CLIMA ORGANIZACIONAL NO CONTEXTO DE UMA INCUBADORA: ESTUDO COM TRÊS EMPREENDIMENTOS DO INTERIOR DE SÃO PAULO

A gestão de pessoas é um elemento estratégico nas organizações. Dentre as estratégias que podem ser adotadas pela gestão de pessoas, o monitoramento do clima organizacional vem sendo foco nas organizações. No mundo competitivo, as incubadoras de empresas surgem, com o objetivo de proporcionar aos novos empreendimentos, meios para que tenham condições de expandir, auxiliando no desenvolvimento econômico local e regional. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o clima organizacional de três empresas do projeto incubadora de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo e, verificar os impactos que o clima presente está causando nestes empreendimentos. O critério utilizado para a seleção das empresas foi o de graduação, isto é, foram escolhidas empresas com mais tempo de incubadora e que estarão prontas para deixar o projeto no final do ano de 2014. Este estudo valeu-se de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos para poder efetuar o processo metodológico e construir a análise final da pesquisa. Como método quantitativo foi utilizada uma Escala de Clima Organizacional construída e validada por Martins et al. (2004) e como método qualitativo foi realizada uma entrevista com funcionários e gestores das empresas estudadas, com o objetivo de coletar informações para auxiliar no estudo, proporcionar melhor compreensão do ambiente de trabalho e verificar quais os principais impactos causados pelo clima presente. Percebeu-se que, as empresas estudadas, apresentam sérios problemas em seu ambiente de trabalho e, por sua vez, este clima organizacional vem impactando em outras variáveis como, nível de estresse, rotatividade de profissionais, desempenho profissional e na lucratividade destas organizações.

Os processos comunicacionais nas rádios comunitárias legalizadas do sertão do Piauí

O trabalho reflete sobre os processos comunicacionais das 30 primeiras rádios comunitárias legalizadas do sertão do Piauí. Procura traçar o panorama dessas emissoras, identificar as rádios que têm mais vínculos e atuação comunitária e também analisar seus papéis sociais e diferenças. Objetiva-se ainda seus processos comunicativos, além de mapear e fornecer visão do funcionamento de cada emissora, entender como ocorre a participação das comunidades, a visão do fazer radialismo e o significado das emissoras consideradas emblemáticas no fazer comunitário. Metodologicamente adota-se o método qualitativo, o qual foi desenvolvido com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, estudo documental e pesquisa de campo, cujas técnicas usadas foram: estudos de produção bibliográfica e de documentos virtuais e hemerográficos e realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas presenciais com membros das emissoras. As rádios comunitárias pesquisadas têm ampla importância nos espaços em que estão instaladas porque contribuem difundindo informação local e favorecendo o debate sobre novas demandas de cidadania e novos rumos para a região sertaneja piauiense.(AU)

CONFIGURAÇÕES E TENDÊNCIAS DAS RÁDIOS COMUNITÁRIAS DO INTERIOR PAULISTA DA REGIÃO DE BAURU

Esta pesquisa oferece um mapeamento das principais tendências e características das rádios comunitárias legalizadas na Região Administrativa de Bauru, interior paulista, o que totaliza 23 emissoras. Objetivou-se entender qual a relação dessas emissoras com a população local, o modo como operam, os modelos de gestão adotados, as circunstâncias em que foram outorgadas, se e como têm viabilizado a participação popular e contribuído para a ampliação da cidadania. A partir da discussão de conceitos como comunidade , local e região , buscou-se enumerar as características usualmente encontradas e aquelas que idealmente deveriam estar presentes nas mídias comunitária, local e regional, especialmente sob o aspecto da participação popular e da cidadania, para empregá-los como parâmetros norteadores de análise das rádios estudadas. O trabalho se utilizou do estudo de casos múltiplos como tipo de pesquisa, além da pesquisa bibliográfica. As técnicas utilizadas foram entrevistas com os gestores das emissoras, estudo de documentos e observação da programação. Considera-se que tais emissoras são fenômenos comunicacionais complexos, flexíveis e contingentes, contexto esperado por lidar com o estudo de objetos díspares e em circunstâncias variadas. Contribuem para a ampliação da cidadania e promovem a participação, quando e na proporção em que sua equipe de gestão possui esse foco de trabalho. Apesar de seus limites, representam avanço para a democratização das comunicações no Brasil, proporcionando acesso da população a um meio de comunicação local.(AU)

A comparative study of 'joined-up' working in three regeneration programme case studies

This research concerns the development of coordination and co-governance within three different regeneration programmes within one Midlands city over the period from 1999 to 2002. The New Labour government, in office since 1997, had an agenda for ‘joining-up’ government, part of which has had considerable impact in the area of regeneration policy. Joining-up government encompasses a set of related activities which can include the coordination of policy-making and service delivery. In regeneration, it also includes a commitment to operate through co-governance. Central government and local and regional organisations have sought to put this idea into practice by using what may be referred to as network management processes. Many characteristics of new policies are designed to address the management of networks. Network management is not new in this area, it has developed at least since the early 1990s with the City Challenge and Single Regeneration Budget (SRB) programmes as a way of encouraging more inclusive and effective regeneration interventions. Network management theory suggests that better management can improve decision-making outcomes in complex networks. The theories and concepts are utilised in three case studies as a way of understanding how and why regeneration attempts demonstrate real advances in inter-organisational working at certain times whilst faltering at others. Current cases are compared to the historical case of the original SRB programme as a method of assessing change. The findings suggest that: The use of network management can be identified at all levels of governance. As previous literature has highlighted, central government is the most important actor regarding network structuring. However, it can be argued that network structuring and game management are both practised by central and local actors; Furthermore, all three of the theoretical perspectives within network management (Instrumental, Institutional and Interactive), have been identified within UK regeneration networks. All may have a role to play with no single perspective likely to succeed on its own. Therefore, all could make an important contribution to the understanding of how groups can be brought together to work jointly; The findings support Klijn’s (1997) assertion that the institutional perspective is dominant for understanding network management processes; Instrumentalism continues on all sides, as the acquisition of resources remains the major driver for partnership activity; The level of interaction appears to be low despite the intentions for interactive decision-making; Overall, network management remains partial. Little attention is paid to the issues of accountability or to the institutional structures which can prevent networks from implementing the policies designed by central government, and/or the regional tier.

Population structure of spotted sunfish (Lepomis punctatus) in the Florida Everglades as revealed by DNA microsatellite analysis

Genetic diversity can be used to describe patterns of gene flow within and between local and regional populations. The Florida Everglades experiences seasonal fluctuations in water level that can influence local population extinction and recolonization dynamics. In addition, this expansive wetland has been divided into water management regions by canals and levees. These combined factors can affect genetic diversity and population structure of aquatic organisms in the Everglades. We analyzed allelic variation at six DNA microsatellite loci to examine the population structure of spotted sunfish (Lepomis punctatus) from the Everglades. We tested the hypothesis that recurrent local extinction and recent regional divisions have had an effect on patterns of genetic diversity. No marked differences were observed in comparisons of the heterozygosity values of sites within and among water management units. No evidence of isolation by distance was detected in a gene flow and distance correlation between subpopulations. Confidence intervals for the estimated F-statistic values crossed zero, indicating that there was no significant genetic difference between subpopulations within a region or between regions. Notably, the genetic variation among subpopulations in a water conservation area was greater than variation among regions (Fsp>FPT). These data indicate that the spatial scale of recolonization following local extinction appears to be most important within water management units.

A Fraternidade como categoria política: princípio anunciado na educação brasileira

This dissertation has had the goal of understanding and discussing how the fraternity category is presented in the main Brazilian education laws after the promulgation of the 1988 Federal Constitution. The systematization of a theoretical base about the fraternity category in its relation with de Brazilian education regulatory landmarks has allowed the proposition of elements of this category. The process of building the theoretical references of this research was written from a historical recuperation of the French Revolution, taking into account the triad of its main principles, “liberty, equality, and fraternity”, as civic and political values. Likewise, the Haitian Revolution was considered because of the symbolic role this revolution played on the concretization of the triad through the slave and black people’s struggle whose aims were both participation in the colony’s power positions and in the abolishing of slavery. The modernity and post modernity issues, as well as the concepts of citizenship and human rights, are also took as theoretical references in order to identify characteristics and connections of each one of those themes and concepts with the fraternity as a political category. This analysis has allowed the elaboration and systematization of the fraternity category and its constitutive elements: the universality which is directly connected to the local and regional issues; the mondialization as a counter-argument to the globalization which is seen exclusively in its economic dimension; the participative democracy as alternative way to the representative democracy; the “alteridade” (a kind of altruism) due to its specific way to recognize the other one as someone pretty much like me; and the diversity which consider the multicultural perspective and the necessity of building unity. It was possible to identify that the first two elements of the triad, liberty and equality, were the most import ones over the so called modernity period when the triad was put in the second place or only in its religious dimension. The post modernity, in turn, has brought to light the fraternity due to its constitutive elements. It was also possible to highlight the citizenship as a modernity landmark and the human rights as an idea marked by the fraternity and directly linked with the post modernity. From this theoretical frame it was made an analysis of the legal instruments that organize and regulate the Brazilian education: the 1998 Federal Constitution; the Statute for Children and Adolescents; the National Brazilian Education Law; and the National Education Plan. All these legal instruments were discussed based on their relation with the fraternity as a political category and through the identification of its main constitutive elements. The methodological way was put into practice mainly through the qualitative dimension, especially the Bardin’s content analysis. The dissertation has permitted to emphasize that the fraternity as political category was not a forgotten principle in the Brazilian education legislation, but a principle not formally and textually declared yet.

Global surface net-radiation at 5 km from MODIS Terra

Reliable and fine resolution estimates of surface net-radiation are required for estimating latent and sensible heat fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere. However, currently, fine resolution estimates of net-radiation are not available and consequently it is challenging to develop multi-year estimates of evapotranspiration at scales that can capture land surface heterogeneity and are relevant for policy and decision-making. We developed and evaluated a global net-radiation product at 5 km and 8-day resolution by combining mutually consistent atmosphere and land data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board Terra. Comparison with net-radiation measurements from 154 globally distributed sites (414 site-years) from the FLUXNET and Surface Radiation budget network (SURFRAD) showed that the net-radiation product agreed well with measurements across seasons and climate types in the extratropics (Wilmott’s index ranged from 0.74 for boreal to 0.63 for Mediterranean sites). Mean absolute deviation between the MODIS and measured net-radiation ranged from 38.0 ± 1.8 W∙m−2 in boreal to 72.0 ± 4.1 W∙m−2 in the tropical climates. The mean bias was small and constituted only 11%, 0.7%, 8.4%, 4.2%, 13.3%, and 5.4% of the mean absolute error in daytime net-radiation in boreal, Mediterranean, temperate-continental, temperate, semi-arid, and tropical climate, respectively. To assess the accuracy of the broader spatiotemporal patterns, we upscaled error-quantified MODIS net-radiation and compared it with the net-radiation estimates from the coarse spatial (1° × 1°) but high temporal resolution gridded net-radiation product from the Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Our estimates agreed closely with the net-radiation estimates from the CERES. Difference between the two was less than 10 W•m−2 in 94% of the total land area. MODIS net-radiation product will be a valuable resource for the science community studying turbulent fluxes and energy budget at the Earth’s surface.

Dinoflagellate cysts in western equatorial Atlantic surface sediments

In contrast to the wide range of studies carried out in temperate and high-latitude oceanic regions, only a few studies have focused on recent and Holocene organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from the tropics. This information is, however, essential for fully understanding the ability of species to adapt to different oceanographic regimes, and ultimately their potential application to local and regional palaeoenvironmental and palaeoceanographic reconstructions. Surface sediment samples of the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean north of Brazil, an area greatly influenced by Amazon River discharge waters, were therefore analysed in detail for their organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst content. A diverse association of 43 taxa was identified, and large differences in cyst distribution were observed. The cyst thanatocoenosis in bottom sediments reflects the seasonal advection of Amazon River discharge water through the Guyana Current and the North Equatorial Countercurrent well into the North Atlantic. To establish potential links between cyst distribution and the environmental conditions of the upper water column, distribution patterns were compared with mean temperature, salinity, density and stratification gradients within the upper water column (0-100 m) over different times of the year, using correspondence analysis and canonical correspondence analysis. The analyses show that differences in these parameters only play a subordinate role in determining species distribution. Instead, nutrient availability, or related factors, dominates the distribution pattern. The only possible indicators of slightly reduced salinities are Trinovantedinium applanatum and Lingulodinium machaerophorum. Four assemblage groups of cyst taxa with similar environmental affinities related to specific water masses/currents can be distinguished and have potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

La ética hacker frente al capitalismo netárquíco: software libre y peer production en las iniciativas de Economía Colaborativa en Andalucía

En los últimos años el término Economía Colaborativa se ha popularizado sin que, hasta el momento, haya sido definido de manera inequívoca. Bajo esta denominación se engloban experiencias tan diversas como bancos de tiempo, huertos urbanos, startups o grandes plataformas digitales. La proliferación de este tipo de iniciativas puede relacionarse con una multiplicidad de factores tales como el desarrollo tecnológico, la recesión económica y otras crisis superpuestas (medioambiental, de cuidados, de valores, de lo político) y un cierto cambio en los valores sociales. Entre 2014-2015 se han realizado dos investigaciones en Andalucía de manera casi paralela y con una metodología similar. La primera de ellas pretendía identificar prácticas de Economía Colaborativa en el entorno universitario. La segunda investigación identificaba experiencias de emprendimiento a nivel autonómico. A luz de los resultados obtenidos se plantea la siguiente cuestión sobre la naturaleza misma de la Economía Colaborativa: ¿nos encontramos ante prácticas postcapitalistas que abren el camino a una sociedad más justa e igualitaria o, más bien, estamos ante una respuesta del capital para, una vez más, seguir extrayendo de manera privada el valor que se genera socialmente? Este artículo, partiendo del análisis del conjunto de iniciativas detentadas en Andalucía, se centra en aquellas basadas en el software libre y la producción digital concluyendo cómo, gracias a la incorporación de ciertos aspectos de la ética hacker y las lógicas del conocimiento abierto, éstas pueden situarse dentro de un escenario de fomento de los comunes globales frente a las lógicas imperantes del capitalismo netárquico. 

Análisis y evaluación financiera del sistema policultivo de bocachico y tilapia roja en los departamentos del Atlántico y Magdalena

En este texto investigativo se realiza una avaluación financiera del proyecto Sistema Policultivo Bocachico – Tilapia Roja. Para llevar a cabo la investigación radica que en el momento en que se realizó el primer prototipo del Policultivo, no se tuvieron en cuenta aspectos de carácter financiero; además durante el proceso de estudio hemos aprendido elementos que ayudarían a mejorar el análisis financiero y económico del proyecto Policultivo. Con el estudio, los piscicultores e inversionistas dispondrán de unas herramientas calificadas y cualificadas que les permitan no sólo saber y estudiar el costo del montaje técnico de un policultivo, nociones de la piscicultura y cultivo de especies, sino, especialmente, conocer a través del uso de la metodología investigativa de la evaluación de proyectos, las fuentes más convenientes para el financiamiento, el potencial del negocio, un sostenido estudio de mercado y la generación de valor que representa el esfuerzo económico. Y por último distinguir el aporte eficaz que genera el proyecto en materia de desarrollo local o regional al contribuir con la generación de empleo, bienestar y al satisfacer ciertas necesidades sociales. Se pudo determinar que la producción y comercialización de Bocachico y Tilapia Roja mediante el Sistema Policultivos es factible, ya que mejora considerablemente los rendimientos de producción por unidad de área, y se aprovechan de la mejor manera los recursos disponibles. En el análisis se detectó que existe un gran potencial de demanda y de mercado, eficiente uso de los recursos financieros, técnicos, administrativos, legal, humanos, físicos y de infraestructura acorde con las necesidades del proyecto; y con una evaluación financiera que demuestra que el proyecto Sistema Policultivos es viable, rentable y se justifica realizar la inversión para desarrollarlo.

Paläowind-Indikatoren : Möglichkeiten, Grenzen und Probleme ihrer Anwendung am Beispiel des Weichsel-Hochglazials in Europa

In the first paragraphs of this paper a survey of the most ap- proved paleowind indicators is given. Methods, limitations and Problems of their Interpretation are discussed. The following indicators and their attributes are considered: loess, sandy loess (attributes: Sediment thickness, grain size, mineral compo- sition, sediment structure and morphology), paleosoils, vulcano- eolian Sediments, deep sea Sediments and paleo snowlines. In the second part of this paper the wind regimes predominating in Europe during the Weichselian glacial maximum are recon- structed based on information from more than 170 publications with interpretations of paleowind indicators. The results are presented in two survey maps. The most significant result is to indicate two competing wind regimes existing during the glacial maximum. In the immediate vicinity of the Fennoscandian glaciation and in eastern Europe paleowind indicators document easterly and north easterly anti- cyclonic winds; in central and Western Europe they show westerly winds originated in cyclones coming from the North Atlantic. Some modifications of the wind pattern are induced by local and regional morphological conditions (e.g. the Upper Rhine valley, the east rim of the Carpathian Mountains). In general and compared with previous investigations the study points to a more differentiated pattern of atmospheric circula- tion during the Weichselian Pleniglacial influenced by variing topographical, paleoecological and meteorological factors.