Salivary cortisol level and uncooperative behavior in pediatric dental practice

Aim: To investigate the relation between uncooperative behavior and salivary cortisol level in children who underwent preventive dental care. Methods: The sample was composed by 10 children of both sexes aged 40 to 52 months, presenting uncooperative behavior during dental preventive treatments. The saliva collection was performed using a cotton wheel and an Eppendorf tube (Sarstedt Salivete®) in 3 different moments: a) at home, on a day without dental treatment and at the same time on the day of the sessions treatment; b) 30 min after the end of the session, when there was manifestation of uncooperative behavior; c) 30 min after the end of the session, when there was a cooperative behavior of the child. A sample of saliva was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 2400 rpm, 1 of mL of saliva was pipetted in an Eppendorf tube and stored in a freezer at -20 ° C. For the determination of the levels of salivary cortisol was used an Active® kit for cortisol enzyme immunoassay (EIA) DSL-10-67100, composed of specific rabbit antibody anti-cortisol. Data were analyzed statistically for the uncooperative behavior issued in the beginning and at the end of sessions, using the paired t test (p<0.05) and for cortisol levels in saliva samples at home, after the beginning and at the end of sessions, using repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results: During expression of uncooperative behavior in preventive dental care sessions the salivary cortisol level was significantly higher (0.65 ± 0.25 μg/dL) compared with expression of collaborative behavior (0.24 ± 0.10 μg/dL). Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that, even under preventive intervention, the stress must be controlled in order to reduce dental anxiety and fear.

Convergence of gender roles in a globalized world: international comparison of family and gender roles

This paper examines emerging and changing gender roles in different regions of the world. Using data on 12 countries from last three ISSP Special Modules “Family and Changing Gender Roles” (1994, 2002 and 2012), we compare the evolution of gender roles about motherhood and fatherhood and its relation with the extension of women as breadwinners around the world: four Western Europe countries, representatives of different models of Welfare State (Germany, United Kingdom, Norway and Spain) plus United States, three former Soviet nations (Russia, Poland and Czech Republic), two Latin American countries (Chile and Mexico) and two Asian nations (Japan and Taiwan). Data show that family change (measured both in terms of attitudes and social practices) is spreading from Western contexts to other regions of the world, although the pace of this change varies from one country to another, depending on cultural, economic and political factors.

Efeito do aumento da concentração de CO2 atmosférico sobre o controle biológico da ferrugem do cafeeiro por Bacillus pumilus.

O aumento da concentração de dióxido de carbono (CO2) atmosférico previsto para as próximas décadas poderá provocar alterações no manejo de doenças, devido a alteração na microbiota que atua no controle biológico. O agente causal da ferrugem do cafeeiro (Hemileia vastatrix) foi testado com seu antagonista Bacillus pumilus em discos foliares (1,5 cm) em bandejas com, aproximadamente, 380, 430, 700 e 1300 ppm de CO2. O antagonista foi inoculado 24 horas antes e depois da inoculação do patógeno e simultaneamente. As bandejas foram vedadas e incubadas no escuro por 24 horas e, a seguir, mantidas em fotoperíodo de 12 horas, a 22 °C e 100% de umidade relativa, com injeção freqüente de CO2. Após 32 dias, foram iniciadas as avaliações de esporulação nas lesões dos discos foliares. Houve diferença quanto à severidade da doença entre os tratamentos com injeção de CO2, sendo maior na concentração de 700 ppm. Não se obteve diferença entre os períodos de inoculação do antagonista. Nessas condições, o efeito do aumento da concentração de CO2 não interfere na ação do antagonista no controle biológico da ferrugem do cafeeiro.

Guandu BRS Mandarim.

2016

Reassentamentos de famílias em projetos de habitação social: avaliação de procedimentos e resultados do projeto Planalto II, Natal /RN

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Exploits Inflammation to Modify Swine Intestinal Microbiota

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is an important zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen responsible for foodborne disease worldwide. It is a successful enteric pathogen because it has developed virulence strategies allowing it to survive in a highly inflamed intestinal environment exploiting inflammation to overcome colonization resistance provided by intestinal microbiota. In this study, we used piglets featuring an intact microbiota, which naturally develop gastroenteritis, as model for salmonellosis. We compared the effects on the intestinal microbiota induced by a wild type and an attenuated S. Typhimurium in order to evaluate whether the modifications are correlated with the virulence of the strain. This study showed that Salmonella alters microbiota in a virulence-dependent manner. We found that the wild type S. Typhimurium induced inflammation and a reduction of specific protecting microbiota species (SCFA-producing bacteria) normally involved in providing a barrier against pathogens. Both these effects could contribute to impair colonization resistance, increasing the host susceptibility to wild type S. Typhimurium colonization. In contrast, the attenuated S. Typhimurium, which is characterized by a reduced ability to colonize the intestine, and by a very mild inflammatory response, was unable to successfully sustain competition with the microbiota.

Salmonella Typhimurium exploits inflammation to its own advantage in piglets

Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is responsible for foodborne zoonotic infections that, in humans, induce self-limiting gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the wild-type strain S. Typhimurium (STM14028) is able to exploit inflammation fostering an active infection. Due to the similarity between human and porcine diseases induced by S. Typhimurium, we used piglets as a model for salmonellosis and gastrointestinal research. This study showed that STM14028 is able to efficiently colonize in vitro porcine mono-macrophages and intestinal columnar epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells, and that the colonization significantly increases with LPS pre-treatment. This increase was then reversed by inhibiting the LPS stimulation through LPS antagonist, confirming an active role of LPS stimulation in STM14028-intracellular colonization. Moreover, LPS in vivo treatment increased cytokines blood level and body temperature at 4 h post infection, which is consistent with an acute inflammatory stimulus, capable to influence the colonization of STM14028 in different organs and tissues. The present study proves for the first time that in acute enteric salmonellosis, S. Typhimurium exploits inflammation for its benefit in piglets.

Natural Bagaza virus infection in game birds in southern Spain

In late summer 2010 a mosquito born flavivirus not previously reported in Europe called Bagaza virus (BAGV) caused high mortality in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). We studied clinical findings, lesions and viral antigen distribution in naturally BAGV infected game birds in order to understand the apparently higher impact on red-legged partridges. The disease induced neurologic signs in the two galliform species and, to a lesser extent, in common wood pigeons (Columba palumbus). In red-legged partridges infection by BAGV caused severe haemosiderosis in the liver and spleen that was absent in pheasants and less evident in common wood pigeons. Also, BAGV antigen was present in vascular endothelium in multiple organs in red-legged partridges, and in the spleen in common wood pigeons, while in ring-necked pheasants it was only detected in neurons and glial cells in the brain. These findings indicate tropism of BAGV for endothelial cells and a severe haemolytic process in red-legged partridges in addition to the central nervous lesions that were found in all three species.

Lise celular mecânico por irradiação ultrassônica e cultivo de microalgas.

2016

Redução de ganho de peso corporal em camundongos com dieta suplementada com microalgas.

2016

MUDANÇAS NA HIDROGRAFIA DA BACIA DO ARROIO CASTELHANO, RS, BRASIL, ENTRE AS DÉCADAS DE 1980 E 2010

Este trabalho avalia as intervenções humanas na rede de drenagem da Bacia hidrográfica do arroio Castelhano, RS, Brasil. Nesta bacia de 675,3 km2 e com 66% de sua área no município de Venâncio Aires, tradicionalmente ocupada por pequenas propriedades sem maiores intervenções para o aproveitamento ou o descarte dos recursos hídricos, a modernização agrícola e o crescimento urbano a partir da década de1970, começaram a demandar controles dos regimes hidrológicos. Registros documentaram obras do PROVÁRZEAS e do DNOS, nas décadas de 1980 e 1990 e a análise em SIG de mapas da década de 1970 e imagem de satélite de 2007 mostrou que a hidrografia foi toda rearranjada: o arroio Grande I teve a extensão do seu baixo curso reduzida em 23%, enquanto o arroio Castelhano sofreu uma redução de 30%, devido a canalizações na sua várzea. A intervenção humana nos canais de drenagem alterou a dinâmica do curso principal, de tal forma que concordamos com Pigeon (2005) quando afirma que as sociedades são apenas parcialmente vítimas dos perigos naturais, pois elas preparam consideravelmente seu próprio risco.

Machine Learning Unsupervised Methods in the Design of an On-board Health Monitoring System for Satellite Applications

The dissertation starts by providing a description of the phenomena related to the increasing importance recently acquired by satellite applications. The spread of such technology comes with implications, such as an increase in maintenance cost, from which derives the interest in developing advanced techniques that favor an augmented autonomy of spacecrafts in health monitoring. Machine learning techniques are widely employed to lay a foundation for effective systems specialized in fault detection by examining telemetry data. Telemetry consists of a considerable amount of information; therefore, the adopted algorithms must be able to handle multivariate data while facing the limitations imposed by on-board hardware features. In the framework of outlier detection, the dissertation addresses the topic of unsupervised machine learning methods. In the unsupervised scenario, lack of prior knowledge of the data behavior is assumed. In the specific, two models are brought to attention, namely Local Outlier Factor and One-Class Support Vector Machines. Their performances are compared in terms of both the achieved prediction accuracy and the equivalent computational cost. Both models are trained and tested upon the same sets of time series data in a variety of settings, finalized at gaining insights on the effect of the increase in dimensionality. The obtained results allow to claim that both models, combined with a proper tuning of their characteristic parameters, successfully comply with the role of outlier detectors in multivariate time series data. Nevertheless, under this specific context, Local Outlier Factor results to be outperforming One-Class SVM, in that it proves to be more stable over a wider range of input parameter values. This property is especially valuable in unsupervised learning since it suggests that the model is keen to adapting to unforeseen patterns.

Unveiling the unknown of cool stars with high-resolution spectroscopy

Cool giant and supergiant stars are among the brightest populations in any stellar system and they are easily observable out to large distances, especially at infrared wavelengths. These stars also dominate the integrated light of star clusters in a wide range of ages, making them powerful tracers of stellar populations in more distant galaxies. High-resolution near-IR spectroscopy is a key tool for quantitatively investigating their kinematic, evolutionary and chemical properties. However, the systematic exploration and calibration of the NIR spectral diagnostics to study these cool stellar populations based on high-resolution spectroscopy is still in its pioneering stage. Any effort to make progress in the field is innovative and of impact on stellar archaeology and stellar evolution. This PhD project takes the challenge of exploring that new parameter space and characterizing the physical properties, the chemical content and the kinematics of cool giants and supergiants in selected disc fields and clusters of our Galaxy, with the ultimate goal of tracing their past and recent star formation and chemical enrichment history. By using optical HARPS-N and near-infrared GIANO-B high-resolution stellar spectra in the context of the large program SPA-Stellar Population Astrophysics: the detailed, age-resolved chemistry of the Milky Way disk” (PI L. Origlia), an extensive study of Arcturus, a standard calibrator for red giant stars, has been performed. New diagnostics of stellar parameters as well as optimal linelists for chemical analysis have been provided. Then, such diagnostics have been used to determine evolutionary properties, detailed chemical abundances of almost 30 different elements and mixing processes of a homogeneous sample of red supergiant stars in the Perseus complex.

La User Experience nel design di applicazioni Web - Il modulo diete Nutribook

In epoca contemporanea, la tecnologia ha subito una diffusione massiva e ha pervaso ogni ambito della vita dell’uomo, che sia esso scolastico, lavorativo, o ludico, cambiandone così radicalmente lo stile di vita sotto tutti i punti di vista. Sono infatti numerosissimi gli strumenti informatici che ad oggi supportano l'esercizio della maggior parte delle professioni, e che risultano peraltro ogni giorno più accurati e potenti: questo è il caso di Nutribook, un software gestionale in-cloud pensato per assistere i professionisti del mondo della nutrizione (Biologi Nutrizionisti, Dietologi, Dietisti) nelle attività quotidiane di visita dei pazienti e nell’organizzazione della propria agenda. Nell'ottica di poter offrire agli utenti un servizio sempre più esteso, il presente elaborato riporta il progetto di tesi svolto presso Deasoft s.r.l., azienda proprietaria di Nutribook, volto ad integrare tale software con un modulo dedicato all’attività di elaborazione di diete e piani alimentari. L'obiettivo principale del progetto presentato nell’elaborato risiede non solo nell'aspetto realizzativo del prodotto, ma anche nel tentativo di renderne la fruizione da parte dell'utente target il più possibile semplice, intuitiva e soddisfacente, mediante tecniche di potenziamento della User Experience. Il tirocinio per la redazione della presente tesi, nato a partire dall’esperienza di tirocinio curricolare, ha previsto come attività principali la conduzione di studi approfonditi in materia di User Experience, la partecipazione alla fase di analisi del dominio e dei requisiti e, infine, la collaborazione al design delle interfacce da realizzare mediante prototipi.

Rastreamento da deficiência visual em crianças do ensino fundamental de uma escola do município de São João de Meriti – RJ

A deficiência visual em crianças foi uma questão muito evidenciada nas consultas da equipe de Estratégia de Saúde da Família da USF de Parque Alian, em São João de Meriti - RJ, configurando uma importante questão de saúde pública, motivo de abandono/evasão por baixo rendimento escolar. Este projeto tem como base o projeto OLHAR BRASIL, criado pelo Ministério da Saúde em parceria com o Ministério da Educação, que visa a detecção precoce de alterações visuais em locais onde a população apresenta dificuldade de acesso às consultas oftalmológicas. Objetivo: Detectar precocemente qualquer possível deficiência na acuidade visual dos escolares, a fim de encaminhá-los, o mais rápido possível, ao serviço público. Métodos: Estudo realizado com amostra de escolares do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Municipal Profa. Lígia da Silva França, adscrita ao território da Equipe de Saúde da Família da USF de Parque Alian, no município de São João de Meriti, RJ. O exame de acuidade visual (AV) foi realizado com a aplicação da Escala de Snellen. Resultados: Foram analisados 67 estudantes de uma escola pública municipal. Em relação à acuidade visual, 73% dos alunos apresentaram AV alterada. Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere a existência de uma alta prevalência de baixa acuidade visual nas crianças o que requer maior atenção e prestação de cuidado longitudinal por parte dos profissionais da USF Parque Alian, visando a identificação precoce e o tratamento dessas crianças.