Elabora����o de um Jogo Digital Educacional sobre Saúde Bucal Direcionado para a Popula����o Infantil

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an educational oral health digital game for 5-to-7-year-old children. Method: The game, called ���Dr. Trata Dente���, was based on the approach to three different oral health-related topics: a) bacterial plaque and the main diseases caused by it; b) oral hygiene methods for bacterial plaque control; c) dental caries and preventive measures for this disease. These topics were discussed in sequential order in three different stages of the game. Dr. Trata Dente is represented by the figure of a little super-hero dentist, who talks to the children about oral health during the game. The game is sub-divided according to its propositions to the children, into an association game, a memory game and a coloring game. After its development, the game was evaluated by three professionals of each of the following areas: Dentistry, Pedagogy and Psychology (n=9), who verified the suitability of the concepts presented in the game as regards oral health, linguistic abilities worked with the children, fulfillment of the intended didactic criteria, and the playful aspect of the game. Results: According to the dentists, the dental concepts presented in the game are adequate. According to the pedagogues, the choice of a super-hero was correct and the given explanations are well elaborated, organized and have accessible language, although long. For the psychologists, the game has a potential positive effect on the children���s learning, but there should be more interaction of the character with the children. After this evaluation, changes were made in the game according to the professionals��� suggestions. Conclusion: It was concluded that in spite of the suggested alterations, the game is suitable for teaching oral health by means of children���s play.

Conhecimento odontol��gico de adultos atendidos em uma unidade de saúde da fam��lia do munic��pio de S��o Carlos, Brasil

The Family Health Strategy is a primary care public policy that is becoming a decisive step towards the transformation of the Brazilian healthcare model. This study evaluated the dental knowledge among individuals who attended a Family-Health Unit (FHU) in the city of S��o Carlos, SP, Brazil. Methods: The evaluation was based on a questionnaire with 20 questions about oral health, prevention and development of dental caries and periodontal disease. The questionnaire was given to 168 individuals, over 18 years of age and both sexes, to fill out under the supervision of a trained dentist. After data collection, the answers contained in the original questionnaires were entered into a database built using the program Excel�� (Microsoft Corporation, USA) and a descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: 66.67% of the subjects reported having received information about dental caries and periodontal disease before attending the FHU, and dentists were cited as the main source of such information (60.71%). With regard to dental caries, 70.24% of the individuals stated that they knew about the subject, but the majority of answers revealed incorrect explanation of it. The multifactorial etiology (bacteria/sugar/poor hygiene) was not mentioned. A low percentage of subjects (24.40%) claimed to know what periodontal disease is, and of these, the highest percentage of responses was related to gingivitis (26.83%) and gingival bleeding (12.20%). Out of all subjects, 80.36% affirmed that oral hygiene is important, and among them, the main reasons cited were the maintenance of oral health (29.63%), to avoid diseases (16.30%) and to preserve and prevent disease (14.81%). Conclusion: Responses from the questionnaires revealed deficient dental knowledge among the individuals. To improve the understanding about this issue, the information obtained through the questionnaire can be used to develop educational programs that will focus specifically on the major deficiencies found.

Promo����o de Saúde Bucal em Beb��s

This study is a literature review about promotion of oral health in babies and it discusses the importance of early preventive treatment. The conclusions are: 1 - The early treatment aims to reduce the dental caries prevalence in babies and to make familiar the dentistry��s office. It is important the creation of oral habits in children and in their parents. 2 - The high prevalence of dental caries in babies shows the necessity of programs with health promotion in the first infancy. The aim is to keep the oral health of these children. 3 - The success of the oral health promotion in babies depends on the awareness of the parents about the importance of oral hygiene. This fact must be considered during the planning and development of programs to this age.

Associa����o dos fatores de risco para doen��as cardiovasculares e qualidade de vida entre servidores da saúde

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

O surgimento das pr��ticas de assist��ncia �� saúde mental da crian��a inspiradas na psican��lise no in��cio do s��culo XX atrav��s da obra de Durval Bellegard Marcondes

Psychoanalysis was introduced in Brazil since 1920 contributing to the appearance of new practices of health care for the child. Therefore, the present article aims to discuss the link between psychoanalysis and practices focused on children's mental health that emerged from the 1930s through the work of Durval Marcondes, a pioneer in the dissemination and use of psychoanalysis in Brazil. A historical research was held from a survey on Durval Marcondes���s work and the team led by him confined in the epigraph theme. It was found from that work that the link between mental hygiene, new school and psychoanalysis developed a pioneering service of care to children with school problems based on the diagnostic evaluation and guidance of parents and teachers. It is concluded that this work introduced the differentiation between children with cognitive and emotional problems and provided the foundations of psychoeducational and psycodiagnostic interventions.

O impacto dos agrot��xicos ao meio ambiente e os reflexos jur��dicos �� saúde dos trabalhadores rurais

P��s-gradua����o em Direito - FCHS

Qualidade de vida relacionada �� saúde em pacientes acometidos por doen��a inflamat��ria intestinal tratados com terapia biol��gica

P��s-gradua����o em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Preven����o do tabagismo na gravidez: import��ncia do conhecimento materno sobre os malef��cios para a saúde e op����es de tratamento dispon��veis

Objetivo: Examinar o padr��o de consumo do tabaco e conhecimentos sobre as doen��as relacionadas ao tabaco, assim como identificar os tipos mais populares de m��dias entre gestantes para aprimorar estrat��gias para a preven����o e a cessa����o do tabagismo entre essas mulheres. M��todos: Estudo transversal com 61 gestantes atendidas em um hospital universit��rio e em unidades b��sicas de saúde em Botucatu, SP. A Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depress��o foi aplicada a todas as participantes. Para aquelas com hist��ria de tabagismo, tamb��m foi aplicado o Teste de Fagerstr��m para Depend��ncia de Nicotina, e foi avaliado o grau de motiva����o para cessa����o tab��gica nas fumantes. Resultados: Das 61 gestantes avaliadas, 25 (40,9%) eram fumantes (m��dia de idade, 26,4 �� 7,4 anos), 24 (39,3%) eram ex-fumantes (m��dia de idade, 26,4 �� 8,3 anos), e 12 (19,8%) nunca fumaram (m��dia de idade, 25,1 �� 7,2 anos). A exposi����o passiva foi relatada por 39 gestantes (63,9%). Das 49 fumantes/ex-fumantes, 13 (29,6%) conheciam as consequ��ncias pulmonares do tabagismo; somente 2 (4,9%) conheciam os riscos cardiovasculares; 23 (46,9%) acreditavam que fumar n��o causa nenhum problema para o feto ou o rec��m-nascido; 21 (42,9%) consumiram ��lcool durante a gesta����o; 18 (36,7%) relataram aumento no consumo de cigarros quando bebiam; 25 (51,0%) experimentaram cigarros com sabores; e 12 (24,5%) fumaram narguil��. Entre as 61 gestantes avaliadas, a televis��o foi o tipo de m��dia mais dispon��vel e favorita (85,2%), assim como a mais preferida (49,2%). Conclus��es: Entre gestantes, o fumo ativo, o fumo passivo e o uso de formas alternativas de consumo de tabaco parecem ser altamente prevalentes, e tais mulheres parecem possuir poucos conhecimentos sobre as consequ��ncias do uso de tabaco. Programas educacionais que incluam informa����es sobre as consequ��ncias de todas as formas de uso de tabaco, utilizando formatos novos e efetivos para esta popula����o espec��fica, devem ser desenvolvidos para promover a preven����o/cessa����o do tabagismo entre gestantes. Amostras adicionais para explorar diferen��as culturais e regionais s��o necess��rias.

Exerc��cio f��sico e fatores de risco cardiovasculares em mulheres obesas na p��s-menopausa

Introduction: physical exercise has been recommended as a non-pharmacological, therapeutic strategy in the treatment of important cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: to analyze the impact of an exercise program, tailored to the reality of the Family Health Units (FHU), on body composition, cardiovascular risk factors and Framingham score in obese postmenopausal. Methods: 70 women between 50 and 79 years, sedentary, obese and without menstruating for at least twelve months, were randomly assigned to a trained group (TG) (n = 35) and an untrained (GnT) (n = 35). The GT took 20 weeks of a physical exercise program with three weekly sessions, consisting of monitoring activities and heating (10 minutes), 25 minutes of exercise flexibility and strength, 50 minute walk with intensity between 50-65% of VO2max and 5-minute cool-down. The GnT was instructed to maintain their normal activities. Results: TG showed significant reductions in body mass index (30,1+3,7 vs. 29,3+3,7; p=0,0001), waist circumference (93,3+10,3 vs. 89,1+10,4; p=0,0001), percentage of fat (54,2+2,9 vs. 53,2+3,3; p=0,0001), systolic blood pressure (128,0+14,6 vs. 119,2+10,3; p=0,0001), triglycerides (148,4+66,1 vs. 122,8+40,7; p=0,006), VLDL cholesterol (29,7+13,2 vs. 24,5+8,0; p=0,005) and Framingham score (13,08+4,0 vs. 11,77+4,1; p=0,010). In the untrained group were observed significant increases in the percentage of fat (55,0+4,0 vs. 57,0+3,8; p=0,0001), systolic blood pressure (128,6+10,5 vs. 133,7+12,0; p=0,001), fasting glucose (95,2+18,4 vs. 113,7+28,8; p=0,001) and Framingham score (12,82+3,2 vs. 13,91+4,0; p=0,043), but also decreases levels of HDL cholesterol (55,1+10,5 vs. 51,7+11,0; p=0,017). Conclusion: the exercise program, adapted to the conditions of FHU, was effective in reducing cardiovascular risk factors in obese postmenopausal women served by the SUS program.

Educa����o em saúde para aten����o �� gestante: paralelo de experi��ncias entre Brasil e Portugal

Care practices have raised some questions concerning the attention given to women, specifically when it comes to issues of extreme importance in Public Health's approach of pre-natal care. The present study intends to discuss the scope and challenges of the integral care in maternal health, taking into consideration the experiences of one of the authors in the health scenarios from both Brazil and Portugal. A comparative analysis was conducted on the format of the pre-natal classes offered to groups of pregnant women, a frequent practice of Primary Care in both countries. The method of participant observation of two groups of pregnant women, one in each country was used. The organization of each group is presented and evaluated regarding its methodological and practical settings. The analysis of the experiences indicates that both groups can be considered as informative or educative, since the chosen methodology and structure was formed by lectures with predefined themes; there was reduced reflection and empowerment possibilities, due to the fragmented presentation form, and this could also mean diminished reflection on the changes of the feminine role. It is thus concluded that the need for offering care for women in different periods of their lives should include a continuous fight for an amplified and integral approach, with emphasis in the care network and in health promotion.

Preval��ncia de coinfec����o e fatores associados ao Papilomav��rus Humano (HPV) e �� Chlamydia tracomatis em mulheres em idade reprodutiva atendidas em Program de Preven��ao de C��ncer do Colo Uterino na regi��o sudeste do Brasil: sub-titulo / (se houver)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

O consumo de latic��nios est�� associado �� redu����o de triglicer��dios e altera����es na composi����o corporal de mulheres com sobrepeso e obesidade: um estudo de interven����o de 12 semanas

P��s-gradua����o em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Pr��tica de atividades f��sicas, doen��as cr��nicas n��o transmiss��veis e mortalidade entre adultos usu��rios da aten����o prim��ria do sistema p��blico de saúde de Bauru, S��o Paulo: estudo longitudinal

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Saúde bucal e educa����o infantil: avalia����o do desgaste e do acondicionamento de escovas dent��rias utilizadas por pr��-escolares

Introduction: Early childhood is an essential phase of life for the future of oral health. The link between educational and health sectors can facilitate incorporating educational and preventive oral health practices in daily teaching in pre-schools. The main measure is manual tooth-brushing, which is the most accessible method for most of the population. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate macroscopically the wear on the bristles, form of storage, and identification of tooth brushes. Material and method: 345 toothbrushes used by children between the ages of 2 and 5 were evaluated in 4 pre-schools, by 2 participants from the oral health program. The Rawls��et��al. index was used to evaluate the bristles. Result: There were statistically significant differences (p��=��0.020��-��Mann-Whitney U test) between the frequency of toothbrushes, with the highest being (n��=��205) stored at participating school; and, between adequate and inadequate brushes (p��<��0.05��-��X2 test) with 31.7 and 60%, respectively, classified as unfit for tooth-brushing. Of the toothbrush holders evaluated 100% were used collectively. Regarding identification, 18% of the toothbrushes were not identified in participating schools, and 37% in the others. Conclusion: The toothbrushes exhibited marked wear, and storage was inadequate; however, the��schools participating in the��oral health program��showed toothbrushes��with bristles��less��worn. It is suggested that training of educators regarding correct storage and evaluation of toothbrushes for wear of the bristles should be undertaken in all early childhood schools.

Preval��ncia de c��rie dent��ria em gestantes atendidas no Sistema ��nico de Saúde em munic��pio paulista

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dental caries prevalence and the use and needs of dental prosthetic in pregnant women attending in the National Health System in northwestern city of S��o Paulo state. The sample involved women, between 3 and 9 months of gestation, who were taking prenatal care in Health Units. Those who consented (n = 119) were examined and interviewed by calibrated dentists. We used the DMF-T index and indicators of the use and needs of dental prosthetic. The average age of the pregnant women was 24.7 years, the majority brown (48.7%) with complete high school (60.5%). The average DMFT was 11.7 and 25.2% and 46.2% of them require upper and lower prosthesis, respectively. The oral health indices showed a high DMT-F and great need for dental prostheses. The results show the need for actions directed, with the aim of to improve the specialized attention to the health of mothers and their babies.