Eletrocardiograma em cães: revisão

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important tool used in the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias, since it gives the graphic representation of depolarization and repolarization processes of the cardiac muscle. This study allows recording the electrical activity of myocardial cells and the underlying differences in electric potential: the magnitude of this difference is measured in millivolts (mV), and its duration is measured in seconds. The ECG is indicated when an irregular rhythm is detected during physical examination, such as bradycardias, tachycardias or arrhythmias that are not secondary to breathing, in animals with a history of syncope or weakness, for monitoring the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic therapy, in cases of putative pleural or pericardial effusion, and also in systemic diseases that lead to arrhythmia. For a reliable assessment, the ECG must be evaluated in conjunction with findings from the physical examination and clinical signs of each patient.

Hiperadrenocorticismo em cães: revisão

Hyperadrenocorticism is a relatively common endocrinopathy in dogs, which is associated to an excessive production or administration of cortisol. The most affected breeds are Poodles, Teckels, Boxers, Boston Terriers and Beagles. The clinical signs most commonly observed are polyuria, polydipsia, polyfagia, panting, distended abdomen, endocrine alopecia, muscular weakness and lethargy. Laboratorial abnormalities include stress leukogram, increase in alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities, hypercholesterolemia, lipemia, hyperglycemia and hyposthenuria. The preferred essay to evaluate adrenal gland function is the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, whereas the most used treatments include mitotane and trilostane. The objective of this paper is to review hyperadrenocorticism in dogs, because this disease is relatively common in small animal clinics and has many long-term complications.

Monitoramento microbiológico da mastite ovina na região de Bauru - SP

Mastitis is an acute or a chronic inflammation of the udder, represented for physical, chemical and bacteriological milk alterations. It is notable that ovine milk represents high economic importance, and it can be used in the production of cheeses and other derivates, contributing for the farmer’s recipe enlargement. However, the mastitis in animals can determine the reduction of milk quantity and quality in infected animals. This may determine lambs’ weight loss and increase animal’s mortality. By the other hand, considering Public Health issues, mastitis can cause milk nutrients losses and promote the microorganisms’ multiplication that may lead to diarrheas and to other zoonosis in humans. This study aimed to evaluate 159 sheep mastitis status in 20 small farms located in Bauru (SP) region. Of the 309 colected samples, in 97 (31.4%) were isolated microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus sp., which them 27.5% being coagulase negative Staphylococcus and 3.9% coagulase positive Staphylococcus. Of 177 isolates, 97 (54.8%) were represented by the genus Staphylococcus sp., which them 57 (58.8%) from pure culture and 40 (41.2%) in association. Most agents isolated were sensitive to antibiotics used in the test. Thus, we could verify the isolation of infectious microorganisms such as coagulase positive and negative Staphylococcus and, as well in dairy cattle, preventive measures to obtain hygienic milk are extremely important in order to get a final product with quality and safe in food and microbiological point of view.

Utilização do choque osmótico na avaliação da viabilidade de sêmen criopreservado de ovinos

This study evaluated the use of hipoosmotic swelling test (HOST) with deionized water (0 mOsmol), as a method of post thaw ram semen evaluation and correlate their findings with different techniques of semen evaluation. Therefore, twenty semen samples of 20 different adult rams were assessed as for kinetic sperm parameters through computerized system (IVOS 12, Hamiton Thorn Biosciences, Beverly, MA, EUA) and subjective analysis. The sperm membranes viability was carried out by the association of fluorescent probes (propidium iodide, JC-1 and FITC-PSA). The structural integrity of the plasma membrane was also studied through supravital test with eosin and the functional integrity of membrane evaluated by doing the hipoosmotic swelling test with deionized water (0 mOsmol), in the following proportions: One part of semen for 10 (HOST 10), 50 (HOST 50) and 100 (HOST 100) parts of water. After semen dilution in the different proportions it was fixed in formalin-buffered saline and analyzed with regard to percentage of HOST reactive sperm (bent/coiled). The percentage of reaction obtained for HOST 10 (33,1%); HOST 50 (32,8%) and HOST 100 (31,8%) did not differ significantly. HOST 10 presented positive correlation with the plasma membrane integrity by the EOS (r = 0,80; p < 0,05). Positive correlations between HOST 50 and HOST 100 with sperm subpopulation with membrane integrity by fluorescence were observed (r = 0,83 and r = 0,85; p < 0,01). The findings suggest that the HOST with deionized water can provide additional information for post thawing ram sperm viability evaluation.

Orquiepididimite causada por Corynebacterium sp e Proteus mirabilis em cordeiro da raça Lacaune: relato de caso

Orchiepididymitis is the inflammation of both, testis and epididymis and may be caused by microbial agents such as Brucella ovis. Thus, the aim of the present report is to present a case of orchiepididymitis in a Lacaune ram with unilateral testicular enlargement. Ultrasonography of the testis revealed the presence of a circular hypoechogenic structure adjacent to the testicular parenchyma. Corynebacterium sp was isolated from the surgically removed testis. Two months after removal of the affected testis, the animal returned to the Veterinary Hospital due to an enlargement of the remaining testis. A new ultrasonographic exam revealed the presence of abscesses in the testicular parenchyma and periorchitis. After orchiectomy, Proteus mirabilis was isolated from the material.

Trehalose and a calcium chelator for ram semen cryopreservation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Perda de matéria seca em grãos de milho submetidos a sistemas de secagem natural e artificial.

The permanence of the corn grain in the field, after physiological maturity, is an important cause of crop losses, both in quantitative and qualitative aspect. By ceasing the supply of assimilated substances to grains, due to physiological maturity, the synthesis reactions are overcome by breathing, responsible for the maintenance of the living tissues of the grains, which occur at the expense of reserves accumulated during grain formation. In addition, there are losses from fungus and insects attack due to adverse weather conditions. Technological advances in recent decades, the develop of grain dryers with different capacities and efficiencies, has led to the early withdrawal of the product from the field, still damp, reducing spoilage. Moreover, the use of artificial drying systems can represent a significant cost to the producer. Thus, the present work aimed to study the effect of natural and artificial methods of drying on maize dry matter losses, for Botucatu, city of Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The cornfield production was conducted at the Experimental Farm “Lageado” and the experimental treatments were conducted in the Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, in the Department of Rural Engineering, where the drying systems were tested. The treatments were: shade (control), artificial with heated air, artificial unheated air and, drying attached to the plant. The following analyzes for quality monitoring were performed: weight test, thousand-grain weight test and, grain dry weight. The results showed significant loss in quality of drying beans attached to the plant, by assessing the dry matter loss and by the variation of the grain weight. The weight test showed that the worst performance was the artificial with heated air treatment. We used mathematical modeling techniques to describe the dry matter loss and adjusted the mathematical model to the experimental data analyzed. From the experimental data obtained during drying the grain attached to the plant, it was still possible to fit a regression model that estimates the loss of grain dry matter under the climate from Botucatu during the 2011/2012 harvest period.

Método simples para quantificar o metabolismo aeróbio e aneróbio de levedura alcoólica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Irradiação e atmosfera modificada passiva na qualidade pós-colheita de goiabas 'Pedro Sato'

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation associated with modified atmosphere on postharvest quality of guavas ‘Pedro Sato’. It was used guavas from the region of Vista Alegre do Alto/São Paulo/Brazil. After harvest, the fruits were immediately transported to the Fruit and Vegetables Laboratory from the Agroindustrial Management and Technology Department, Agronomic Sciences College - UNESP - Botucatu / SP, where they were kept at 10 ° C and 90-95% RH in cold storage, for 28 days. It was used the randomized design, with factorial scheme 5 x 5, three repetitions. The first factor consisted of the following effects: control 1 (without package or irradiation), control 2 (polystyrene package/PS + package low density polyethylene/LDPE and without irradiation), treatment 1 (PS + LDPE and 0.2 kGy ), treatment 2 (PS + LDPE and 0.6 kGy) and treatment 3 (PS + LDPE and 1.0 kGy). The second factor consisted of the evaluation periods: 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The analyses were: firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index, pH, respiration rate. Concluded that high doses of irradiation promoted a negative effect on physical-chemical characteristics of guava ‘Pedro Sato’, verifying that only the lowest dose associated with modified atmosphere provided fruits with higher quality and acceptability, due to higher maturation rate and soluble solids obtained. Regarding the days of analysis, there were no positive effect of the treatments during storage, where only the early days promoted better values for the variables studied.

Qualidade pós-colheita de abacates "hass" mantidos em temperatura ambiente e tratados com diferentes radiações

This study aimed the avocado ‘Hass’ conservation with the use of radiation. We performed two experiments: Experiment I – fruits irradiated with different doses of cobalt-60 gamma irradiation(0,0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6 e 1,0 kGy); Experiment II – fruit irradiated by electron accelerator in different doses (0,0; 0,48; 0,8; 1,12 e 1,45 MeV), both maintained at room temperature of 21±1 °C and at relative humidity of 79±5 %. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, fresh weight loss, and respiration rate evaluation were performed every three days for 12 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with three replicates per treatment. For statistical analysis, the Tukey test at 5% probability was employed. Under the conditions in which the experiments were performed, the results showed that the gamma radiation use retained the fruits for 12 days, regardless the doses applied. The radiation by electron accelerator use also promote the fruits preservation, regardless the doses employed.

Conservação de goiabas ‘Pedro Sato’ minimamente processadas e irradiadas

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation associated with modified atmosphere in cold storage of guava ‘Pedro Sato’ minimally processed, checking their physical-chemical characteristics. Were used guavas from the region of Vista Alegre do Alto/São Paulo/Brazil. After harvest, fruits were immediately transported to the Fruit and Vegetables Laboratory from the Agroindustrial Management and Technology Department, Agronomic Sciences College - UNESP - Botucatu / SP, where they were kept at 10 ° C and 90-95% RH in cold storage, for 12 days. In the laboratory, fruits were selected by size and lack of defects in order to standardize the lot and then were cut into slices 0.5 cm thick. We used the completely randomized design, with factorial design 5 x 5, with three replications. The first factor consisted of the following effects: control 1 (without package or irradiation), control 2 (polystyrene package/PS + package low density polyethylene/LDPE and without irradiation), treatment 1 (PS + LDPE and 0.2 kGy ), treatment 2 (PS + LDPE and 0.6 kGy) and treatment 3 (PS + LDPE and 1.0 kGy). The second factor consisted of the evaluation periods: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The analyses were: firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index, pH, breathing behavior. In the end of this work it was concluded that the lower dose of radiation associated with modified atmosphere promoted positive effect on physical-chemical characteristics of guava ‘Pedro Sato’, providing fruits with higher quality and durability, due to higher maintenance of pulp firmness, the highest pH and soluble solids obtained. Regarding the storage days, there were no beneficial effect of the treatments during storage, mainly due to the sensitivity of fruits submitted to gamma irradiation, where only the early days provided better values for the variables.

Quantificação do metabolismo aeróbio e anaeróbio de levedura alcoólica por método estequiométrico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação das técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e histologia para análise de mixozoários parasitos de peixes do Rio Batalha, médio Rio Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Emissão de gases do efeito estufa e estoque de carbono no sistema solo-planta em área com aplicação superficial de calcário e gesso em experimento de longa duração

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Dinâmica de corpos lúteos em protocolos com redução da dose de FSH na superovulação em ovelhas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)