura. Para isso assumimos a concepção de cultura como um campo de materialidade configurada por forças em permanente tensão. Investigamos na “Ópera do Malandro” as configurações da subjetividade observando um corpo que aprende a dançar para “não dançar na vida”.

Monitoramento de processos multivariados autocorrelacionados

Technological advances and the availability of computational resources have been facilitating the collection and processing of data. Thus, the natural tendency of the monitoring processes is the simultaneous control of various quality characteristics. In automated processes, observations are generally autocorrelated. Studies with univariate graph for processes have shown that the autocorrelation reduces the ability of this signal changes in the process. In this paper, we study the multivariate autocorrelated processes. Through simulations are obtained properties of graphs, monitoring the mean vector, the properties of graphs VMAX, in monitoring the covariance matrix, and the properties of graphs MCMAX, the simultaneous monitoring of mean vector and covariance matrix. Conclude that increasing the autocorrelation and the number of variables being monitored, reduces the power of the graphics in signal of a special cause

Proposição de um checklist de acompanhamento de processos construtivos habitacionais em wood-frame

The need for housing in Brazil is very large, and despite government efforts to address this issue, the housing deficit is too large. When analyzing markets without this problem, it is concluded that one of the factors that influence this model is the construction adopted by Brazilian society that is in masonry. Alternatively, the system can be used in constructive Wood-frame. To apply this system in Brazil, one can say that the workmanship and the materials available to meet the demand would be created in a short period of adjustments and capabilities, but identifies himself as one of the biggest problems the planning and management of works. And one of the tools for solving this problem is to use a checklist of the activities of constructive process, avoiding forgetting or not aware of the activities necessary to complete the project

Utilização de geotecnologias no monitoramento de processos erosivos e movimentos de massa em trecho da faixa de dutos Rio de Janeiro - Belo Horizonte

The transportation of oil through pipelines raises a concern related to safety and environmental impacts they may cause, especially when exposed to risks that affect their integrity. Among the natural phenomena that can affect the pipelines are erosion and landslides. Considering the large territory involving the pipelines, remote sensing tools have a great applicability for data acquisition. For this, visual analysis techniques were applied to perform change detection in order to monitor erosion features and landslides along a stretch of pipeline Rio de Janeiro – Belo Horizonte, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The work involved the characterization of the study area as well as the erosion and landslide processes, through bibliographical data. The satellite image processing and the application of change detection techniques were developed in two scenes for the years 2002 and 2010. It was noted a small increase in the number of the identified features, however with regard to their area, a decrease of 21.7% was observed

Análise das alterações geomorfológicas decorrentes dos processos de urbanização na bacia hidrográfica do córrego Lavapés, em Rio Claro/SP

In the last 60 years, many Brazilian cities practically doubled their population contingent. As a result of this process, there was an increase on the occupation level on unstable areas, from a physical point of view, and on the anthropogenic interventions at the natural ambient, reorganizing the existent process and forms. Thus, this work shows the results of the analysis of geomorphological changes deriving from urbanization processes at the Lavapés Stream watershed, located at Rio Claro county (SP). The goal of this work was reached by means of historical-evolutionary geomorphological cartography. To achieve this result, it had been prepared geomorphological and land usage charts for the years of 1962, 1988 and 2010, and a declivity chart. Those scenarios have been analyzed from the point of view of the General Systems Theory. The results were attached into an urban use restrictions chart, which allowed identifying the areas that should not be occupied, by geomorphological view and by environmental law restrictions

Recuperação de resíduos plásticos provenientes dos processos de injeção

The competitiveness among global markets, the constant need for reducing manufacturing costs and also the growing environmental commitments are fueling the development of techniques for recovery residual parts generated by industrial processes. Among the various areas of a company, we highlight those that involve the processing of raw materials derived from oil, such as polymers (resins), which may take centuries to decompose in the environment and also present as a economic and environmentally strategic point. Thus, this study would examine the recovery of waste polypropylene, from the injection process of a major multinational in the field of home appliances through the recycling by a process comprising the milling, extrusion and chipping of waste material. Easy to deploy, this proposal aims to reduce levels negligible disposal (scrap) of these residues as well as the reintegration of the production process into pieces no visual and no structural importance, aimed at cutting costs and reducing environmental impacts caused. After the survey data in kilograms of waste material generated in a given period of time, and the study of changes in material properties, it would enable the reuse steadily in the injection process

Estudo de dinâmicas populacionais aplicado a processos de tratamento biológico de efluentes

The purpose of this work is to perform studies of mathematical modeling of the relationship of interaction occurring between microrganisms participants from wastewater treatment processes aimed at understanding, through simulations, such as inter-relationships can affect the performance of such units. The methodology was the implementation in FORTRAN computer language of mathematical models of microbial interactions. The first model addresses the interaction of bacteria-forming flakes and filamentous bacteria in activated sludge systems, which seeks to strike a balance between these bacteria to improve efficiency of the process. Another model is studied the interaction between bacteria and protozoa in activated sludge systems and analyzing the efficiency of the process, observing the changes in daily load. Microbial interactions in anaerobic reactors were dealt a third model, in which there is the mutualistic interaction between acidogenic and methanogenic bacteria. In a fourth and final model was examined the relationship between the bacteria Acinetobacter sp. and Gordonia sp., which are present in activated sludge systems, showing the competitive capacity of Acinetobacter sp. can control the growth of unwanted bacteria.

Melhorias dos processos no setor de expedição em uma transportadora de cargas fracionadas

The transport market has forced organizations reduce the cost of services and processes, resulting from the highly competitive and, for such waste at all levels and processes are a focus of study for its elimination. This study refers to carrier fractional loads, located in the municipality of Itapecerica da Serra Layout and headquartered in São Paulo, which requires a rapid development throughout its structure, because its expansion was not accompanied by an evolution of effective processes. The need to increase efficiency in delivery with a reduced cost of transport forced the company to hire a logistics consulting to help identify potential bottlenecks in processes, suggest improvements with greater impact and implementation at the end of a critical analysis of results. This work focuses on the Layout of the warehouse shipping area of this organization and we used the method of action research to the consultant and involved could reach this conclusion collaboratively, as well as interviews with those involved in the process and also visual observation. Tools such as Key Performance Indicator, Mapping Workflow, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Applied Statistics and Standard Operating Procedure were used to assist in the identification, analysis and implementation of the proposed improvements