Current trends in modeling hostpathogen interactions

The rapid emergence of infectious diseases calls for immediate attention to determine practical solutions for intervention strategies. To this end, it becomes necessary to obtain a holistic view of the complex hostpathogen interactome. Advances in omics and related technology have resulted in massive generation of data for the interacting systems at unprecedented levels of detail. Systems-level studies with the aid of mathematical tools contribute to a deeper understanding of biological systems, where intuitive reasoning alone does not suffice. In this review, we discuss different aspects of hostpathogen interactions (HPIs) and the available data resources and tools used to study them. We discuss in detail models of HPIs at various levels of abstraction, along with their applications and limitations. We also enlist a few case studies, which incorporate different modeling approaches, providing significant insights into disease. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Dependence of ``critical cloud fraction' on aerosol composition

Recent studies, over regions influenced by biomass burning aerosol, have shown that it is possible to define a critical cloud fraction' (CCF) at which the aerosol direct radiative forcing switch from a cooling to a warming effect. Using 4 years of multi-satellite data analysis, we show that CCF varies with aerosol composition and changed from 0.28 to 0.13 from postmonsoon to winter as a result of shift from less absorbing to moderately absorbing aerosol. Our results indicate that we can estimate aerosol absorption from space using independently measured top of the atmosphere (TOA) fluxes Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization-Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer-Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CALIPSO-MODIS-CERES)] combined algorithms for example.

Query Click and Text Similarity Graph for Query Suggestions

Query suggestion is an important feature of the search engine with the explosive and diverse growth of web contents. Different kind of suggestions like query, image, movies, music and book etc. are used every day. Various types of data sources are used for the suggestions. If we model the data into various kinds of graphs then we can build a general method for any suggestions. In this paper, we have proposed a general method for query suggestion by combining two graphs: (1) query click graph which captures the relationship between queries frequently clicked on common URLs and (2) query text similarity graph which finds the similarity between two queries using Jaccard similarity. The proposed method provides literally as well as semantically relevant queries for users' need. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms heat diffusion method by providing more number of relevant queries. It can be used for recommendation tasks like query, image, and product suggestion.

Técnicas multivariantes de apoyo a la gestión del conocimiento

La tesis contiene 4 capítulos principales. El primero de ellos recapitula sobre el concepto de data mining y su tipología, desde la perspectiva del análisis de datos de encuestas. Se realiza una clasificación entre técnicas exploratorias y técnicas predictivas, poniendo el énfasis en los análisis de componentes, de correspondencias simples, múltiples y clasificación, por un lado, y la metodología PLS path modelling y modelos Logit por otro. En el siguiente capítulo se realiza una aplicación de los métodos anteriores sobre los datos obtenidos de una encuesta on-line sobre satisfacción respecto a una institución y la viabilidad de una tienda de productos corporativos con el logotipo de la misma, comparando los resultados de las diferentes técnicas empleadas. El siguiente capítulo trata sobre una técnica relacionada con las técnicas exploratorias expuestas anteriormente que tiene que ver con la situación que se produce cuando se quieren analizar varias tablas de datos simultáneamente y de forma equilibrada. En particular trata sobre el problema que se presenta cuando esas tablas contienen distintos y distinto número de individuos. Se presenta una modificación del método original que permite dicho análisis y cuya efectividad es probada mediante un pequeño ejercicio de simulación así como el análisis práctico de una encuesta real sobre desigualdad social en un conjunto de 10 países diferentes. Para acabar, el último capítulo considera el caso en el que se quieren analizar respuestas a diferentes tipos de preguntas en un análisis de tipo exploratorio. En particular, cuando las preguntas dan lugar a variables continuas, categóricas y frecuencias provenientes de corpus textuales generados a partir de las respuestas a una pregunta abierta. Se considera en concreto la situación producida cuando existen dos tipos de entrevistados diferenciados por el idioma en que contestan, generando corpus distintos. Se muestra una posible manera de tratar esta situación, utilizando para ello la misma encuesta del primer capítulo.

Conservation science in NOAA’s National Marine Sanctuaries: description and recent accomplishments

This report describes cases relating to the management of national marine sanctuaries in which certain scientific information was required so managers could make decisions that effectively protected trust resources. The cases presented represent only a fraction of difficult issues that marine sanctuary managers deal with daily. They include, among others, problems related to wildlife disturbance, vessel routing, marine reserve placement, watershed management, oil spill response, and habitat restoration. Scientific approaches to address these problems vary significantly, and include literature surveys, data mining, field studies (monitoring, mapping, observations, and measurement), geospatial and biogeographic analysis, and modeling. In most cases there is also an element of expert consultation and collaboration among multiple partners, agencies with resource protection responsibilities, and other users and stakeholders. The resulting management responses may involve direct intervention (e.g., for spill response or habitat restoration issues), proposal of boundary alternatives for marine sanctuaries or reserves, changes in agency policy or regulations, making recommendations to other agencies with resource protection responsibilities, proposing changes to international or domestic shipping rules, or development of new education or outreach programs. (PDF contains 37 pages.)

Metrics of monograph use in the Marston Science Library

As academic libraries are increasingly supported by a matrix of databases functions, the use of data mining and visualization techniques offer significant potential for future collection development and service initiatives based on quantifiable data. While data collection techniques are still not standardized and results may be skewed because of granularity problems, faulty algorithms, and a host of other factors, useful baseline data is extractable and broad trends can be identified. The purpose of the current study is to provide an initial assessment of data associated with science monograph collection at the Marston Science Library (MSL), University of Florida. These sciences fall within the major Library of Congress Classification schedules of Q, S, and T, excluding R, TN, TR, and TT. Overall strategy of this project is to look at the potential science audiences within the university community and analyze data related to purchasing and circulation patterns, e-book usage, and interlibrary loan statistics. While a longitudinal study from 2004 to the present would be ideal, this paper presents the results from the academic year July 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 which was chosen as the pilot period because all data reservoirs identified above were available.